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United States Secretary of the Navy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Statutory office and the head of the U.S. Department of the Navy
Not to be confused withChief of Naval Operations.

United States Secretary of the Navy
Seal of the Department of the Navy
Flag of the secretary
Incumbent
John Phelan
since 25 March 2025
Department of the Navy
StyleMister Secretary
The Honorable (formally)
AbbreviationSECNAV
Reports toSecretary of Defense
Deputy Secretary of Defense
AppointerThepresident
withSenateadvice and consent
Constituting instrument10 U.S.C. § 8013
Formation18 June 1798; 227 years ago (18 June 1798)
First holderBenjamin Stoddert
Succession3rd in SecDef succession
DeputyUnder Secretary
(Principal Civilian Deputy)
Chief of Naval Operations
(Navy Advisor and Deputy)
Commandant
(Marine Corps Advisor and Deputy)
SalaryExecutive Schedule, level II
Websitewww.secnav.navy.mil

Thesecretary of the Navy (SECNAV) is a statutory officer (10 U.S.C. § 8013) and the head (chief executive officer) of theDepartment of the Navy, a military department within theUnited States Department of Defense. On March 25, 2025,John Phelan was confirmed as Secretary of the Navy.[1]

By law, the secretary of the Navy mustbe a civilian at least seven years removed from active military service (10 U.S.C. § 8013). The secretary is appointed by thepresident and requires confirmation by theSenate.

History

[edit]

The position of Secretary of the Navy was created in 1798. It was a member of the president'sCabinet until 1949, when the secretary of the Navy (and the secretaries of theArmy andAir Force) were by amendments to theNational Security Act of 1947 made subordinate to thesecretary of defense.[2]

From 2001 to 2019, proposals to rename the Department of the Navy to the Department of the Navy and Marine Corps, which would have also renamed the secretary of the Navy to thesecretary of the Navy and Marine Corps, were introduced with wide support in theUnited States Congress, but failed due to the opposition of Senator and retired U.S. Navy officerJohn McCain.[3]

Responsibilities

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The Department of the Navy (DoN) consists of twouniformed services: theUnited States Navy and theUnited States Marine Corps.[4] The secretary of the Navy is responsible for, and has statutory authority (10 U.S.C. § 8013) to "conduct all the affairs of the Department of the Navy", i.e. as its chief executive officer, subject to the limits of the law, and the directions of the president and the secretary of defense. In effect, all authority within the Navy and Marine Corps, unless specifically exempted by law, is derivative of the authority vested in the secretary of the Navy.

Specifically enumerated responsibilities of the SECNAV in the aforementioned section are: recruiting, organizing, supplying, equipping, training, mobilizing, and demobilizing. The secretary also oversees the construction, outfitting, and repair of naval ships, equipment, and facilities. SECNAV is responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies and programs that are consistent with the national security policies and objectives established by the president or the secretary of defense.[5][6]

The secretary of the Navy is a member of theDefense Acquisition Board (DAB), chaired by theunder secretary of defense for acquisition, technology and logistics. Furthermore, the secretary has several statutory responsibilities under theUniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) with respect to the administration of the military justice system for the Navy & the Marine Corps, including the authority to convene general courts-martial and to commute sentences.

The principal military advisers to the SECNAV are the two service chiefs of the naval services: for matters regarding the Navy thechief of naval operations (CNO), and for matters regarding the Marine Corps thecommandant of the Marine Corps (CMC). The CNO and the Commandant act as the principal executive agents of the SECNAV within their respective services to implement the orders of the secretary.

Navy regulations

[edit]

TheUnited States Navy Regulations is the principal regulatory document of the Department of the Navy, and all changes to it must be approved by the secretary of the Navy.

U.S. Coast Guard

[edit]

Whenever theUnited States Coast Guard operates as a service within the Department of the Navy, the secretary of the Navy has the same powers and duties with respect to the Coast Guard as thesecretary of homeland security when the Coast Guard is not operating as a service in the Department of the Navy.[7]

Navy Secretariat

[edit]

TheOffice of the Secretary of the Navy, also known within DoD as theNavy Secretariat or simply just as theSecretariat in a DoN setting, is the immediate headquarters staff that supports the secretary in discharging his duties. The principal officials of the Secretariat include theUnder Secretary of the Navy (the secretary's principal civilian deputy), theassistant secretaries of the Navy (ASN), thegeneral counsel of the Navy, thejudge advocate general of the Navy (JAG), theNaval inspector general (NIG), thechief of Legislative Affairs, and thechief of naval research. The Office of the Secretary of the Navy has sole responsibility within the Department of the Navy for acquisition, auditing, financial and information management, legislative affairs, and public affairs.[8]

