Cambodia កម្ពុជា (Khmer) | |||||||||||
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| 1992–1993 | |||||||||||
| Anthem: Song of the Paris Peace AgreementAnthem of the People's Republic of Kampuchea | |||||||||||
 Location of Cambodia inSoutheast Asia. | |||||||||||
| Status | Independent state under United Nations administration | ||||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Phnom Penh | ||||||||||
| Common languages | Khmer | ||||||||||
| Special Representative of the Secretary General | |||||||||||
• 1992–1993 | Yasushi Akashi | ||||||||||
| Chairman of the Supreme National Council | |||||||||||
• 1992–1993 | Norodom Sihanouk | ||||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||||
• 1992–1993 | Hun Sen | ||||||||||
• 1993 | Norodom Ranariddh | ||||||||||
| Historical era | Aftermaths ofThird Indochina War and first phase ofCambodian conflict | ||||||||||
| 23 October 1991 | |||||||||||
| 28 February 1992 | |||||||||||
| 23 May 1993 | |||||||||||
| 24 September 1993 | |||||||||||
| Currency | Riel (៛) (KHR) | ||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+07:00 (ICT) | ||||||||||
| Calling code | +855 | ||||||||||
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Between 28 February 1992 and 24 September 1993Cambodia was administered by theUnited Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) under the terms of the1991 Paris Peace Agreements which ended theCambodian–Vietnamese War.
This was the first time the United Nationsdirectly assumed responsibility for the administration of an independentmember state.
TheKingdom of Cambodia became independent fromFrance on 9 November 1953. The monarchy was overthrown in acoup d'état on 18 March 1970 leading to the formation of theKhmer Republic. TheKhmer Rougecame to power on 17 April 1975 resulting in the country becoming known asDemocratic Kampuchea. Between 1975 and 1979, the Khmer Rouge's regime killed millions of its own people through mass executions, forced labour, and starvation, is what came to be known as theCambodian genocide. The Khmer Rouge were overthrown on 7 January 1979 following theVietnamese invasion of Cambodia. Arival government, thePeople's Republic of Kampuchea, was subsequently proclaimed by Vietnamese occupation forces, however the previous regime, which would become theCoalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea in 1982, continued to be recognised by the United Nations as the legitimate government of Cambodia. TheParis Peace Accords were signed in October 1991 to end the ongoing conflicts in Cambodia. TheUnited Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) was established following the adoption ofResolution 745 by theSecurity Council on 28 February 1992.[1]
The Paris Peace Agreement specified the system of administration in Cambodia during the transitional period.
The Supreme National Council (SNC) as the sovereign body of Cambodia, represented the country externally and occupied its seat at the United Nations.Norodom Sihanouk was the chairman of the SNC. The SNC allowed its authority over all administrative agencies, bodies and offices acting in foreign affairs, national defence, finance, public security and information to be exercised by UNTAC on its behalf.[2][3]
AConstituent Assembly waselected on 28 May 1992.Prince Ranariddh'sFUNCINPEC Party was the top vote recipient with a 45.5% vote, followed byHun Sen'sCambodian People's Party and the Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party, respectively. FUNCINPEC then entered into a coalition with the other parties that had participated in the election.[4] The parties proceeded to draft and approve anew constitution, which came into effect on 24 September 1993. It established a multiparty democracy in the framework of a constitutional monarchy, with Prince Sihanouk elevated to King. Prince Ranariddh and Hun Sen became First and Second Prime Ministers, respectively in the new Cambodian government.[4]Son Sann was the speaker of the assembly.
| Party | MPs | Of total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FUNCINPEC | 58 | 48.33% | |
| Cambodian People's Party | 51 | 42.50% | |
| Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party | 10 | 8.33% | |
| MOULINAKA | 1 | 0.83% | |
| Total | 120 | 100% | |
Yasushi Akashi ofJapan served as theSpecial Representative of the Secretary General for Cambodia
| Portrait | Name | Term of office | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||
 | Yasushi Akashi | 28 February 1992 | 24 September 1993 | 1 year, 208 days |
PrinceNorodom Sihanouk became Chairman of the Supreme National Council on 17 July 1991 (and Head of State on 20 November 1991, six days after returning from abroad), retaining the position after the establishment of UNTAC in February 1992, and was appointed Chief of State by the Constituent Assembly on 14 June 1993. He would becomeKing of Cambodia on 24 September 1993.
| Portrait | Name | Term of office | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||
.jpg) | Prince Norodom Sihanouk | 28 February 1992 | 24 September 1993 | 1 year, 208 days |
Hun Sen who had been prime minister of the People's Republic of Kampuchea since 1984 remained prime minister of Cambodia after the formation of UNTAC and was appointed as one of two co-prime ministers, together with PrinceNorodom Ranariddh, by the Constituent Assembly on 2 July 1993.
| Portrait | Name | Term of office | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||
 | Hun Sen | 28 February 1992 | 24 September 1993 | 1 year, 208 days |
 | Prince Norodom Ranariddh | 2 July 1993 | 24 September 1993 | 84 days |
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