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VANOS is avariable valve timing system used byBMW on various automotivepetrol engines since 1992. The name is an abbreviation of the German words forvariable camshaft timing (German:variableNockenwellensteuerung).
The initial version (retrospectively renamed "single VANOS") was solely used on the intake camshaft, while the later "double VANOS" systems are used on intake and exhaust camshafts. Since 2001, VANOS is often used in conjunction with theValvetronic variable valve lift system.
VANOS is avariator system that varies the timing of thevalves by moving the position and thecamshafts in relation to the drive gear. The relative timing between inlet and exhaust valves is changed.
At lower engine speeds, the position of the camshaft is moved so the valves are opened later, as this improves idling quality and smooth power development.As the engine speed increases, the valves are opened earlier: this enhances torque, reduces fuel consumption and lowers emissions.At high engine speeds, the valves are opened later again, because this allows full power delivery.[1]
The first-generationsingle VANOS system adjusts the timing of the intake camshaft to one of two positions — e.g. the camshaft is advanced at certainengine speeds.[2][3]VANOS was first introduced in 1992 on theBMW M50 engine used in 3 and 5 Series. In 1998 single infinitely variable VANOS was introduced on theBMW M62 V8 engine.[2]
The second-generationdouble VANOS system adjusts the timing of the intake and exhaust camshafts with continuously variable adjustment, based on engine speed and throttle opening. The first double VANOS system appeared on theS50B32 engine in 1996.
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