 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "USS Vernon County" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(February 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
.jpg) USSVernon County (LST-1161) | |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United States | |
| Name | USSVernon County (LST-1161) |
| Namesake | Vernon County, Missouri,Vernon County, Wisconsin, andVernon Parish, Louisiana |
| Builder | Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation,PascagoulaMississippi |
| Laid down | 14 April 1952 |
| Launched | 25 November 1952 |
| Sponsored by | Mrs. Hugh White |
| Commissioned | 18 May 1953 |
| Decommissioned | 14 June 1973 |
| Renamed | From USSLST-1161 to USSVernon County 1 July 1955 |
| Stricken | 1 December 1977 |
| Honors & awards | |
| Fate |
|
| Notes | Served inVenezuelan Navy asAmazonas (T-21) |
.svg) Venezuela | |
| Name | Amazonas (T-21) |
| Namesake | Amazonas |
| Acquired | On loan from 29 June 1973, purchased 1 December 1977 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type | Terrebonne Parish-classtank landing ship |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 384 ft 0 in (117.04 m) |
| Beam | 55 ft 0 in (16.76 m) |
| Draft | 17 ft 0 in (5.18 m) |
| Installed power | 6,000shaft horsepower (4.48megawatts) |
| Propulsion | FourGeneral Motors 16-278Adiesel engines, two controllable pitch propellers |
| Speed | 14knots (26 km/h) |
| Boats & landing craft carried | ThreeLCVPs, oneLCPL |
| Troops | 395 (15 officers and 380 enlisted men) |
| Complement | 205 (16officers and 189enlisted men |
| Armament |
|
USSVernon County (LST-1161) was aUnited States Navy,Terrebonne Parish-classtank landing ship in commission from 1953 to 1973. She saw extensive service in theVietnam War before being transferred to theVenezuelan Navy, where she becameAmazonas (T-21).
Vernon County was designed under projectSCB 9A and laid down as USSLST-1161 on 14 April 1952 atPascagoula, Mississippi, byIngalls Shipbuilding Corporation and launched on 25 November 1952;, sponsored by Mrs. Hugh White, the wife of the then-governor of Mississippi,Hugh L. White. USSLST-1161 wascommissioned on 18 May 1953.
After conducting hershakedown cruise,LST-1161 operated off theUnited States East Coast out ofNaval Amphibious Base Little Creek atVirginia Beach, Virginia, andMorehead City, North Carolina, through mid-February 1954. She subsequently deployed twice to Caribbean operating areas during 1954. During an exercise atVieques Island,Puerto Rico, between 11 April 1954 and 7 May 1954, she participated in the filming of themovieAway All Boats.
LST-1161 entered thePhiladelphia Naval Shipyard on 28 July 1954 for extensive modifications. Once those alterations and repairs were completed, she headed for Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek at Virginia Beach, arriving there on 19 December 1954.
LST-1161 was renamed USSVernon County (LST-1161) on 1 July 1955.
Vernon County operated with theAmphibious Forces of theUnited States Atlantic Fleet, alternating betweenNorfolk, Virginia, and Little Creek as herhome ports. During her years of operations from those places, she deployed regularly to theNorth Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Caribbean areas.
In 1958,Vernon County was transferred to theUnited States Pacific Fleet, sailing via thePanama Canal to her new assigned home port,San Diego, California. She operating from San Diego for over a year and a half, conducting regular periods of underway training and local operations off theSouthern California coast.
Vernon County changed home ports again in 1960. On 16 June 1960, she departed theUnited States West Coast bound for her new home port,Yokosuka, Japan. Together with seven othertank landing ships,Vernon County comprised AmphibiousSquadron (PhibRon) 9. They reached Yokosuka on 6 August 1960.
Vernon County subsequently formed an integral part of the amphibious forces supporting theSoutheast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), participating in SEATO'sOperation Tulungan in May 1962. In so doing, she became one of the first American amphibious vessels to transportU.S. Marines toThailand.
