Mthatha Umtata | |
|---|---|
 Mthatha Central Business District | |
  Mthatha  Mthatha  Mthatha | |
| Coordinates:31°35′19″S28°47′24″E / 31.58861°S 28.79000°E /-31.58861; 28.79000 | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | Eastern Cape |
| District | O.R. Tambo |
| Municipality | King Sabata Dalindyebo |
| Area | |
• Total | 91.45 km2 (35.31 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 698 m (2,290 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
• Total | 96,114 |
| • Density | 1,051/km2 (2,722/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011) | |
| • Black African | 94.6% |
| • Coloured | 2.7% |
| • Indian/Asian | 1.2% |
| • White | 1.0% |
| • Other | 0.5% |
| First languages (2011) | |
| • Xhosa | 85.0% |
| • English | 8.6% |
| • Afrikaans | 1.1% |
| • Other | 5.2% |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| Postal code (street) | 5099 |
| PO box | 5099 |
| Area code | 047 |
| Website | www |
Mthatha[3] (/əmˈtɑːtɑː/əm-TAH-tah,Xhosa:[ḿ̩ˈtʰâːtʰà]ⓘ), alternatively renderedUmtata, is the main city of theKing Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality inEastern Cape province ofSouth Africa and the capital ofOR Tambo District Municipality. The city has anairport, previously known as the K. D. Matanzima Airport[4] after former leaderKaiser Matanzima. Mthatha derives its name from the nearby Mthatha River which was named after thesneezewood (umtati) trees, famous for their wood and medicinal properties.[5]
The settlement existed in the 1870s as a buffer-zone, in response to reported tensions betweenMpondo and neighbouring Thembu groups, and in 1875 a magistrate's office was opened. The first magistrate, appointed that year, was a man named J F Boyes. The settlement developed during the next few years, becoming a military post for the British colonial forces in 1882. The town itself was founded in 1883, along the banks of theMthatha River. Nearly a century later, theMthatha Dam was constructed about eight kilometers upstream of the town.[6] Mthatha became the leading administrative centre of the area, having bothAnglican andCatholic cathedrals. The town became the headquarters of the Transkeian Territories General Council (known as the Bunga), and the building which served as a parliament was erected in 1903.[5] This was followed by the construction of the town hall in 1908.[7] A branch of theUniversity of Fort Hare was established in the town, and after the independence of theTranskei in 1977 it became theUniversity of Transkei. In 2005, the University of Transkei with the Border Technikon and Eastern Cape Technikon were merged to form theWalter Sisulu University for Technology and Science. The campus was the base for the region's first community radio station, UCRFM, which started in 1996 and has become a significant community broadcaster.
On 1 August 1973, Mthatha High Court was opened.[5][8]
In 1973, a summit meeting of the black homeland leaders was held at Umtata, when they decided to federate their respective states after independence. In 1976,Transkei was granted independence as a bantustan, a nominally independent state not recognised outside South Africa. Mthatha served as the capital under the name "Umtata".[5] Under the Transkei regime, an airport named after the then ruler of TranskeiKD Matanzima was built. On 21 May 2012, the airport was formally handed over toLindiwe Sisulu, then Minister of Defence, byNoxolo Kiviet, thenPremier of the Eastern Cape. However, theSouth African National Defence Force relinquished its control of the airport in 2013. The airport was renamedMthatha Airport.
After the end of apartheid, some sections of the African business and professional community migrated to traditionally white areas of economic activity, and this has been widely cited as a cause of economic recession in the municipality, but a number of construction projects offer hope for renewal.
Many of South Africa's black leaders – includingWalter Sisulu,Sabelo Phama,Bantu Holomisa andNelson Mandela — come from this area, and Nelson Rholihlahla Mandela lived out his retirement in his home village ofQunu, a few kilometres south of Mthatha.
Mthatha is a focal point of the Nelson Mandela Route which celebrates the life of Nelson Mandela. There are three Nelson Mandela Museums. Spread across three sites, they collect, interpret and exhibit key aspects of the story of the life and times of Nelson Mandela. The three historical sites of the museum are at Mvezo, Qunu and the Bunga Building in Mthatha. In the Bunga Building is the story of theLong Walk to Freedom and an exhibition of the many gifts received by Nelson Mandela.
On 2 March 2004, Umtata was renamed "Mthatha".
