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 Ukraine |  Vietnam |
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Ukraine–Vietnam relations are the bilateral relations betweenUkraine andVietnam. Vietnam recognizedUkraine's independence from the Soviet Union on 27 December 1991. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 23 January 1992.[1] The embassy of Vietnam in Ukraine started its operations in 1993, and the embassy of Ukraine in Vietnam was opened in 1997.
Vietnam has maintained good relations with Ukraine since the latter'sdeclaration of independence from the Soviet Union. This is largely due to the existence of Vietnamese people in Ukraine and the fact that Ukraine is a primary supplier of military equipment to Vietnam. Ukraine has played a significant role in helping Vietnam upgrade and modernize its military.[2]
Vietnam has maintained a neutral stance on theRusso-Ukrainian War since 2014, and this stance has remained following theRussian invasion of Ukraine,[3] although the majority of Vietnamese people in Vietnam strongly support Russia and Putin,[4] and in spite of dissidents' and democracy activists' support for Ukraine, as well as their pressure on the Vietnamese government to support Ukrainian territorial integrity.
The two countries have sought to expand their trade and economic ties as of 2018.[5] For Vietnam, Ukraine is an important trade partner in Europe, due to long, historical ties between the two nations, dating back to the Soviet era.[6]
On the sidelines of theWorld Economic Forum inDavos, Switzerland; meeting betweenVietnamese Prime MinisterPhạm Minh Chính andUkrainian PresidentVolodymyr Zelensky; the two leaders stressed that the two nations appreciate their traditional friendship and partnership.[7]
Volodymyr Zelenskyy and Pham Minh Chinh discussed the possibility of intensifying bilateral contacts between Ukraine and Vietnam at various levels.[8]
During the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, severalpublic opinion brigades' pages on Facebook, originally established to disseminate propaganda for theCommunist Party of Vietnam, circulateddisinformation in support of the invasion.[9] As the Ukrainian and Russian embassies in Vietnam traded barbs inVietnamese on Facebook, where engagement appeared to favor pro-Russia reactions, the Ukrainian Embassy remarked that many negative or mocking comments were not genuine public sentiment but were the work of coordinated online networks and automated accounts as part ofRussia's broader information-war strategy.[10]
In September 2017, the Ukrainian Minister of Foreign Affairs,Pavlo Klimkin, visited Vietnam and met with Vietnamese Prime MinisterNguyễn Xuân Phúc.[11]
The2001 Ukrainian census counted 4,000 Vietnamese people.[12] As of 2022, according to theVietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, there are approximately 7,000 Vietnamese in Ukraine.[13][14] According to Ukraine-Vietnam Association, prior to the February2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine the Vietnamese community numbered about 100,000 people.[15] One of the largest Vietnamese communities in Ukraine is inKharkiv were Vietnamese traders dominate theBarabashovo market [uk], one of the largest markets in Europe.[15] At the market most of these (Vietnamese) traders use aUkrainianised version of their names.[15]
Ukrainians regard the Vietnamese community positively, based on historical commonality and the legacy ofSoviet influence between two.[16] The Vietnamese community also serves as a bridge connecting Vietnamese populations in other Slavic nations such asPoland,Russia, andCzechia, where large Vietnamese diasporas exist.
Vietnamese began coming to the Soviet Union in the 1950s to study, usually for technical professions.[15] In 1985, the Soviet Union signed an agreement with Vietnam to allow gifted Vietnamese students to study or work in the country. This led to the formation of Vietnamese communities in the former Soviet Union, the largest of which are inKharkiv,Odesa, andKyiv.[12] Notably, billionairePhạm Nhật Vượng lived in Kharkiv during the 1990s.[15] There he started theMivina [uk] brand of instant noodles, which became a hit with Ukrainians during the early post-communist years.[15]
As of 2016, approximately2,000 Ukrainians in total are estimated to live in Vietnam, including 120 people in the consular register of the Embassy of Ukraine in Vietnam.[17]
In Vietnam there are neither organizations of Ukrainian community, nor religious communities of immigrants from Ukraine, partly due to its large distance and lack of interests.[citation needed]
The vast majority of Ukrainians in Vietnam are labor migrants. They mainly consider their stay in Vietnam as temporary and plan to return home after labor contracts with employers conclude.[17] Ukrainian citizens work in the fields of tourism, trade, maritime transport, coal and petroleum, and a small number of them are engaged in business.[citation needed] A small number of Ukrainians belong to mixed Ukrainian-Vietnamese families.
Ukrainian citizens are most numerous in the cities ofNha Trang (about 100 people),Vũng Tàu (about 100),Hanoi (about 50), andHo Chi Minh (50).[citation needed]
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