Union Station Erie, PA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Location | 125 West 14th Street Erie, Pennsylvania United States | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordinates | 42°07′15″N80°04′55″W / 42.1209°N 80.0820°W /42.1209; -80.0820 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Owned by | Logistics Plus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Line | Lake Shore Subdivision | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Platforms | 2island platforms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tracks | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Connections |  Erie Metropolitan Transit Authority: 20A | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parking | 5 short-term, 5 long-term | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accessible | Yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Architect | Alfred T. Fellheimer,Steward Wagner | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Architectural style | Art Deco | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Station code | Amtrak:ERI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| History | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opened | December 3, 1927 (1927-12-03) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rebuilt | 2003 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Passengers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FY 2025 | 18,294[1] (Amtrak) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Services | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Union Station is anAmtrakrailroad station and mixed-use commercial building in downtownErie, Pennsylvania, United States. It is served by theLake Shore Limited route, which provides daily passenger service betweenChicago and (via two sections east ofAlbany)New York City orBoston; Erie is the train's only stop in Pennsylvania. The station's ground floor has been redeveloped into commercial spaces, including The Brewerie at Union Station, abrewpub. The building itself is privately owned by the globallogistics and freight management company Logistics Plus and serves as its headquarters.
The first railroad station in Erie was established in 1851 but was replaced with theRomanesque Revival-style Union Depot in 1866. Through a series of mergers and acquisitions by competing railroad companies which started not long after the establishment of Erie'sfirst railroads, Union Depot became jointly owned and operated by theNew York Central andPennsylvania railroads. To meet the changing needs of the rapidly growing city, planners designed a more modern structure to replace the original depot. The newArt Deco Union Station, dedicated on December 3, 1927, was the first railroad station of that style in the United States.
While Union Station was busy from its opening and throughWorld War II, passenger rail service began to dwindle after the war when air and highway travel became more popular. By the 1960s, the New York Central drastically cut service, while the Pennsylvania abandoned service to Erie altogether. Both railroads were merged in 1968 to formPenn Central, and passenger rail was transferred from Penn Central to Amtrak in 1971. At one point, from 1972 to 1975, even Amtrak service in Erie was suspended. With reduced demand for train travel, Union Station was neglected and allowed to decay until Logistics Plus bought it in 2003. Since then it has been restored, with portions re-purposed as commercial and retail space.
Union Station is in downtown Erie on West 14th Street between Peach and Sassafras Streets. Designed by architectsAlfred T. Fellheimer andSteward Wagner, it was the firstArt Deco railroad station to be designed and built in the United States.[2][3] Previously, Fellheimer had been influential in the design ofGrand Central Terminal in New York City, and both architects collaborated on several railroad stations for theNew York Central Railroad, includingBuffalo Central Terminal in 1929 andCincinnati Union Terminal in 1933.[4]
The main building of Erie's Union Station, three stories tall, is of steel and masonry construction. The entire exterior is clad in "rough brown" brick and sandstone layered in aFlemish bond, trimmed interracotta, and lined with granite at the ground level.[5][6] The main station building has afrontage of 116 feet (35 m) along Peach Street and 206 feet (63 m) on 14th Street; a narrow two-story extension continues another 403 feet (123 m) towards Sassafras before terminating at a small, attached office building.[7] The extension eased the transfer of mail, baggage, and freight between trains and street level while the offices of the freight company were housed in the attached building at the Sassafras Street end of the station complex.[7]
When the station initially opened, entrances from 14th Street opened into a large, octagonal rotunda where ticket offices, checked baggage, and a newsstand were located. As the railroad tracks aregrade separated behind Union Station, the platforms are accessed by apedestrian tunnel under the tracks with stairs that lead to the platforms. The tunnel entrance is directly across the rotunda from the street entrance—a portion of which is now used as the kitchen for a brewpub housed inside the station. The concourse, off the rotunda, led to the Peach Street entrances, and contained space for a soda fountain, a barber shop, and telegraph offices, as well as access to the station's 111-by-35-foot (34 m × 11 m) waiting room. Facing Peach Street, a dining room and lunch counter run by the Union News Company, which operated the majority of the dining services in New York Central stations, were at the opposite end of Union Station from the rotunda.[8][9] The entire ground floor was laid withterrazzo featuring a mosaic border andBotticino marblepaneling along the plaster walls.[9] A green and tan color scheme was originally used throughout the entire building.[5] Superintendents for both the New York Central and Pennsylvania railroads, as well as other railroad officials, had offices on the second floor of Union Station.[9]
The station's low-level, concrete platforms are approximately 450 feet (137 m) long covered by steel, "butterfly-style" canopies with wooden roof decking.[2] New York Central made use of four tracks situated on two island platforms; thePennsylvania Railroad used two tracks on a single island platform. A network of tunnels beneath the station facilitated the transfer of mail to and from the former Griswold Plaza Post Office nearby. Abomb shelter, still stocked with cases of "U.S. Civil Defense All-PurposeSurvival Crackers" from the early 1960s, is next to the station'sboiler room and its three coal-fed furnaces.[10][11]