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Mthatha has 2 major taxi businesses: Uncedo Taxi Association and Border Taxi Association. These associations had a feud over theR61 road from Mthatha toLibode andPort St. Johns. This feud resulted in taxi ranks being closed by the Government. Over 60 fatalities were reported during the period of the feud. In 2018, theMinister of PoliceBheki Cele closed all taxi ranks in Mthatha and demanded that the taxi associations negotiate with the police and merge to form one association but they refused. As a result, some taxis were impounded by the police. Sagas ranks were opened in Mthatha but the ranks that were not opened triggered riots with people protesting and police firing rubber bullets and tear gas affecting a nearby school (St John's College).[9]
In 2019, two final year students, from the Walter Sisulu University developed affordable prosthetics. These students, Siphosethu Mgwili and Zanodumo Godlimpi, were awarded the first ever WSU vice-chancellor's award for most innovative prototype.[10]
The city is the episcopal see of both theRoman Catholic Diocese of Mthatha and theAnglican Diocese of Mthatha.
Mthatha falls under OR Tambo District Municipality which is the poorest district in the Eastern Cape by all poverty measures. It has the lowest HDI (0.45) and the highest poverty gap (2.231 million) in the Eastern Cape. The number of people living in poverty is also high in this district (64.6%), unemployment is at 65.5% and the literacy rate 42.2%.[11]
In 2006, it was reported the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality was owed R250 million by residents in unpaid service fees. It counts among its creditors the South African Revenue Service (to which it owes R18 million), the Public Investment Commission (R84 million), the national water affairs and forestry department (R46 million) and theDevelopment Bank of Southern Africa (R13 million).[12] According to SA Delivery, The average annual income of a black Mthatha resident is R15,762.[13] The town has also been plagued by complaints about the state of its roads and the collapse of its utilities and infrastructure. It's widely reported that the general decline into dysfunction and societal fragility is caused by endemic political corruption, municipal incompetence and widespread criminality. Despite all that, a new dawn is beckoning for Mthatha with the construction of infrastructure like BT Ngebs Mall and Mayfair Hotel.
The SinaweThuthuzela Care Centre, a rape crisis centre launched in 2001, sees between 60 and 120 patients a month, from up to 200 km (120 mi) away. It won an award for being "the best-run care centre in South Africa".Sinawe means "we are with you" inXhosa.[14]
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high °C (°F) | 42 (108) | 40 (104) | 40 (104) | 36 (97) | 34 (93) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 33 (91) | 44 (111) | 38 (100) | 41 (106) | 41 (106) | 44 (111) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 27 (81) | 27 (81) | 26 (79) | 25 (77) | 23 (73) | 21 (70) | 21 (70) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 25 (77) | 27 (81) | 24 (75) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 16 (61) | 16 (61) | 15 (59) | 12 (54) | 8 (46) | 4 (39) | 4 (39) | 7 (45) | 9 (48) | 11 (52) | 13 (55) | 15 (59) | 11 (52) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 9 (48) | 9 (48) | 7 (45) | 1 (34) | −1 (30) | −3 (27) | −3 (27) | −1 (30) | 1 (34) | 2 (36) | 4 (39) | 7 (45) | −3 (27) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 87 (3.4) | 89 (3.5) | 83 (3.3) | 58 (2.3) | 18 (0.7) | 11 (0.4) | 18 (0.7) | 15 (0.6) | 35 (1.4) | 73 (2.9) | 75 (3.0) | 88 (3.5) | 650 (25.6) |
| Average rainy days(≥ 1 mm) | 15 | 14 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 113 |
| Source: South African Weather Service, 1961-1990[15] | |||||||||||||
Mthatha has a warmoceanic climate (KöppenCfb) closely bordering on both ahumid subtropical climate (Cfa) and asemi-arid climate (BSh/BSk).
Mthatha is prone to severe thundersoms, some of which are tornadic in nature. Mthatha has been hit by several tornadoes between 1995 and 2023, the most recent being the EF3 tornado that damaged residential areas near the airport, including the airport itself.[citation needed]
On 10 June 2025, seven people died in flooding in Mthatha and at least 79 in the Eastern Cape province.[16][17] Houses and cars were left submerged, with reports of missing people in some areas.[18] Residents were trapped on top of the roofs of their houses, with some clinging to trees while schools were closed, and flights to Mthata Airport were canceled due to bad weather.[19][20] A minibus carrying high school students was swept away by floodwaters and a number of students were reported missing.[21] This was after disruptive rain and snowy weather in the Eastern Cape and the neighboring KwaZulu-Natal .[22][23] Death toll has since risen to 90 .[24][25][26]
Municipalities and communities ofOR Tambo District Municipality,Eastern Cape | ||
|---|---|---|
District seat:Mthatha | ||
| Ingquza Hill | .svg) | |
| Port St Johns | ||
| Nyandeni | ||
| Kumkani Mhlontlo | ||
| King Sabata Dalindyebo | ||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Other | |
