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Ubii

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Roman-era Germanic people

Fannius, a member of the Ubii,*corporis custos*, theGermanic bodyguard ofNero, Museo Epigrafico,Terme di Diocleziano,Rome

TheUbii were aGermanic tribe^[1]^[2] first encountered dwelling on the east bank of theRhine in the time ofJulius Caesar, who formed an alliance with them in 55 BC in order to launch attacks across the river. They were transported in 39 BC byMarcus Vipsanius Agrippa to the west bank, apparently at their own request, as they feared the incursions of their neighbors, theChatti.^[3]

A colony for Roman veterans was founded in 50 AD under the patronage of Agrippa's granddaughter,Agrippina the Younger,^[4] who had been born at Ara Ubiorum, the capital of the Ubii. The colony derived its title from the names of Agrippina and her husband, the emperorClaudius, and received the nameColonia Claudia Ara Augusta Agrippinensium, which is the origin of the city's modern name,Cologne. Alongside the allotment of land to veterans, the existing town of Ara Ubiorum was elevated to the status of acolonia, which would have conferred many privileges on the inhabitants.^[5] The Ubii were also at Bonna (Bonn) of theEburones.

The Ubii remained loyal allies of Rome; they were instrumental in crushing theBatavian rebellion in 70 AD and, although some of them made part of the invasion ofPannonia in 166 AD, they becomefoederati supporting Roman troops in theMarcomannic Wars in 166–67 AD.

They seem to have been so thoroughlyRomanized that they adopted the nameAgrippinenses in honour of their "founder",^[6] and their later history is submerged with otherFranks in that of easternGaul as a whole.

Roman interactions

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In 55 BC, Julius Caesar was preparing for an invasion ofBritain, when several Germanic tribes, including the Ubii,^[7] crossed the Rhine river. This movement included theUsipetes andTencteri tribes, who wished to relocate to avoid contact with theSuevi. Caesar, concerned that fighting might break out in the region and draw troops away from his planned invasion, marched toward the Rhine. He met with ambassadors from the Germanic tribe and offered them land with the Ubii and an alliance against the Suevi; however, Caesar soon became worried that the tribes were delaying until their cavalry could return.

Together with theBatavi, the Ubii furnished soldiers for theGermanic bodyguard, the personal bodyguard of the early Roman emperors.

v t e Germanic peoples
Ethnolinguistic group ofNorthern European origin primarily identified as speakers ofGermanic languages
History	Nordic Bronze Age Germania Pre-Roman Iron Age Roman Iron Age Romano-Germanic culture Germanic Iron Age Viking Age
Early culture	Architecture Art Calendar Clothing Family Festivals Folklore Proto-Germanic folklore Anglo-Saxon mythology Continental Germanic mythology Norse mythology) Funerary practices Anglo-Saxon Norse Law Anglo-Saxon Norse Literature Anglo-Saxon Norse Names Gothic Numbers Paganism Anglo-Saxon Gothic Norse Rings Scripts Gothic alphabet Runes Sippe Symbology Warfare Anglo-Saxon Gothic and Vandal Viking
Languages	Germanic parent language Proto-Germanic language East Germanic languages North Germanic languages West Germanic languages
Groups	Alemanni Brisgavi Bucinobantes Lentienses Raetovari Adrabaecampi Angles Anglo-Saxons Ambrones Ampsivarii Angrivarii Armalausi Auiones Avarpi Baemi Baiuvarii Banochaemae Bastarnae Batavi Belgae Germani cisrhenani Atuatuci Caeroesi Condrusi Eburones Paemani Segni Morini Nervii Bateinoi Betasii Brondings Bructeri Burgundians Buri Cananefates Caritni Casuari Chaedini Chaemae Chamavi Chali Charudes Chasuarii Chattuarii Chatti Chauci Cherusci Cimbri Cobandi Corconti Cugerni Danes Dauciones Dulgubnii Favonae Firaesi Fosi Franks Ripuarian Franks Salian Franks Frisiavones Frisii Gambrivii Geats Gepids Goths Crimean Goths Greuthungi Gutones Ostrogoths Thervingi Thracian Goths Visigoths Gutes Harii Hermunduri Heruli Hilleviones Ingaevones Irminones Istvaeones Jutes Juthungi Lacringi Lemovii Lombards Heaðobards Lugii Diduni Helisii Helveconae Manimi Nahanarvali Marcomanni Marsacii Marsi Mattiaci Nemetes Njars Nuithones Osi Quadi Reudigni Rugii Rugini Saxons Semnones Sicambri Sciri Sitones Suarines Suebi Sunici Swedes Taifals Tencteri Teutons Thelir Thuringii Toxandri Treveri Triboci Tubantes Tulingi Tungri Ubii Usipetes Vagoth Vandals Hasdingi Silingi Vangiones Varisci Victohali Vidivarii Vinoviloth Warini
Christianization	Gothic Christianity Christianization of the Franks Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England East Anglia Christianization of Scandinavia Christianization of Iceland
Category

Notes

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^Brogan, Olwen Phillis Frances;Drinkwater, John Frederick (2012)."Ubii". InHornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony;Eidinow, Esther (eds.).The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4 ed.).Oxford University Press.ISBN 9780191735257. Retrieved26 January 2020.Ubii, a German tribe just east of the Rhine
^"De Gruyter".
^William Smith,A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geographys.v. "Colonia Agrippina".
^Tacitus,Annales 12.27.1–2.
^Barrett, Anthony A. (1996).Agrippina: Sex, Power, and Politics in the Early Empire, New Haven and London: Yale.
^Tacitus,Germania c.28 andHistories, iv.28 (as noted in Smith,loc. cit.).
^Cassius Dio, Book 39, discussing Caesar's actions in 55 BCE, offderrs slightly different motivation and sequence of events: "the Ubii, whose land was coterminal with theSugambri and who were at variance with them, invoked his aid" (on-line text) and Caesar crossed the Rhine; this is Dio's single mention of the Ubii.