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| Motto | Sous les lois de Minerve nous devenons tous frères et soeurs (French) |
|---|---|
Motto in English | Under the laws ofMinerva, we all become brothers and sisters[1] |
| Type | Privateliberal arts college |
| Established | February 25, 1795; 230 years ago (1795-02-25) |
Academic affiliations | |
| Endowment | $498 million (2023)[3] |
| President | Elizabeth Kiss |
Academic staff | 207 FT/ 20 PT (2023) |
| Undergraduates | 2,065 (2024)[4] |
| Location | , U.S. 42°49′02″N73°55′48″W / 42.81722°N 73.93000°W /42.81722; -73.93000 |
| Campus | Urban: 120 acres (49 ha), including 8 acres (3.2 ha) of formal gardens |
| Colors | Union garnet Black Gray[5] |
| Nickname | Garnet Chargers |
Sporting affiliations | NCAA Div I –ECAC Hockey Div III –Liberty League |
| Website | union.edu/ |
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Union College is aprivateliberal arts college inSchenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by theNew York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, afterColumbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", asthree ofthe earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there.[6][7][8] Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers aliberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, includingABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Chartered in 1795,[9] Union was the firstnon-denominational institution ofhigher education in the United States, and the second college established in theState of New York.
OnlyColumbia University, founded in 1754 as King's College,[10] had preceded Union in New York. Twenty-five years later impetus for another institution grew.[11]
Schenectady had been founded and populated by people originating from the Netherlands. With about 4,000 residents,[12] it was the third largest city in the state, afterNew York City andAlbany. The localDutch Reformed Church began to show an interest in establishing an academy or college under its auspices there. In 1778, it invited the Rev. Dirck Romeyn ofNew Jersey to visit.[13] Returning home, he authored a plan in 1782 for such an institution and was summoned two years later[14] to come help found it.
The Schenectady Academy was established in 1785 as the city's first organized school.[15] It immediately flourished, reaching an enrollment of about 100 within a year. By at least 1792 it offered a full four-year college course, as well as one of elementary and practical subjects taught mainly to girls.[16] Attempts to charter the academy as a college with theBoard of Regents of the University of the State of New York were initially rejected,[12] but in 1794 the school reapplied as "Union College", a name chosen to reflect the resolution of its founders that the school should be free of any specific religious affiliation.[17] The resulting institution was awarded its charter on February 25, 1795 – still celebrated by the college as "Founders' Day".[18]
In 1836, the year of its founding, the Union College Anti-Slavery Society claimed 51 members. It published its Constitution and Preamble, with an address to students—not just those of Union—calling on them to join theabolitionist cause.[19] Phi Beta Kappa addresses were often published before the Civil War. A number of them were anti-slavery and others were progressive addresses.[20]
Union College was sometimes called Schenectady College in this period.[21]
Union chose the modern languageFrench—France was thenthe most revolutionary of countries—rather thanLatin for its motto. The resulting tone of the entire seal is both historically aware and distinctly modern in outlook.[22]
The head of theRoman goddessMinerva (Greek goddessAthena) appeared in the center of an oval. Surrounding it in French was"Sous les lois de Minerve nous devenons tous frères" (English:Under the laws of Minerva, we all become brothers).[23] This was expanded to"et soeurs" (English:"and sisters") in 2015.[24]
Minerva was originally patroness of the arts and crafts,[25] but had over time evolved to become an icon of theScientific Revolution and theEnlightenment. By the late 18th century she had indeed come to represent all of those qualities that might be wished for in a rational, virtuous, prudent, wise, and "scientific" man.[26]
In 2023, the college changed the school's nickname from "Dutchmen" and "Dutchwomen" to "Garnet Chargers" as part of a branding update. Garnet has been the school's official color for 150 years, and the name "chargers" is a reference to "Schenectady's legacy as a leader in electrical technologies."[27]
Union College has had nineteen presidents since its founding in 1795. The school has the distinction of having had the longest servingcollege or university president in the history of the United States,Eliphalet Nott (62 years).[28][29]
On September 9, 2024 David Harris announced he would be resigning on June 30, 2025.[30] Union hired former Rhodes CEO Trust Elizabeth Kiss as its first woman president in its 230-year history on February 25, 2025. Kiss assumed office on July 1, 2025.[31]
During the first half of the 19th century, students in American colleges would have encountered a very similar course of study, a curriculum with sturdy foundations in the traditional liberal arts.[32] But by the 1820s all of this began to change.[33]
AlthoughLatin andGreek remained a part of the curriculum, new subjects were adopted that offered a more readily apparent application to the busy commercial life of the new nation. Accordingly, French was gradually introduced into the college curriculum, sometimes as a substitute for Greek orHebrew.[34]
One approach to modernization was the so-called "parallel course of study" in scientific and "literary" subjects.[35] This offered a scientific curriculum in parallel to the classical curriculum, for those students wishing a more modern treatment of modern languages, mathematics, and science, equal in dignity to the traditional course of study.[36]
Union College commenced a parallel scientific curriculum in 1828. Itscivil engineering program, introduced in 1845,[37] was the first of its kind at an American liberal arts college.[38] So successful were Union's reform efforts that by 1839 the college had one of the largest faculties in American higher education and an enrollment surpassed only byYale.[39]
After Union College received its charter in 1795 the college began conducting classes on the upper floor, while agrammar school continued to be conducted on the lower.[40] It soon became clear that this space would prove inadequate for the growing college. Construction soon began on a three-story building, possibly influenced byPrinceton'sNassau Hall,[41] that was occupied in 1804. Two dormitories were constructed nearby.
