Usvyaty Усвяты | |
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Work settlement[1] | |
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 Interactive map of Usvyaty | |
  Usvyaty Location of Usvyaty Show map of Russia Usvyaty Usvyaty (Pskov Oblast) Show map of Pskov Oblast | |
| Coordinates:55°44′55″N30°45′20″E / 55.74861°N 30.75556°E /55.74861; 30.75556 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Pskov Oblast |
| Administrative district | Usvyatsky District[2] |
| Urban-type settlement status since | 1985[3] |
| Population | |
• Total | 2,961 |
| • Capital of | Usvyatsky District[2] |
| • Municipal district | Usvyatsky Municipal District[1] |
| • Urban settlement | Usvyaty[1] |
| • Capital of | Usvyatsky Municipal District, Usvyaty Urban Settlement[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [5]) |
| Postal code[6] | 182570 |
| OKTMO ID | 58658151051 |
Usvyaty (Russian:Усвяты) is anurban locality (awork settlement) and theadministrative center ofUsvyatsky District ofPskov Oblast,Russia. It is located on the right bank of theUsvyacha River, betweenLake Uzmen andLake Usvyaty, two biggest lakes in the area.Municipally, it is incorporated asUsvyaty Urban Settlement, the only urban settlement in the district. Population:2,961 (2010 census);[4]3,148 (2002 census);[8]3,638 (1989 Soviet census).[9]
TheLovat River was a part of thetrade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, one of the oldest trading routes passing throughRus'. This branch of the route followed the Lovat upstream and then the Usvyacha and the Western Dvina. The area was populated since the Middle Ages, and Usvyaty (Vsvyach) was first mentioned in chronicles under 1021.[3] In theLate Middle Ages, it was an important fortress of theGrand Duchy of Lithuania, since 1386 in thePolish–Lithuanian union.[10] In 1566, it was captured by Russia, but was recaptured by thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1580.[10] In 1653, it was captured by Russia again, but was restored to the Poland-Lithuania by theTruce of Andrusovo in 1667.[10]
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During theFirst Partition of Poland in 1772, it was annexed by Russia, and included into newly establishedPskov Governorate, a giant administrative unit comprising what is currently Pskov Oblast and a considerable part of Belarus. After 1773, the area was split betweenNevelsky andVelizhsky Uyezds of Pskov Governorate. In 1777, it was transferred toPolotsk Viceroyalty. In 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished and the area was transferred toBelarus Governorate; since 1802 toVitebsk Governorate. Usvyaty was a center ofUsvyatskaya Volost of Velizhsky Uyezd. In the late 19th century, three annualfairs and two weekly markets were held in the town.[10] After 1919, Vitebsk Governorate was a part ofRussian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.[11] In 1924, Vitebsk Governorate was abolished, and Nevelsky and Velizhsky Uyezds were transferred to Pskov Governorate.
On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished, and Usvyatsky District was established, with the administrative center in Usvyaty. It included parts of former Nevelsky and Velizhsky Uyezds. Pskov Governorate was abolished as well, and the district became a part ofVelikiye Luki Okrug ofLeningrad Oblast. On June 17, 1929, Usvyatsky District was transferred toWestern Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were also abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On September 27, 1937, Western Oblast was abolished, and the district was transferred toSmolensk Oblast. Between 1941 and 1944, Usvyaty was occupied byGerman troops. On August 22, 1944, the district was transferred to newly establishedVelikiye Luki Oblast. On October 2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished, and Usvyatsky District was transferred to Pskov Oblast. On October 3, 1959 the district was abolished and merged into Nevelsky District. On December 30, 1966 it was re-established. On October 15, 1985 Usvyaty was granted urban-type settlement status.[12]
In Usvyaty, there are enterprises of timber and food industry. The latter include meat processing plants ofVelikoluksky Myasokombinat.[13]
The highway connectingNevel withSmolensk via Usvyaty andVelizh bypasses Usvyaty. The whole stretch between Nevel and Velizh has been a toll road since 2002.[14] A road connects Usvyaty withKunya. There are also local roads.
Usvyaty contains two objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[15] They are an archaeological site and a tomb of soldiers fallen in World War II.
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