Her first years in Yokosuka saw her participate in many major amphibious exercises, including those named "Pony Express" and "Sharp Edge." After an upkeep period in June 1962,Vernon County transported U.S. Marines fromSubic Bay in thePhilippines, toIwakuni, Japan; she paid a port call atKaratsu, Japan, reportedly the first American warship to visit Karatsu since theKorean War (1950–1953).
February 1963 sawVernon County atKobe, Japan. In March 1963 she visitedTspying andKaohsiung,Taiwan, and she spent much of April 1963 at Subic Bay. In June 1963, she participated in Operation Flagpole, a jointUnited States Seventh Fleet–Republic of Korea (ROK) naval exercise. Before returning to Yokosuka, she called atShimonoseki, Japan;Naha,Okinawa; andKeelung, Taiwan.
After her return to Yokosuka and subsequent refresher training atNumazu, Japan,Vernon County took part inOperation Litgas in company with other SEATO naval units. Subsequently, returning to Hong Kong, via Yokosuka, she visited Kobe in mid-July 1964.
For a few days,Vernon County trained in nearbySagami Bay. She was there when theTonkin Gulf incident occurred andVernon County embarked U.S. Marines and steamed forSouth Vietnam. For the next 60 days, as part of the force thrown intoSoutheast Asian waters ready for any contingency.
Vernon County was then relieved on station and proceeded back to Yokosuka, but the respite offered was, in retrospect, only a short one.
In January 1965,Vernon County again headed for South Vietnamese waters to provide amphibious support. Departing Yokosuka on 8 February 1965,Vernon County proceeded to Iwakuni, Japan and Naha, Okinawa, before pushing on toDa Nang, South Vietnam, where she arrived on 18 February 1965. Upon arrival, she disembarkedCompany C, 7thEngineerBattalion, to provide construction support for theMIM-23 Hawk lightsurface-to-air missilebattery then being emplaced there, thus completing the Hawk deployment.
Over the ensuing months,Vernon County conducted various operations: loading, offloading, stand-by alerts, and the landing of and equipment on South Vietnamese shores. In April 1965,Vernon County supported the landing ofU.S. Marines at Da Nang and brought Marine Corps cargo and equipment from Okinawa to Da Nang.
Once the Da Nang landing was completed,Vernon County moved south and took part in one of the largest amphibious undertakings since the 1950Inchon landings inSouth Korea when she participated in the 6 May landings atChu Lai, South Vietnam. In that operation, three U.S. Marine Corpsbattalion landing teams and a U.S. Navy mobileconstruction battalion went ashore to initiate construction of an airfield.
_unloading.jpg)
Vernon County then conducted more cargo runs to ensure the steady flow of supplies and equipment to support the ever-expanding Chu Lai beachhead and the development ofChu Lai Air Base to support the operations of aMarine Air Wing. As U.S. Marine reinforcements arrived in the Western Pacific area,Vernon County continued to load and land supplies at Chu Lai.
WhileVernon County was carrying out those duties, American military intelligence picked up evidence that aViet Cong (VC) force was massing for an attack on Chu Lai. Accordingly, a joint U.S. Marine Corps-Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) operation was launched on 6 August 1965 to search for the VC. In that operation, code-named Operation Thunderbolt, the Marines and South Vietnamese soldiers did not find the VC in strength, meeting only scattered resistance. Nevertheless, the operation was deemed to be, in retrospect, a "Successful experiment in command and control."[1] Subsequently, however, the interrogation of a VC deserter revealed the location of the VC 1stRegiment. It was, as thought, moving toward Chu Lai. Accordingly, another operation, code-namedOperation Starlite, was planned expeditiously.Vernon County embarked elements of the3rd Battalion, 3rd Marines, (Battalion Landing Team) (BLT) 3, underLieutenant Colonel Joseph E. Muir, at Chu Lai, and moved south along the South Vietnamese coast to An Thuong, where she put the Marines ashore in one phase of Starlite. The operation, involving amphibious, helicopter-borne, and ground forces, started out as a "search and destroy" operation but soon escalated into a battalion-sized offensive against the VC. Starlite thwarted the incipient VC move toward Chu Lai, some nine miles (14 kilometers) to the north, the main battle taking place in theVan Truong village complex. The Marines discovered communication equipment, numerous documents, munitions, rice, and propaganda – all leading intelligence men to estimate that the hamlet of Van Thuong had served as a VC command post. During the operation, Marines of theIII Marine Amphibious Force (III MAF) annihilated the VC 60th Battalion and crippled the 40th Battalion. It was the first big battle of the Vietnam War for the Marines, who came away from Starlite confident in their ability to meet the enemy on the field of battle and defeat him.