During the 1840s and 1850s, a flurry of railroad-building activity led to the completion of four separate railroads converging in Erie. Abreak of gauge between thefirst two railroads—the Erie and North East Railroad and the Franklin Canal Company—ensured that the citizens of Erie profited from the delays necessary to transfer cargo between the lines.[12] When it was proposed in 1853 to standardize thetrack gauge to allow through traffic, a conflict that became known as theErie Gauge War ensued. The residents of Erie, who saw it as an affront to their desire that the city become a major lake port, dismantled railroad bridges and tore up railroad tracks in the city in an effort to prevent the impending standardization.[13] As part of the dispute's settlement, both railroads provided financial support for the construction of theErie and Pittsburgh and Sunbury and Erie railroads.[14] TheCleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula Railroad acquired the Franklin Canal Company in 1854, and the Erie and North East was merged with the Buffalo and State Line to form the Buffalo and Erie Railroad a few years later.[15] The Sunbury and Erie was renamed thePhiladelphia and Erie Railroad in 1861.[16] The Pennsylvania Railroad soon acquired the Sunbury and Erie through a999-year lease and funded completion of the line by 1864.[17]
The first railroad station in Erie was built in 1851 and consisted of a "clumsy looking" or "rude brick structure".[15][18] President-electAbraham Lincoln addressed a crowd outside of this station on February 16, 1861, while traveling toWashington, D.C. forhis inauguration.[19] Construction on a new station was started in early 1865 as a joint venture between the Cleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula and the Buffalo and Erie railroads, and was completed in February 1866.[20] Both the Erie and Pittsburgh and the Philadelphia and Erie railroads also leased portions of the new station for their services.[15] In addition to the leased space, the Philadelphia and Erie continued to maintain a freight station on State Street belowHamot Hospital for several years afterward.[14]
The station, known as Union Depot, consisted of a brickRomanesque Revival structure facing Peach Street between two sets of railroad tracks. It stood 40 feet (10 m) tall, topped with a distinctivecupola, and its platforms extended 480 feet (150 m) towards Sassafras Street along both sides of the depot.[20] The depot was equipped with the modern amenities of the day including outdoorgas lighting, a barber shop, gentleman's and ladies'parlors, and a dining room; the second floor contained offices and sleeping quarters for railroad officials.[21]
The Cleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula became theLake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway in 1869, and absorbed the Buffalo and Erie Railroad later that year.[15] The Pennsylvania Railroad leased the Erie and Pittsburgh for 999 years in 1870.[22] On March 5, 1902, nearly 10,000 people turned out at Union Depot to greetPrince Henry of Prussia during his tour of the United States; the prince remained in Erie for approximately 10 minutes before his train continued to Buffalo andNiagara Falls, New York.[23][24] On December 22, 1914, the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railroad was merged with the New York Central.[25]
In 1913, the city of Erie appointed a committee of city planners and civil engineers led byJohn Nolen that was tasked with determining the best course of action to support the continued growth of the city.[26] In its final report, the committee recommended, among other civic improvements, that "for the improvement of the railroad facilities in Erie" a new Union Station be constructed, as well as the "abolition of all [railroad] crossings".[27] At the time, the only streets in Erie where the railroad was grade separated were State, French, and Ash Streets, and Buffalo Road, while the remainder hadlevel crossings.[28] The committee felt it was desirable that, on account of Erie's topography and the existing railroadgrades, the tracks be raised in the downtown to accommodate new roadway underpasses.[28] The city signed an agreement on September 30, 1915, with the New York Central and the Pennsylvania railroads to eliminate every level crossing between Ash and Cascade Streets through the construction of bridges or the closing of the streets.[29] As compensation, both railroads pledged to replace Union Depot with a new station.[29]
The work to re-grade and install drainage on Peach and Sassafras Streets coincided with the building of the station from 1925 to 1927, and cost the city approximately $110,000 (equivalent to $1.99 million in 2024).[30][31] A temporary station was also erected at 14th and French Streets, and was used after the old Union Depot was demolished in 1925 until the completion of the new station.[20][32] Union Station was dedicated on December 3, 1927, in a ceremony presided over by the presidents of the New York Central and Pennsylvania railroads, themayor of Erie Joseph Williams, and former mayor William Stern who helped initiate the project.[32] The Griswold Plaza Post Office, on the north side of 14th Street, opened in 1932 along with the tunnel connecting it to Union Station.[6]
When service from Union Station was inaugurated in 1928, both eastbound and westbound trains were departing the station almost every hour bound for destinations across the United States.[33] Passengers in the station's expansive waiting room could patronize its news stand, telegraph office, barber shop, shoeshine stand, or its lunch counter and soda fountain.[32] Train schedules were handwritten on a large blackboard, while station staff announced the arrival and impending departures of the trains by megaphone.[33]
In the 1930s, the New York Central provided the majority of the service in Erie with over 20 trains daily, including theoriginalLake Shore Limited and theNew England States.[34] The famed20th Century Limited, however, passed through Union Station nightly without stopping. Union Station was on the New York Central'smain line, often referred to as the "Water Level Route", with trains that traveled west to Cleveland,Toledo and Chicago, and east to Buffalo, New York City, and Boston.[34] The New York Central also had thePittsburgh-Buffalo Express and other service from Erie, toAshtabula, then via a branch line toYoungstown, Ohio, along thePittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad.[35] The NYC'sSouthwestern Limited went southwest toSt. Louis. The company'sOhio State Limited went southwest toCincinnati.