Pursuant to SecNavInst 5090.5F, the Department of the NavyEnvironmental Programs Manual, the secretary of the Navy and chief of naval operations recognize a number of commands annually for achievements in such areas asenvironmental quality,environmental cleanup,natural resources conservation,cultural resources management,pollution prevention, andrecycling.[9]

The chief of naval operations and the commandant of the Marine Corps have their own separate staffs, theOffice of the Chief of Naval Operations (also known by its acronym OPNAV) andHeadquarters Marine Corps.

Secretaries of the Navy

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  Denotesacting secretaries

[10]

Continental Congress

[edit]
PositionPortraitNameTerm of office
Chairman of the Marine CommitteeJohn Adams13 October 1775 – 1779
Member of the Marine CommitteeJohn Langdon13 October 1775–?
Member of the Marine CommitteeSilas Deane13 October 1775–?
Member of the Marine CommitteeJoseph Hewes1775[11]
Continental Navy Board
(under Marine Committee)		6 November 1776 – 28 October 1779
Chairman of the Continental Board of AdmiraltyFrancis LewisDecember 1779 – 1780
Secretary of MarineAlexander McDougall7 February 1781 – 29 August 1781
Agent of Marine
(devolved ontoSuperintendent of Finance)		Robert Morris29 August 1781 – 1784[12]

(Post of Secretary of Marine created but remained vacant)

Executive Department, 1798–1949

[edit]

  Denotes anActing United States Secretary of the Navy
No.PortraitNameStateStartEndPresident(s)
1Benjamin StoddertMaryland18 June 179831 March 1801John Adams
(1797–1801)
Thomas Jefferson
(1801–1809)
2Robert SmithMaryland27 July 18014 March 1809
3Paul HamiltonSouth Carolina15 May 180931 December 1812James Madison
(1809–1817)
4William JonesPennsylvania19 January 18131 December 1814
5Benjamin CrowninshieldMassachusetts16 January 181530 September 1818
James Monroe
(1817–1825)
6Smith ThompsonNew York1 January 181931 August 1823
7Samuel L. SouthardNew Jersey16 September 18234 March 1829
John Quincy Adams
(1825–1829)
8John BranchNorth Carolina9 March 182912 May 1831Andrew Jackson
(1829–1837)
9Levi WoodburyNew Hampshire23 May 183130 June 1834
10Mahlon DickersonNew Jersey1 July 183430 June 1838
Martin Van Buren
(1837–1841)
11James K. PauldingNew York1 July 18384 March 1841
12George E. BadgerNorth Carolina6 March 184111 September 1841William Henry Harrison
(1841)
John Tyler
(1841–1845)
13Abel P. UpshurVirginia11 October 184123 July 1843
14David HenshawMassachusetts24 July 184318 February 1844
15Thomas W. GilmerVirginia19 February 184428 February 1844
16John Y. MasonVirginia26 March 18444 March 1845
17George BancroftMassachusetts11 March 18459 September 1846James K. Polk
(1845–1849)
18John Y. MasonVirginia10 September 18464 March 1849
19William B. PrestonVirginia8 March 184922 July 1850Zachary Taylor
(1849–1850)
20William GrahamNorth Carolina2 August 185025 July 1852Millard Fillmore
(1850–1853)
21John P. KennedyMaryland26 July 18524 March 1853
22James C. DobbinNorth Carolina8 March 18534 March 1857Franklin Pierce
(1853–1857)
23Isaac TouceyConnecticut7 March 18574 March 1861James Buchanan
(1857–1861)
24Gideon WellesConnecticut7 March 18614 March 1869Abraham Lincoln
(1861–1865)
Andrew Johnson
(1865–1869)
25Adolph E. BoriePennsylvania9 March 186925 June 1869Ulysses S. Grant
(1869–1877)
26George M. RobesonNew Jersey26 June 18694 March 1877
ActingWilliam Faxon4 March 187713 March 1877Rutherford B. Hayes
(1877–1881)
27Richard W. ThompsonIndiana13 March 187720 December 1880
28Nathan Goff Jr.West Virginia7 January 18814 March 1881
29William H. HuntLouisiana7 March 188116 April 1882James A. Garfield
(1881)
Chester A. Arthur
(1881–1885)
30William E. ChandlerNew Hampshire16 April 18824 March 1885
31William C. WhitneyNew York7 March 18854 March 1889Grover Cleveland
(1885–1889)
32Benjamin F. TracyNew York6 March 18894 March 1893Benjamin Harrison
(1889–1893)
33Hilary A. HerbertAlabama7 March 18934 March 1897Grover Cleveland
(1893–1897)
34John Davis LongMassachusetts6 March 189730 April 1902William McKinley
(1897–1901)
Theodore Roosevelt
(1901–1909)
35William MoodyMassachusetts1 May 190230 June 1904
36Paul MortonIllinois1 July 190430 June 1905
37Charles BonaparteMaryland1 July 190516 December 1906
38Victor H. MetcalfCalifornia17 December 190630 November 1908
39Truman Handy NewberryMichigan1 December 19084 March 1909
40George von Lengerke MeyerMassachusetts6 March 19094 March 1913William Howard Taft
(1909–1913)
41Josephus DanielsNorth Carolina5 March 19134 March 1921Woodrow Wilson
(1913–1921)
42Edwin DenbyMichigan6 March 192110 March 1924Warren G. Harding
(1921–1923)
Calvin Coolidge
(1923–1929)
ActingTheodore Roosevelt Jr.10 March 192419 March 1924
43Curtis D. WilburCalifornia19 March 19244 March 1929
44Charles Francis Adams IIIMassachusetts5 March 19294 March 1933Herbert Hoover
(1929–1933)
45Claude A. SwansonVirginia4 March 19337 July 1939Franklin D. Roosevelt
(1933–1945)
46Charles EdisonNew Jersey7 July 19392 January 1940
2 January 194024 June 1940
ActingLewis Compton24 June 194011 July 1940
47Frank KnoxIllinois11 July 194028 April 1944
ActingRalph Austin Bard28 April 194419 May 1944
48James ForrestalNew York19 May 194417 September 1947
Harry S. Truman
(1945–1953)
49John SullivanNew Hampshire18 September 194724 May 1949
50Francis P. MatthewsNebraska25 May 194910 August 1949