Late in October 1965,Vernon County sailed for South Korea and, with other units of the Seventh Fleet, participated in the movement of theRepublic of Korea Army"Tiger" Division to South Vietnam. Subsequently, she took part in direct lifts of equipment and troops to South Vietnam before returning to Yokosuka on 25 December 1965.
After operating locally out of Yokosuka and in South Vietnamese waters, primarily at Chu Lai,Vernon County replenished and underwent a period of upkeep at Subic Bay in the Philippines. She then returned to intracoastal shipping operations off the coast of South Vietnam and even penetrated theMekong Delta to pay a port call atSaigon, South Vietnam. She returned to Yokosuka in early June 1966.
Vernon County trained briefly at Numazu, Japan, before going to Okinawa, and from there to Hong Kong to allow her crew liberty there. Returning to South Vietnamese waters from Hong Kong, she headed for Subic Bay, via Da Nang andCam Ranh Bay, South Vietnam, soon thereafter, for 13 days of upkeep in thePhilippine Islands. Returning to Yokosuka after conducting lifts of men and materiel to Okinawa andSasebo, Japan,Vernon County remained in port at Yokosuka until 21 September 1966.
Ordered back to South Vietnam,Vernon County operated in support ofOperation Market Time, the coastal interdiction of communist supply traffic off the coast of South Vietnam, serving as "mother ship" for thePatrol Craft Fast used for those operations.Vernon County remained on station on Market Time duties until 29 November 1966. From there, she went on to Yokosuka, commencing a regularly scheduled shipyard overhaul on 8 December 1966.
Completing those repairs and alterations on 15 March 1967,Vernon County ran sea trials and conducted refresher training before visiting Kobe in April 1967. Subsequently, the ship returned to Yokosuka, where she conducted more training during May 1967.
Leaving Yokosuka on 6 June 1967,Vernon County was heading for Sasebo when she received orders directing her to return to South Vietnam. Upon arrival,Vernon County became a part of theMobile Riverine Force (MRF), a joint U.S. Navy-U.S. Army assault unit conducting riverine search and destroy missions in theMekong Delta region. While assigned to the MRF,Vernon County was a veritable picture of versatility: she carried ammunition for U.S. Army troops, fire support bases, and the U.S. Navy'sPatrol Boat, River (or PBRs); she carried boats, clothing, batteries, andC rations for troops in the field; she carried purified water and supplied fuel to various riverine craft; she housed, fed, and entertained over 340 additional U.S. Army and U.S. Navy combat personnel; and she logged over 780 helicopter landings on herflight deck.
Relieved from MRF support duties on 20 August 1967,Vernon County headed for Chu Lai, and from there to Keelung, Taiwan. Reaching Keelung on 30 August 1967, she remained there until 4 September 1967 before moving on, ultimately returning to her home port, Yokosuka, on 8 September 1967.
Vernon County remained in port at Yokosuka until 5 October 1967, when she headed south forOra Bay, Okinawa, to conduct two days of training with U.S. Marine Corps amphibious forces. Upon completion of training, she shifted to Subic Bay, where she loaded various items for churches, schools, and hospitals atTacloban on the island ofLeyte. She departed Subic Bay on 18 October 1967 and was to represent the United States at ceremonies on 20 October 1967 commemorating thePhilippines campaign in World War II. Atyphoon brewing in the vicinity, however, forced a cancellation of the ceremonies.Vernon County subsequently returned to Subic Bay, whence she sortied on 23 October 1967 for Yokosuka.