Eliphalet Nott became college president that year,[42] and envisioned an expanding campus to accommodate a growing school. In 1806 a large tract of land was acquired to the east of theDowntown Schenectady, on a slope up from the Mohawk River and facing nearly due west. In 1812 FrencharchitectJoseph-Jacques Ramée was then hired to draw up a comprehensive plan for the new campus.[43] Construction of two of the college buildings proceeded quickly enough to permit occupation in 1814.[44] The Union College campus became the first comprehensively planned college campus in the United States.[45]
Nott Memorial: Designed by Edward Tuckerman Potter (class of 1853), this building derived from the central rotunda in the original Ramée Plan. While it was probably intended to be a chapel in its original conception, the Nott Memorial's primary purpose when finally built was aesthetic. It served as the library until 1961 when Schaffer Library was built. Its design bears some resemblance to theRadcliffe Camera atOxford University. The building was added to theNational Register of Historic Places in 1972[46] and designated aNational Historic Landmark in 1986.[47] The building was restored between 1993 and 1995 and today is the centerpiece of the campus.[48]
North and South College: The first college buildings using Ramée's plans, the pair were started in 1812 and occupied in 1814. Serving as dormitories, both buildings included faculty residences at each end until well into the 20th century.[49]
Memorial Chapel: Memorial Chapel was constructed between 1924 and 1925 to serve as the central college chapel and to honor Union graduates who lost their lives serving during wartime. The names of Union alumni who died inWorld War I andWorld War II appear on its south wall, flanked by portraits of college presidents.[50]
Schaffer Library: Schaffer Library, erected in 1961, was the first building constructed at Union for the sole purpose of housing the college library. Trustee Henry Schaffer donated the majority of funds needed for its construction as well as for a later expansion between 1973 and 1974. The original building was designed byWalker O. Cain ofMcKim, Mead and White and built by the Hamilton Construction Company. Additional interior work supported by the Schaffer Foundation was done in the 1980s. After structural problems with the 1973–1974 addition developed, a major project to renovate and expand the library was undertaken in the late 1990s. Designed by the firm ofPerry, Dean, Rogers, and Partners, the renovation provided space for College Media Services, Writing Center, and a language lab.[51]
Jackson's Garden: Begun in the 1830s by Professor Isaac Jackson of the Mathematics Department, Jackson's Garden comprises 8 acres (3.2 ha) of formal gardens and woodlands. Sited where Ramee's original plans called for a garden, it initially featured a mix of vegetables, shrubs, and flowers – some of which were grown from seeds sent by botanists and botanical enthusiasts from around the world. As early as 1844 it drew the admiration of visitors such asJohn James Audubon, and evolved into a sweeping retreat for both students and faculty.[52]
"The Trustees of Union College", a corporate body, has owned the college and been the college's designated legal representative throughout its history.[53] The Board consists of alumni, faculty, students, the president of the college, and others. The governor of the state of New York is also anex officio member. The Board appoints the president of the college upon vacancy of the position.[54]
The Student Forum represents the principal form of student government at Union College. The purpose of the Student Forum is to formulate policies in areas involving the student body. The student body is represented by a president, vice-president of administration, vice-president of finance, vice-president of academics, vice-president of campus life, and vice-president for multicultural affairs. The entire Student Forum includes these officers together with two student trustees and 12 class representatives.[55]
Union College belongs to theLiberty League,ECAC Hockey, theAnnapolis Group, theOberlin Group, theConsortium of Liberal Arts Colleges (CLAC), and the New York Six Consortium.[56] Union is also a component ofUnion University, which also includesAlbany Medical College,Albany Law School, theDudley Observatory, and theAlbany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences.[57]
The Union College radio station,WRUC 89.7, dates from a student project in the fall of 1910, but did not become "live" until 1912.[58] The Union College radio station was among the first wireless transmitters in the country to broadcast regularly scheduled programs.[59] The weeklyConcordiensis, the principal newspaper of Union College since 1877, is the thirteenth oldest student newspaper in the United States and the oldest continuously published newspaper in Schenectady.[60]