Conversely, the Pennsylvania Railroad ran only a few trains from Erie—mainly theNorthern andSouthern Expresses toWiliamsport,Harrisburg, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C., as well as a daily train toPittsburgh.[36]
The Bliley Electric Company, a manufacturer ofcrystal oscillators used in radio transmitters and receivers, moved from 8th and Peach Streets to space on the second floor of Union Station in 1933.[37] Despite the possibility that soot and vibrations from passing locomotives could cause calibration problems for Bliley's quartz crystals, Union Station's proximity to the railroad provided "efficient transfers of [the] heavy crystal stock from the train to the [crystal] slicing department."[38] Bliley Electric soon grew to occupy the entire second and third floors of the station.[39] DuringWorld War II, the company operated 24 hours a day and employed local women to grind and fashion the crystals; the crystals used in the operation were stockpiled in the rail yard, where it and the entire complex were guarded by soldiers withGreat Danes.[40] Bliley Electric eventually moved its entire operation to a larger, purpose-built facility in 1966.[39]
| Year | Pass. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 7,957 | — |
| 2004 | 8,254 | +3.7% |
| 2005 | 8,690 | +5.3% |
| 2006 | 8,371 | −3.7% |
| 2007 | 10,182 | +21.6% |
| 2008 | 11,855 | +16.4% |
| 2009 | 12,668 | +6.9% |
| 2010 | 14,833 | +17.1% |
| 2011 | 15,859 | +6.9% |
| 2012 | 17,794 | +12.2% |
| 2013 | 18,108 | +1.8% |
| 2014 | 18,312 | +1.1% |
| 2015 | 16,633 | −9.2% |
| 2016 | 16,273 | −2.2% |
| 2017 | 16,766 | +3.0% |
| 2018 | 14,974 | −10.7% |
| 2019 | 15,573 | +4.0% |
| 2020 | 10,175 | −34.7% |
| 2021 | 9,001 | −11.5% |
| Source: Amtrak | ||
The post-war boom in automobile travel and the construction of theInterstate Highway System, as well as competition fromcommercial airlines, led to the decline of passenger rail.[41] The Pennsylvania Railroad eliminated passenger service between Erie and Pittsburgh in April 1948.[42] It eventually ended through service to Philadelphia, requiring passengers to transfer inEmporium, Pennsylvania, and discontinued service from Erie altogether on March 27, 1965.[43] By 1968, the number of New York Central trains was also reduced to five per day.[41] The two railroads were merged on February 1, 1968, and formed thePenn Central Transportation Company. Penn Central continued to run the former New York Central passenger trains, until the last departed Union Station on April 30, 1971.[44] The newly created National Passenger Rail Corporation, more commonly known asAmtrak, took over nationwide passenger rail operations the next day.[45] Amtrak continued to operate a New York-to-Chicago train until January 1972, theLake Shore, which had a station stop in Erie starting in November 1971. However, the poor condition of the track between Buffalo and Chicago, as well as the service's general lack of profitability, led to theLake Shore's demise.[46][47] Erie remained devoid of any passenger rail service until Amtrak reintroduced the former New York Central train, theLake Shore Limited, on November 30, 1975.[48]
During that time, upkeep of Union Station became neglected by the railroads, and the station gradually deteriorated from its heyday. The presence of dirt, trash, and human waste were a normal occurrence at the station.[33][41][49] At one point, in 1973, thePennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry ordered Penn Central to close Union Station citing "sanitary reasons"; at the time, it was only used by the crews of its freight trains.[50] In the winter, the station often became an "unsanctioned shelter" for the homeless, who burned the station's wooden doors for heat.[49][51] The few passengers that did travel by train were often reluctant to use Amtrak's makeshift waiting room in the station rotunda, due to the unsettling sights and fear of being accosted.[49][52] Penn Central persisted with freight service until it declared bankruptcy and became a part ofConrail on April 1, 1976.[53] Conrail, in turn, was dismantled on June 6, 1998, and the former New York Central rail lines were transferred to CSX, andNorfolk Southern Railway gained control of the former Pennsylvania lines.[53]