Arriving at Yokosuka on 1 November 1967,Vernon County remained in port there until 20 November 1967, at which time she got underway for Naha, Okinawa, and from there for Subic Bay.
Upon reaching Subic Bay,Vernon County was assigned toAmphibious Ready Group (ARG) Bravo. Underway for South Vietnam on 18 December 1967, she arrived atCửa Việt Base on 20 December 1967. Over the days that ensued, prior to Christmas (25 December) 1967, she took part inOperation Fortress Ridge in company with the other units of ARG Bravo. In that operation, U.S. Marines from the group landed, unopposed, and swept through the sandy, marshy regions north of the Cửa Việt Base, encountering several pockets of enemy resistance. Helicopter gunships, air strikes, naval gunfire, and artillery all assisted in subduing the enemy in what proved to be the last operation prior to the Christmas truce.
Vernon County took part in her second amphibious operation within a month when she participated inOperation Badger Tooth between 26 December 1967 and 2 January 1968. Helicopter and landing craft-borne U.S. Marines met no opposition in the initial landing, 13 miles (21 kilometres) east ofQuảng Trị city but, on 27 December 1967, encountered a stubborn and well-disciplined North Vietnamese unit in the fortified town ofThon Tham Khe. Several hours of intense fighting ensued, with the North Vietnamese eventually withdrawing from the fight.
Vernon County operated with ARG "Bravo",Task Group (TG) 76.5, until 3 February 1968, operating off the South Vietnamese coast between Da Nang and theDMZ (DMZ). After completing her part in Operations Fortress Ridge and Badger Tooth, she remained offshore, devoting a good deal of her time to training because of the slow tempo of operations after those missions against the Viet Cong.
Vernon County, when relieved of duty with TG 76.5, headed for Japan and returned to her home port of Yokosuka for a scheduled two-month overhaul, after which time she sailed for Korean waters. She conducted joint training with ROK naval units, including a United States detachment from Amphibious Construction Battalion 1 embarked with four pontoon causeways and associated equipment. After a complete slate of exercises, the tank landing ship returned to Japan for upkeep. She then sailed for Okinawa, there loading cargo before proceeding back to Vietnam.
Offloading her cargo atWunder Beach,Vernon County shifted operations to the Mekong Delta region, where she assumed the duty of support LST for mobile riverine forces. From 25 May 1968 to 21 June 1968,Vernon County operated as support ship forTask Force (TF) 115, Mobile Riverine Force (MRF) Alfa. During that period, the group operated atBến Tre,Dong Tam Base Camp,Vĩnh Long,Sa Đéc,Mỹ Tho, andCần Thơ, all in the Mekong Delta, orIV Corps, area of South Vietnam. In the little over three-week period,Vernon County traveled some 556.5 nautical miles (1,031 kilometers)[2] through South Vietnamese rivers.
The MRF relied upon the support services rendered by the duty LST.Vernon County served as a floating warehouse wherein 600 tons of ammunition, plus non-ordnance support material, could be stowed in the capacious tank deck area. From those supplies,Vernon County supported U.S. Navy river craft, U.S. Army operations in the field, and U.S. Army fire support bases. She, in turn, was replenished by another LST that came up river from the port ofVũng Tàu.
A good deal of activity took place during that period of both base and ship defense; 15 to 20 rounds of 3-inch (76.2-millimeter gunfire were fired nightly for harassment and interdiction; allgun mounts were manned continuously throughout the nocturnal hours, to be fired while the crew was proceeding to theirgeneral quarters stations. In addition, sixsentries patrolled the pontoons moored alongside, and on the main deck; boats patrolled 150 to 200 yards (140 to 180 meters) away, remaining alert for possible swimmers,naval mines, or traffic of a suspicious nature. Periodically, percussiongrenades were tossed into the water as anti-swimmer measures.