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Most undergraduates are required to complete a minimum of 36 term courses in all programs except engineering, which may require up to 40 courses (in two-degree programs, nine courses beyond the requirements for the professional degrees), and students in the Leadership in Medicine program, which requires around 45–50 courses.[61] The most popular majors, by number out of 488 graduates in 2022, were:[62]
| Academic rankings | |
|---|---|
| Liberal arts | |
| U.S. News & World Report[63] | 40 |
| Washington Monthly[64] | 86 |
| National | |
| Forbes[65] | 148 |
For the Class of 2029, Union College received 9,249 applications and accepted 4,019 (43.5%)[66]. The middle 50% range ofSAT scores of admitted freshmen was 1370–1490 for math + reading, while the middle 50% range of theACT composite score was 31–34.[67]
Undergraduate research at Union College had its origin in the first third of the 20th century when chemistry professor Charles Hurd began involving students in hiscolloid chemistry investigations. Since then, undergraduate research has taken hold in all disciplines at the college, making this endeavor what has been termed "thelinchpin" of the Union education. By the mid-1960s several disciplines at Union had established a senior research thesis requirement, and in 1978 the college began funding faculty-mentored student research in all disciplines. This was followed by the creation of funded summer research opportunities, again in all disciplines at the college, in 1986.[68]
Union College makes available a variety of opportunities for formal study outside the United States, the most popular of which are the Terms Abroad Programs.[69] Currently, Terms Abroad are offered for residence and study on nearly every continent, some in cooperation withHobart and William Smith Colleges. In the 2009–2010 school year, programs were offered in 22 countries or regions around the world.[70]
Every year Union College also offers a variety of mini-terms (three-week programs during the winter break or at the beginning of the summer vacation).[71]
Opened in 1961, Schaffer Library currently makes available onsite about 750,000 books in print as well as electronic formats. The two largest historical, electronic collections areEarly English Books Online (EEBO) andEighteenth Century Collections Online (ECCO). The library's print and rare book collections are especially strong in18th and19th-century literature, theScientific Revolution, and theEnlightenment. Of particular note is the almost complete preservation of the college's first library, acquired between 1795 and 1799.[72]
Union College belongs to several regional and national consortia that improve access to materials not owned by the college.[73]
The modern fraternity system at American colleges and universities is generally determined as beginning at Union College with the founding ofKappa Alpha Society (1825),Sigma Phi (1827), andDelta Phi (1827).[74][75][76][77][78] Three other surviving national fraternities –Psi Upsilon (1833),Chi Psi (1841), andTheta Delta Chi (1847) – were founded at Union in the next two decades.[79][80][81][82] On account of this fact, Union has been called "The Mother of Fraternities".[7][8][83]
In the fall of 2021, 33% of the college's female students belonged to a sorority and 24% of its male students belonged to a fraternity.[84] In 2010, some 50% of Union's sophomores, juniors, and seniors were members of its twelve Greek-letter organizations.[83]
The six current fraternities at Union are members of theNorth American Interfraternity Conference, and as such come under the supervision of the Interfraternity Council (IFC).[85] They are:Alpha Delta Phi,Chi Psi,Kappa Alpha Society,Sigma Chi,Sigma Phi, andTheta Delta Chi.[86][82][87] A chapter of the co-ed community service oriented fraternityAlpha Phi Omega also exists on campus.[88] Among dormant fraternities with active alumni,Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity maintained a chapter on campus from 1888 to 1997.[89][82] The College Panhellenic Council (CPC) is the governing body for member sororities, of which theNational Panhellenic Council (NPC) is the parent organization.[85] There are three CPC sororities at Union:Delta Phi Epsilon,Gamma Phi Beta andSigma Delta Tau.[86][82][90] The Multicultural Greek Council (MGC) is the governing body for organizations under the supervision of theNational Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC),National Association of Latino Fraternal Organizations (NALFO), or for any local organizations that fall under the category.[85] These organizations areAlpha Phi Alpha,Phi Iota Alpha,Iota Phi Theta,Lambda Pi Chi, andOmega Phi Beta.[86][91][82]