On October 30, 2003, Erie-basedlogistics and transportation firm Logistics Plus purchased Union Station for $1.5 million (equivalent to $2.56 million in 2024).[30][54] The company renovated the station's third floor and part of the second floor for use as its corporate headquarters, thus restoring a landmark and revitalizing the surrounding neighborhood. The chief executive officer of Logistics Plus, Jim Berlin, observed that the building's transportation motif made the building ideal. "[T]hough Union Station will never be the center of transportation again," he said, "it can be a place from which transportation—global transportation—can be managed".[2][3] The original proposed plan included revamping Union Station into an urban, mixed-use development with retail spaces, apedestrian mall and a museum similar to Pittsburgh'sStation Square.[51] In May 2007, Logistics Plus lined theparapet of Union Station with 50 flags symbolizing the locations it does business in and the home countries of its employees.[55][56]
Since the 1990s, Union Station has also been "an incubator of Erie's modern [beer] brewing" starting with the brewpub Hoppers, which operated in the station from 1994 to 1999. When Hoppers relocated and became a full production brewery under the name ofErie Brewing Company, Porters, a fine dining restaurant and beer bar, opened in its place.[57] The Brewerie at Union Station took over the space, and opened in October 2006 after the closure of the restaurant earlier that year.[58] During the run-up to the2008 presidential election, Union Station was site of a "whistle-stop" byABC'sGood Morning America news team on a charter Amtrak train.Sam Champion,Chris Cuomo,Robin Roberts, andDiane Sawyer, the news anchors, interviewed local residents at the Brewerie about campaign issues.[59] TheGood Morning America stop lasted about 30 minutes, and the resulting television segment aired on September 18, 2008.[60][61]
As part of theAmerican Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, theFederal Railroad Administration identified ten regions for potential development ashigh-speed rail corridors—Erie lies in a gap near three corridors: theChicago Hub Network, theEmpire Corridor, and theKeystone Corridor.[62] The local passenger rail advocacy group, All Aboard Erie, proposed a feasibility study in 2014 for high-speed rail service to connect to the corridors at Cleveland and Buffalo.[63] The group also sought to determine if rail service would be possible using the existing tracks andright of way between Erie, Youngstown and Pittsburgh.[63]
.jpg)
Amtrak'sLake Shore Limited arrives at Union Station twice daily, westbound fromNew York Penn Station andBoston South Station, and eastbound fromChicago Union Station, with scheduled arrivals in the middle of the night and in the early morning, respectively, as of April 8, 2017[update].[64] Union Station is on theLake Shore Subdivision, theCSX Transportation main line from Erie toBuffalo, New York, at railroad milepost 86.9.[65] It is 436 miles (702 km) east of Chicago, 523 miles (842 km) west of New York City, and 723 miles (1,164 km) from Boston.[64] The next station west of Erie isCleveland, and eastbound isBuffalo–Depew.[64] The station was the 15th busiest in Pennsylvania duringfiscal year 2021 with an annual ridership of 9,001 passengers, a decrease of 11.5 percent from the previous year.[66][67]
Service on theLake Shore Limited consists of reservedcoach and business class seating, andViewlinersleeping accommodations.[64] As the Erie station is not equipped with a ticket office, nor Amtrak's Quik-Trak ticket machines, all tickets from the station have to be pre-paid.[68] The station is, however, equipped with a waiting room and public restrooms.[68] TheErie Metropolitan Transit Authority's Route 20A, thedowntown circulator, provides service between the station and downtown Erie.[69] The bus only operates, however, at the scheduled arrival time of the eastboundLake Shore Limited.[64][69]
Union Station serves as the corporate headquarters for Logistics Plus. It was formed in 1996 to manage domestic logistics forGE Transportation, the largest employer in Erie.[70] The company's offices were relocated fromJamestown, New York to the station in 2004.[71] Logistics Plus occupies the 16,000-square-foot (1,500 m2) third floor and 5,000 square feet (500 m2) of the second floor.[2] The rest of the building is leased out to a variety of tenants including Amtrak, the Brewerie, a hookah lounge, a wine shop, a hair salon, a banquet hall, and an art studio.[2][11]
The Brewerie at Union Station is amicrobrewery and restaurant—officially categorized as a "brewpub" by theBrewers Association—that operates out of Union Station.[72] The brewpub makes use of a portion of the station's ground floor and its octagonal rotunda.[73] In 2013, the Brewerie produced approximately 500 barrels of beer (15,500 gal; 59,000 L) from its 3.5-barrel (109 gal; 410 L) Price-Schonstrom brewing system.[73][74]