Military Department (Department of Defense), 1949–present

[edit]

  Denotes anActing United States Secretary of the Navy
No.PortraitNameTerm of officePresident(s)
StartEndDuration
50Francis P. Matthews10 August 194931 July 1951797Harry S. Truman
(1945–1953)
51Dan A. Kimball31 July 195120 January 1953539
52Robert Anderson4 February 19533 March 1954392Dwight D. Eisenhower
(1953–1961)
53Charles Thomas3 May 19541 April 19571064
54Thomas S. Gates Jr.1 April 19578 June 1959798
55William B. Franke8 June 195919 January 1961591
56John Connally25 January 196120 December 1961329John F. Kennedy
(1961–1963)
57Fred Korth4 January 19621 November 1963666
ActingPaul B. Fay2 November 196328 November 196326
Lyndon B. Johnson
(1963–1969)
58Paul Nitze29 November 196330 June 19671309
ActingCharles F. Baird1 July 196731 August 196761
59Paul Ignatius1 September 196724 January 1969511
Richard Nixon
(1969–1974)
60John Chafee31 January 19694 May 19721189
61John Warner4 May 19728 April 1974704
62J. William Middendorf8 April 197420 January 19771018
Gerald Ford
(1974–1977)
63W. Graham Claytor Jr.14 February 197724 August 1979921Jimmy Carter
(1977–1981)
64Edward Hidalgo24 October 197920 January 1981454
65John Lehman5 February 198110 April 19872255Ronald Reagan
(1981–1989)
66Jim Webb1 May 198723 February 1988298
67William L. Ball28 March 198815 May 1989413
George H. W. Bush
(1989–1993)
68Henry L. Garrett III15 May 198926 June 19921138
ActingDaniel Howard26 June 19927 July 199211
69Sean O'Keefe7 July 19922 October 199287
2 October 199220 January 1993110
ActingFrank Kelso20 January 199321 July 1993182Bill Clinton
(1993–2001)
70John H. Dalton22 July 199316 November 19981943
71Richard Danzig16 November 199820 January 2001796
ActingRobert B. Pirie Jr.20 January 200124 May 2001124George W. Bush
(2001–2009)
72Gordon R. England24 May 200130 January 2003616
ActingSusan Livingstone30 January 20037 February 20038
ActingHansford T. Johnson7 February 200330 September 2003235
73Gordon R. England1 October 200329 December 2005[13]820
ActingDionel M. Aviles29 December 2005[13]3 January 2006[13]5
74Donald C. Winter3 January 2006[13]13 March 2009[14]1165
Barack Obama
(2009–2017)
ActingB. J. Penn13 March 2009[14]19 May 2009[15]67
75Ray Mabus19 May 2009[14]20 January 20172803
ActingSean Stackley20 January 20173 August 2017195Donald Trump
(2017–2021)
76Richard V. Spencer3 August 201715 July 2019711
ActingThomas Modly15 July 201931 July 201916
76Richard V. Spencer31 July 201924 November 2019116
ActingThomas Modly24 November 20197 April 2020135
ActingJames E. McPherson7 April 202029 May 202052
77Kenneth Braithwaite29 May 2020[16]20 January 2021236
ActingThomas Harker20 January 20219 August 2021201Joe Biden
(2021–2025)
78Carlos Del Toro9 August 202120 January 20251260
ActingTerence Emmert20 January 202525 March 202564Donald Trump
(2025–present)
79John Phelan25 March 2025Incumbent215