After issues with binge-drinking, and excessive vandalism, Union College's board suspended greek life in 2004. This ban removed exclusive rights from sororities and fraternities to any residence on campus, allowing Union College to regain partial ownership of the houses. While not affecting the majority of Greek students, who already shared housing with other students, it displaced the members of five of the most visible fraternities, who enjoyed what the college considered prime real estate in mansions at the heart of the campus. The move was cast as a means of enhancing Union’s social and cultural life, which college officials reported to be overwhelmingly Greek.[92][75][83] This initiative was, and remains, a controversial step by the college.[93] A non-residential "house system" was created and funded, establishing buildings to serve as intellectual, social, and cultural centers for resident and non-resident members. All incoming students are randomly assigned to one of the seven Minerva Houses. An Office of Minerva Programs was created to coordinate and supervise Minerva activities.[94]
The Mandeville Gallery presents an annual Art Installation Series in partnership with the Schaffer Library.[95] The Art Installation Series features contemporary artists who visit campus and create a site-specific installation piece for the library's Learning Commons.[96]
The Wikoff Student Gallery, on the third floor of the Nott Memorial, is dedicated to showing work by current, full-time Union College students.[97]
The college owns over 3,000 works of art and artifacts which comprise its Permanent Collection, most of which are available for use by faculty and students in support of teaching and research.[98]
The Department of Music sponsors lectures, performances, recitals, and workshops by visiting artists at numerous campus venues, including the Taylor Music Center and Memorial Chapel. Union College jazz, choral and orchestral groups, a taiko ensemble, and three student a cappella groups perform regularly. The college's chamber music series performs at the Memorial Chapel.[99]
The Department of Theater and Dance offers several major theatrical productions as well as staged readings, student performances, guest appearances, and other shows throughout the school year.[100]
Intercollegiate competition is offered in 26 sports; for men, inbaseball,basketball,crew,cross-country,football,ice hockey,lacrosse,soccer,swimming,tennis, andindoor and outdoor track; and for women, in basketball, crew, cross-country,field hockey, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer,softball, swimming, tennis, indoor and outdoor track, andvolleyball. Union today participates in theNational Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), theLiberty League,ECAC Hockey and theEastern College Athletic Conference (ECAC). Men's and women's ice hockey compete at the NCAADivision I level; all other sports compete at the NCAADivision III level.[101]
All club sports are administered through the student activities office. The most active and popular clubs are baseball,bowling,fencing,golf, ice hockey,karate,rugby,skiing, volleyball, andultimate frisbee. An extensive intramural program is offered in a wide range of sports along with noncredit physical education classes as part of the wellness program.[101]
Facilities include the Frank L. Messa Rink at theAchilles Center, the David Breazzano Fitness Center, the Travis J. Clark Strength Training Facility, theDavid A. Viniar Athletic Center, andFrank Bailey Field.[101]
Union has hosted the two longest games in NCAA Men's Hockey History, losing both by identical 3–2 scores: The longest game in NCAA hockey history was played on March 12, 2010. Quinnipiac University defeated Union College, 3–2, in the ECAC Hockey League Quarter-Finals after 90:22 of overtime. Greg Holt scored the winning goal just after 1:00 am local time. The second-longest game in NCAA hockey history was played on March 5, 2006. Yale University defeated Union College, 3–2, in the ECAC Hockey League first-round playoff game after 81:35 of overtime.David Meckler scored the winning goal with Yale shorthanded.[102]
The Union football team went undefeated during the 1989 regular season, going 10–0. They lost toDayton in theAmos Alonzo Stagg Bowl for the NCAA Division III Football Championship, 17–7.[103]
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a^Harvard University,The College of William and Mary,Yale University,Princeton University,Columbia University,University of Pennsylvania,Brown University,Rutgers University, andDartmouth College.[114]
b^Washington College,Washington and Lee University,Hampden–Sydney College,Transylvania University,Dickinson College,St. John's College,University of Georgia,College of Charleston,Franklin & Marshall College,University of Vermont,Williams College,Bowdoin College,Tusculum College,University of Tennessee,University of North Carolina (Chapel Hill) and Union College.[115]
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