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Vallikkunnu | |
|---|---|
village | |
 Kadalundi Bird Sanctuary is located in the Balathiruthi Island clusters of Vallikkunnu | |
  Vallikkunnu Location in Kerala, India Show map of Kerala Vallikkunnu Vallikkunnu (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:11°8′0″N75°50′0″E / 11.13333°N 75.83333°E /11.13333; 75.83333 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Malappuram |
| Elevation | 2 m (6.6 ft) |
| Population (2001) | |
• Total | 22,853 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Malayalam,English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 673314 |
| Telephone code | 0494 |
| Vehicle registration | KL-55 KL]]65 |
| Nearest city | Kozhikode |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Malappuram |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Vallikkunnu |
| Climate | Moderate(Köppen) |
Vallikkunnu is a village inTirurangadi taluk ofMalappuram district in the state ofKerala, India with an area of 25 km2. It is located 5 km north ofParappanangadi town and falls under the jurisdiction of Parappanangadi Police Station and Parappanangadi Judicial First Class Magistrate Court. Vallikkunnu was awarded the best panchayath of Kerala in 1997.[1][2] Vallikunnu is situated onTirur-Kadalundi Road.[3] Vallikkunnu is also a part of the Oldest Railway Line of Kerala laid in 1861 fromTirur toChaliyam viaTanur,Parappanangadi, Vallikkunnu, andKadalundi.[3]
Vallikkunnu lies on the bank of theKadalundi River. Kadalundi River joins theArabian Sea at the estuary (Azhimukham) in Kadalundi Nagaram beach of Vallikkunnu grama panchayat.Kadalundi Bird Sanctuary and Kadalundi-Vallikkunnu Community Reserve are located in Vallikkunnu.[4]
As of 2001[update] Indiacensus, Vallikkunnu had a population of 22853 with 11057 males and 11796 females.[1]It falls under Thirurangadi thaluk. Its northern boundary isKadalundi river its southern boundary is withParappanangadi Municipality. The village has a coastline of 8 kilometers withArabian Sea in the west. It is bordered byChelembra,Tenhipalam and Moonniyoor Panchayaths.[5][6]
Vallikkunnu-Kadalundi-Chaliyam-Beypore had trade relations with foreign countries like Rome and Arabia since the era of king Solomon.Tyndis, which was a major center of trade, next only toMuziris, between theCheras and theRoman Empire, is identified withKadalundi.[7]Pliny the Elder (1st century CE) states that the port ofTyndis was located at the northwestern border ofKeprobotos (Chera dynasty).[8] TheNorth Malabar region, which lies north of the port atTyndis, was ruled by the kingdom ofEzhimala duringSangam period.[9] According to thePeriplus of the Erythraean Sea, a region known asLimyrike began atNaura andTyndis. HoweverPtolemy mentions onlyTyndis as theLimyrike's starting point. The region probably ended atKanyakumari; it thus roughly corresponds to the present-dayMalabar Coast. The value of Rome's annual trade with the region was estimated at around 50,000,000sesterces.[10]Pliny the Elder mentioned thatLimyrike was prone by pirates.[11] TheCosmas Indicopleustes mentioned that theLimyrike was a source of peppers.[12][13]
According to theLegend of Cheraman Perumals, the first Indian mosque was built in 624 AD atKodungallur with the mandate of the last the ruler (the Cheraman Perumal) ofChera dynasty, who converted to Islam during the lifetime ofMuhammad (c. 570–632).[14][15][16][17] According toQissat Shakarwati Farmad, theMasjids atKodungallur,Kollam, Madayi,Barkur,Mangalore,Kasaragod,Kannur,Dharmadam,Panthalayini, andChaliyam (just opposite to Vallikkunnu), were built during the era ofMalik Dinar, and they are among the oldestMasjids in theIndian subcontinent.[18] It is believed thatMalik Dinar died atThalangara inKasaragod town.[19]
After the breakdown of the Chera Kingdom dynasty rooted in Kadalundi,Parappanad Kovilakam ofParappanangadi became the rulers of Vallikkunnu. Parappanad royal family is a cousin dynasty of theTravancore royal family.[20][21] They gave permission for the Dutch to build a fort atKadalundi. Even though the fort collapsed after a war with Zamorins, we can see the remnants in Mulla. Later the British became the rulers of Vallikkunnu and they built railway lines fromTirur up toChaliyam for the purpose of business. Later it was extended toShoranur.Marthanda Varma, the founder ofTravancore, belongs toParappanad royal family.[20]
Thundi is an ancient seaport and harbor-town north ofMuziris (Muchiri) in theChera Kingdom (Keprobotos), modern dayIndia on theMalabar Coast.[22][23] The exact location of the port is still unknown, modernday Kadalundi Nagaram,Ponnani,Tanur, andPantalayani Kollam[24] are often identified as Tyndis located in theSangam ageTamil kingdom of theCheras. Tyndis was a major center of trade, next only to Muziris, between the Cheras and theRoman Empire in the early centuries of the Christian era. A branch of the Chera royal family is also said to have established itself at Tyndis. It is also speculated that Tyndis (along with ports such as Naura, Bakare and Nelkynda) operated as a satellite feeding port to Muziris.[7]
Vallikkunnu Grama Panchayat is composed of the following 23 wards:[25]
| Ward no. | Name | Ward no. | Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kadalundi Nagaram North | 2 | Keezhayil |
| 3 | Navajeevan | 4 | Balathiruthi |
| 5 | Anayarangadi | 6 | Madathil Purayi |
| 7 | Kizhakkemala | 8 | Olipram |
| 9 | Paruthikkad | 10 | Pottenkuzhi |
| 11 | Kacherikunnu | 12 | Karumarakkad |
| 13 | Kodakkad East | 14 | Kodakkad South |
| 15 | Kodakkad West | 16 | Ariyallur East |
| 17 | Madhavanandam | 18 | Ariyallur South |
| 19 | Ariyallur Beach | 20 | Ariyallur North |
| 21 | Anangadi South | 22 | Anangadi |
| 23 | Kadalundi Nagaram |
