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United States Secretary of the Interior

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Head of the United States Department of the Interior

United States Secretary of the Interior
Seal of the Department of the Interior
Flag of the secretary
Incumbent Doug Burgum since February 1, 2025
United States Department of the Interior
Style	Mr. Secretary (informal) The Honorable (formal)
Member of	Cabinet
Reports to	President of the United States
Seat	Washington, D.C.
Appointer	Thepresident withSenate advice and consent
Term length	No fixed term
Constituting instrument	43 U.S.C. § 1451
Formation	March 3, 1849; 176 years ago (1849-03-03)
First holder	Thomas Ewing
Succession	Eighth^[1]
Deputy	United States Deputy Secretary of the Interior
Salary	Executive Schedule, Level I
Website	doi.gov

TheUnited States secretary of the interior is the head of theUnited States Department of the Interior. The secretary and the Department of the Interior are responsible for the management and conservation of mostfederal land along withnatural resources, leading such agencies as theBureau of Land Management, theUnited States Geological Survey, theBureau of Indian Affairs and theNational Park Service. The secretary also serves on and appoints the private citizens on theNational Park Foundation Board. The secretary is a member of theUnited States Cabinet and reports to thepresident of the United States. The function of the U.S. Department of the Interior is different from that of theinterior minister designated in many other countries.

As the policies and activities of the Department of the Interior and many of its agencies have a substantial impact in theWestern United States,^[2] the secretary of the interior has typically come from a western state; only one secretary since 1949,Rogers Morton, was not a resident or native of a state lying west of theMississippi River.

Secretary of the Interior is aLevel I position in the Executive Schedule,^[3] thus earning a salary ofUS$246,400, as of January 2024.^[4]

The current interior secretary isDoug Burgum, who was sworn in on February 1, 2025.

Line of succession

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The line of succession for the secretary of the interior is as follows:^[5]

Deputy Secretary of the Interior
Solicitor of the Interior
Assistant Secretary for Policy, Management and Budget
Assistant Secretary for Land and Minerals Management
Assistant Secretary for Water and Science
Assistant Secretary for Fish, Wildlife and Parks
Assistant Secretary for Indian Affairs
Director, Security, Safety, and Law Enforcement,Bureau of Reclamation
Central Region Director,US Geological Survey
Intermountain Regional Director,National Park Service
Region 6 (Mountain-Prairie Region) Director,US Fish and Wildlife Service
Colorado State Director,Bureau of Land Management
Regional Solicitor, Rocky Mountain Region

List of secretaries of the interior

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Parties

Whig (3) Democratic (17) Republican (34)

