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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name Uridine 5′-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) | |
| Systematic IUPAC name O1-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl} tetrahydrogen triphosphate | |
| Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| 71520 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.508 |
| EC Number |
|
| 307896 | |
| MeSH | Uridine+triphosphate |
| UNII | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C9H15N2O15P3 | |
| Molar mass | 484.139 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Uridine-5′-triphosphate (UTP) is apyrimidinenucleoside triphosphate, consisting of theorganic baseuracil linked to the 1′ carbon of theribose sugar, and esterified with tri-phosphoric acid at the 5′ position. Its main role is as substrate for the synthesis ofRNA duringtranscription. UTP is the precursor for the production ofCTP viaCTP synthetase.[1] UTP can be biosynthesized fromUDP bynucleoside-diphosphate kinase after using thephosphate group fromATP.[2][3] UDP + ATP ⇌ UTP + ADP;[4] both UTP and ATP are energetically equal.[4]
The homologue in DNA isthymidine triphosphate (TTP or dTTP). UTP also has adeoxyribose form (dUTP).
UTP also has the role of a source of energy or an activator of substrates in metabolic reactions, like that ofATP, but more specific. When UTP activates a substrate (such as glucose-1-phosphate), UDP-glucose is formed and inorganic phosphate is released.[5]UDP-glucose enters the synthesis ofglycogen. UTP is used in the metabolism ofgalactose, where the activated formUDP-galactose is converted to UDP-glucose.UDP-glucuronate is used to conjugatebilirubin to a more water-solublebilirubin diglucuronide. UTP is also used to activate amino sugars like glucosamine-1-phosphate to UDP-glucosamine, andN-acetyl-glucosamine-1-phosphate to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine.[6]
UTP also has roles in mediating responses by extracellular binding to theP2Y receptors of cells. UTP and its derivatives are still being investigated for their applications in human medicine. However, there is evidence from various model systems to suggest it has applications in pathogen defense and injury repair. In mice UTP has been found to interact withP2Y4 receptors to mediate an enhancement inantibody production.[7] Inschwannoma cells, UTP binds to the P2YP receptors in the event of damage. This leads to the downstream signal cascade that leads to the eventual injury repair.[8]