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Honorable John Phelan Sworn in as 79th Secretary of the Navy at National Archives".United States Navy. 25 March 2025.Archived from the original on 28 March 2025. Retrieved26 March 2025.
  2. ^"Guide to Federal Records – General Records of the Department of the Navy, 1798–1947".Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved23 September 2007.
  3. ^Bacon, Lance M. (2 May 2016)."Congressman: I'll 'keep fighting like a bulldog' to rename the Navy Department for Marines". Marine Corps Times.Archived from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved16 March 2022.
  4. ^"Responsibilities".The US Navy. Archived fromthe original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved23 September 2007.
  5. ^"10 U.S. Code § 8013 – Secretary of the Navy".LII.Archived from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved13 December 2022.
  6. ^"The Honorable Donald C. Winter".U.S. Navy Biographies. 3 January 2006. Archived fromthe original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved23 September 2007.
  7. ^"10 U.S. Code § 8013a – Secretary of the Navy: powers with respect to Coast Guard".Archived from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved13 December 2022.
  8. ^"10 U.S. Code § 8014 – Office of the Secretary of the Navy".Archived from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved13 December 2022.
  9. ^"Archived copy"(PDF). Archived from the original on 1 April 2003. Retrieved4 December 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  10. ^"Department of the Navy, Office of the General Counsel (DON-OGC) – OGC History". Archived fromthe original on 24 July 2007. Retrieved23 September 2007.
  11. ^Joseph HewesArchived 10 May 2013 at theWayback Machine. Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Naval Historical and Heritage Command.
  12. ^Benson J. Lossing.Household History for All ReadersArchived 30 June 2016 at theWayback Machine. 1877. Republished in Our Country vol. 2
  13. ^abcdStaff reporter (29 December 2005)."Acting Deputy Defense Secretary Relinquishes Top Navy Post". American Forces Press Service.Archived from the original on 27 May 2009. Retrieved18 May 2009.Navy Undersecretary Dionel M. Aviles will serve as acting Navy secretary effective today. Donald Winter, who was confirmed by the Senate last month, will be sworn in as the 74th secretary of the Navy on Jan. 3.
  14. ^abc"Navy Secretary Departs Office" (Press release). United States Department of Defense. 13 March 2009.Archived from the original on 9 May 2009. Retrieved18 May 2009.The 74th Secretary of the Navy, Donald C. Winter, resigned his office today as planned. Winter had agreed to remain in office until March 13, 2009, to ease the transition of the Department of Defense. [...] BJ Penn will be the acting Secretary of the Navy until the Senate confirms a nominee chosen by President Barack Obama.
  15. ^Staff reporter (19 May 2005)."Mabus Sworn in as New Navy Secretary". NNS.Archived from the original on 27 May 2009. Retrieved20 May 2009.Ray Mabus, former Mississippi governor and U.S. ambassador to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, was sworn in May 19 as the 75th secretary of the Navy. (Archived by WebCite atWebCite)
  16. ^"Kenneth Braithwaite Sworn in as Secretary of the Navy".USNI News. 29 May 2020.Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved30 May 2020.

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toUnited States Secretaries of the Navy.
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Secretary of the Army:Daniel P. Driscoll
Secretary of the Navy:John Phelan
Secretary of the Air Force:Troy Meink
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
GenDan Caine,USAF
Under secretaries of defense for

Acquisition and Sustainment:Michael P. Duffey
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Under Secretary of the Army:Michael Obadal
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Chief of Staff of the Army: GENRandy A. George
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