Status

Denotesacting Secretary of the Interior

Number	Name	State of residence	Took office	Left office
1	Thomas Ewing	Ohio	March 8, 1849	July 22, 1850	Zachary Taylor (1849–1850)
1	Thomas Ewing	Ohio	March 8, 1849	July 22, 1850	Millard Fillmore (1850–1853)
2	Thomas McKennan	Pennsylvania	August 15, 1850	August 26, 1850
3	Alexander Stuart	Virginia	September 14, 1850	March 7, 1853
4	Robert McClelland	Michigan	March 8, 1853	March 9, 1857	Franklin Pierce (1853–1857)
5	Jacob Thompson	Mississippi	March 10, 1857	January 8, 1861	James Buchanan (1857–1861)
6	Caleb Smith	Indiana	March 5, 1861	December 31, 1862	Abraham Lincoln (1861–1865)
7	John Usher	Indiana	January 1, 1863	May 15, 1865	Abraham Lincoln (1861–1865)
7	John Usher	Indiana	January 1, 1863	May 15, 1865	Andrew Johnson (1865–1869)
8	James Harlan	Iowa	May 16, 1865	August 31, 1866
9	Orville Browning	Illinois	September 1, 1866	March 4, 1869
10	Jacob Cox	Ohio	March 5, 1869	October 31, 1870	Ulysses S. Grant (1869–1877)
11	Columbus Delano	Ohio	November 1, 1870	September 30, 1875
12	Zachariah Chandler	Michigan	October 19, 1875	March 11, 1877
13	Carl Schurz	Missouri	March 12, 1877	March 7, 1881	Rutherford B. Hayes (1887–1881)
14	Samuel J. Kirkwood	Iowa	March 8, 1881	April 17, 1882	James A. Garfield (1881)
14	Samuel J. Kirkwood	Iowa	March 8, 1881	April 17, 1882	Chester A. Arthur (1881–1885)
15	Henry M. Teller	Colorado	April 18, 1882	March 3, 1885	Chester A. Arthur (1881–1885)
16	Lucius Lamar	Mississippi	March 6, 1885	January 10, 1888	Grover Cleveland (1885–1889)
17	William Vilas	Wisconsin	January 16, 1888	March 6, 1889	Grover Cleveland (1885–1889)
18	John Noble	Missouri	March 7, 1889	March 6, 1893	Benjamin Harrison (1889–1893)
19	Hoke Smith	Georgia	March 6, 1893	September 1, 1896	Grover Cleveland (1893–1897)
20	David R. Francis	Missouri	September 3, 1896	March 5, 1897	Grover Cleveland (1893–1897)
21	Cornelius Bliss	New York	March 6, 1897	February 19, 1899	William McKinley (1897–1901)
22	Ethan Hitchcock	Missouri	February 20, 1899	March 4, 1907	William McKinley (1897–1901)
22	Ethan Hitchcock	Missouri	February 20, 1899	March 4, 1907	Theodore Roosevelt (1901–1909)
23	James Garfield	Ohio	March 5, 1907	March 4, 1909	Theodore Roosevelt (1901–1909)
24	Richard A. Ballinger	Washington	March 6, 1909	March 12, 1911	William Howard Taft (1909–1913)
25	Walter L. Fisher	Illinois	March 13, 1911	March 5, 1913	William Howard Taft (1909–1913)
26	Franklin Lane	California	March 6, 1913	February 29, 1920	Woodrow Wilson (1913–1921)
–	Alexander T. Vogelsang Acting	California	February 29, 1920	March 13, 1920
27	John Payne	Illinois	March 15, 1920	March 4, 1921
28	Albert B. Fall	New Mexico	March 5, 1921	March 4, 1923	Warren G. Harding (1921–1923)
29	Hubert Work	Colorado	March 5, 1923	July 24, 1928	Warren G. Harding (1921–1923)
29	Hubert Work	Colorado	March 5, 1923	July 24, 1928	Calvin Coolidge (1923–1929)
30	Roy West	Illinois	July 25, 1928	March 4, 1929	Calvin Coolidge (1923–1929)
31	Ray Lyman Wilbur	California	March 5, 1929	March 4, 1933	Herbert Hoover (1929–1933)
32	Harold L. Ickes	Illinois	March 4, 1933	February 15, 1946	Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945)
32	Harold L. Ickes	Illinois	March 4, 1933	February 15, 1946	Harry S. Truman (1945–1953)
–	Oscar L. Chapman Acting	Colorado	February 15, 1946	March 18, 1946
33	Julius Krug	Wisconsin	March 18, 1946	December 1, 1949
34	Oscar L. Chapman	Colorado	December 1, 1949	January 20, 1953
35	Douglas McKay	Oregon	January 21, 1953	April 15, 1956	Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953–1961)
–	Clarence Davis Acting	Nebraska	April 15, 1956	June 8, 1956
36	Fred Seaton	Nebraska	June 8, 1956	January 20, 1961
37	Stewart Udall	Arizona	January 21, 1961	January 20, 1969	John F. Kennedy (1961–1963)
37	Stewart Udall	Arizona	January 21, 1961	January 20, 1969	Lyndon B. Johnson (1963–1969)
38	Wally Hickel	Alaska	January 24, 1969	November 25, 1970	Richard Nixon (1969–1974)
–	Fred J. Russell Acting	California	November 25, 1970	January 29, 1971
39	Rogers Morton	Maryland	January 29, 1971	April 30, 1975
39	Rogers Morton	Maryland	January 29, 1971	April 30, 1975	Gerald Ford (1974–1977)
–	Kent Frizzell Acting	Kansas	April 30, 1975	June 12, 1975
40	Stanley K. Hathaway	Wyoming	June 12, 1975	October 9, 1975
–	Kent Frizzell Acting	Kansas	October 9, 1975	October 17, 1975
41	Thomas S. Kleppe	North Dakota	October 17, 1975	January 20, 1977
–	Alfred Albert Acting		January 20, 1977	January 23, 1977	Jimmy Carter (1977–1981)
42	Cecil D. Andrus	Idaho	January 23, 1977	January 20, 1981	Jimmy Carter (1977–1981)
43	James G. Watt	Colorado	January 23, 1981	November 8, 1983	Ronald Reagan (1981–1989)
–	J. J. Simmons Acting	New Jersey	November 8, 1983	November 18, 1983
44	William P. Clark	California	November 18, 1983	February 7, 1985
45	Donald P. Hodel	Oregon	February 8, 1985	January 20, 1989
–	Earl Gjelde Acting	Virginia	January 20, 1989	February 3, 1989	George H. W. Bush (1989–1993)
46	Manuel Lujan Jr.	New Mexico	February 3, 1989	January 20, 1993	George H. W. Bush (1989–1993)
47	Bruce Babbitt	Arizona	January 22, 1993	January 19, 2001	Bill Clinton (1993–2001)
–	Thomas Slonaker Acting	Arizona	January 20, 2001	January 31, 2001	Bill Clinton (1993–2001)
–	Thomas Slonaker Acting	Arizona	January 20, 2001	January 31, 2001	George W. Bush (2001–2009)
48	Gale Norton	Colorado	January 31, 2001	March 31, 2006
–	Lynn Scarlett Acting	California	April 1, 2006	May 26, 2006
49	Dirk Kempthorne	Idaho	May 26, 2006	January 19, 2009
–	Lynn Scarlett Acting	California	January 19, 2009	January 20, 2009
–	Lynn Scarlett Acting	California	January 19, 2009	January 20, 2009	Barack Obama (2009–2017)
50	Ken Salazar	Colorado	January 20, 2009	April 12, 2013
51	Sally Jewell	Washington	April 12, 2013^[6]	January 20, 2017
–	Kevin Haugrud Acting		January 20, 2017	March 1, 2017	Donald Trump (2017–2021)
52	Ryan Zinke	Montana	March 1, 2017	January 2, 2019
53	David Bernhardt	Colorado	January 2, 2019	April 11, 2019
53	David Bernhardt	Colorado	April 11, 2019	January 20, 2021
–	Scott de la Vega Acting	New York	January 20, 2021	March 16, 2021	Joe Biden (2021–2025)
54	Deb Haaland	New Mexico	March 16, 2021	January 20, 2025	Joe Biden (2021–2025)
–	Walter Cruickshank Acting		January 20, 2025	February 1, 2025	Donald Trump (2025–present)
55	Doug Burgum	North Dakota	February 1, 2025	present	Donald Trump (2025–present)

