United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation Pertubuhan Pasok-Momogun Kadazan Bersatu | |
|---|---|
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| Abbreviation | UPKO |
| Leader | Fuad Stephens |
| Founder | Fuad Stephens |
| Founded | June 1964 |
| Dissolved | 28 December 1967 |
| Merger of | Reunite ofUnited Pasok Momogun Organisation (UPMO) to form United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation (UPKO) - 1964 |
| Split from | Breakaway ofUnited Pasok Momogun Organisation (UPMO) - 1962 |
| Preceded by | Formation ofUnited National Kadazan Organisation (UNKO) - 1961 |
| Succeeded by | Consolidation intoUnited Sabah National Organisation (USNO) - 1967 |
| National affiliation | Sabah Alliance (1963-1967) |
| This article is part ofa series on the |
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TheUnited Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation (Malay:Pertubuhan Pasok-Momogun Kadazan Bersatu;abbrev:UPKO) was aKadazan-Dusun-Murut (KDM) based political party inNorth Borneo and laterSabah at the time it became a state ofMalaysia in the 1960s.[1][2]
The party was initially started as theUnited National Kadazan Organisation (UNKO) which was founded byDonald Stephens andPeter Joinod Mojuntin in 1961, with its core constituency of indigenous Sabahans.[3] UNKO modeled afterUnited Malays National Organisation (UMNO) inMalaya; was the first indigenous party in Sabah formed to represent the interests of theKadazandusun community in Sabah. At the time of its founding it had approximately 20,000 members.[4]
The new party UNKO has members which does not support the "Malaysia project" and disagrees with Donald Stephens, hence they split to form a new group led by G. S. Sundang going on to form theUnited Pasok Momogun Organisation (UPMO) in January 1962.[3]
Upon the formation of Malaysia in 1963, UNKO entered into aSabah Alliance coalition with theUnited Sabah National Organisation (USNO), a Muslim party, and theSabah Chinese Association (SCA) to form aconsociationalism newGovernment of Sabah;[3] with its president Stephens became the state's firstChief Minister.[4] In May 1964, the breakaway UPMO party, eventually reunited with its parent party.[1] The merger saw UNKO renamed itself as the United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation (UPKO) in June 1964.[2]
After Stephens was forced out of the chief ministership in 1964 and became a federal minister.,[5] the party was dissolved on 28 December 1967 and absorbed intoUnited Sabah National Organisation (USNO).[2][6]
| Election | Total seats won | Seats contested | Total votes | Share of votes | Outcome of election | Election leader |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1964 (UNKO) | 5 / 159 | 13 | appointed by Legislative Assembly |  5 seats;Governing coalition | Donald Stephens |
| State election | State Legislative Assembly | |
|---|---|---|
| Sabah | Total won / Total contested | |
| 2/3 majority | 2 / 3 | |
| 1967 | 12 / 32 | 12 / 24 |
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