References

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^"3 U.S. Code § 19 – Vacancy in offices of both President and Vice President; officers eligible to act".Legal Information Institute.
^Lowery, Courtney (December 17, 2008)."Salazar, Vilsack: The West's New Land Lords".New West. Archived fromthe original on December 20, 2008.
^5 U.S.C. § 5312
^"Rates of Basic Pay for the Executive Schedule"(PDF).Office of Personnel Management. January 1, 2024. RetrievedJune 13, 2024.
^"Chapter 3: Secretarial Succession".Electronic Library of the Interior Policies. September 3, 2004. RetrievedOctober 30, 2016.
^"About Secretary Jewell".U.S. Department of the Interior. Archived fromthe original on June 8, 2013. RetrievedMay 23, 2013.

External links

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Official website
Utley, Robert M.; Mackintosh, Barry (1989)."The Department of Everything Else: Highlights of Interior History". National Park Service. Archived fromthe original on March 28, 2006.

U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by Pam Bondi asAttorney General	Order of precedence of the United States as Secretary of the Interior	Succeeded by Brooke Rollins asSecretary of Agriculture
U.S. presidential line of succession
Preceded by Attorney General Pam Bondi	8th in line	Succeeded by Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins

Links to related articles

v t e United States secretaries of the interior
Ewing McKennan Stuart McClelland Thompson C. Smith Usher Harlan Browning Cox Delano Chandler Schurz Kirkwood Teller Lamar Vilas Noble H. Smith Francis Bliss Hitchcock Garfield Ballinger Fisher Lane Payne Fall Work West Wilbur Ickes Krug Chapman McKay Seaton Udall Hickel Morton Hathaway Kleppe Andrus Watt Clark Hodel Lujan Babbitt Norton Kempthorne Salazar Jewell Zinke Bernhardt Haaland Burgum

v t e United States Department of the Interior
Headquarters:Main Interior Building Doug Burgum,Secretary of the Interior Vacant,Deputy Secretary of the Interior
Bureau of Indian Affairs Bureau of Indian Education Bureau of Land Management Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement Bureau of Reclamation Bureau of Trust Funds Administration National Indian Gaming Commission National Park Service Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement United States Fish and Wildlife Service United States Geological Survey Office of the Assistant Secretary for Insular and International Affairs Office of the Solicitor Office of Natural Resources Revenue Central Utah Project Completion Act Office Indian Arts and Crafts Board National Invasive Species Council

v t e Leaders of theUnited States federal executive departments
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Past	Commerce and Labor Health, Education, and Welfare Navy Post Office War

United States presidential line of succession

Succession Clause of Article II, Section I (1788)
12th Amendment (1804)
20th Amendment (1933)
25th Amendment (1967)
Presidential Succession Act

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