Vernon County also served as a landing pad for helicopters making resupply runs both to and from the ship to units in the field; whenever the ship made a transit of the waterways of the Mekong Delta, she stood at general quarters with .50-caliber (12.7-millimeter) and .30-caliber (7.62-millimeter) machine guns mounted to provide the ship with close-range firepower when needed.
Upon relief by tank landing shipUSS Washtenaw County on 21 June 1968 at Cần Thơ,Vernon County proceeded down theBassac River to theSouth China Sea.
Upon reaching the South China Sea,Vernon County headed to Subic Bay forgenerator repairs. En route and three days out of Vietnamese waters, her commanding officer, Lieutenant Commander L. D. Mott, was stricken with acuteappendicitis, necessitating his emergency medical evacuation by air.
Subsequently,Vernon County reached Subic Bay on 24 June 1968. Upon arrival, however, it was found that her generators could not be repaired there, so she moved for Naha, Okinawa, with cargo on board, en route Japan. She offloaded her cargo at Naha and proceeded on, reaching Yokosuka on 13 July 1968. There, the repairs were effected. While at Yokosuka, she received the Navy Unit Commendation for her service with the Mobile Riverine Force.
Vernon County subsequently returned to South Vietnamese waters, lifting cargo to Vũng Tàu and offloading it while at anchor on 14 August 1968. On 15 August 1968, she proceeded toNha Be, where she relievedUSS Windham County as support LST for Mobile Riverine Assault Force Bravo. For the next two months, she operated primarily in the Nha Be region but also at the junction of theSoirap River andVam Co River. Midway through that period, the base was shifted to Dong Tam, whereVernon County remained until relieved byUSS Caroline County on 16 October 1968.
Sailing to Kaohsiung, Taiwan, with a cargo ofjeeps, and encounteringTropical Storm Hester en route,Vernon County visited Hong Kong for rest and recreation before returning to Yokosuka in late October 1968. She remained at Yokosuka for the rest of the year.
Underway again for South Vietnam on 6 January 1969,Vernon County encountered engineering difficulties en route to her initial destination, Naha. Reaching Okinawa on 10 January, she offloaded her cargo – 54 tons of cargo and 303 tons of vehicles – before departing for Subic Bay for four days of upkeep and repair work on her engineering spaces. By 17 January 1969, the problem was corrected, thus permitting her to get underway and proceed for her ultimate destination, South Vietnam.
Lifting cargo that proved to be about the smallest in the history of the vessel—one man and two tons ofLCPL equipment –Vernon County disembarked her passenger and unloaded the equipment upon arrival at Vũng Tàu. Shifting to the Mekong Delta region soon thereafter,Vernon County embarked 360 troops and support units and relievedUSS Whitfield County as support ship for Task Force 117, a mobile riverine force, with which she deployed from 17 January 1969 to 24 March 1969. Once again, she served as a floating warehouse for ammunition, fuel, and other support materiel; a mooring point for river patrol craft; and a helipad for the detachment of four helicopters.
The most noteworthy events of the deployment occurred inVernon County's direct contact with the enemy. During the latter part of February 1969 and early days of March 1969,Vernon County took two near-misses fromPeople's Army of Vietnam (PAVN)mortar batteries located on the south bank of theSong Mỹ Tho River at about 02:30 hours on 22 February 1969. One landed approximately 25 metres (27 yards) off thestarboard side near an ammunition pontoon; the other landed some 25 metres (27 yards) off theport quarter. A large rocket missed the ship, landing harmlessly 200 yards (180 meters) away.Vernon County manned herbattle stations and returned the fire with 46 rounds of 3-inch (76.2-millimeter) gunfire.
On 23 February 1969, PAVN/VC automatic weapons fire came in the direction ofVernon County, most rounds concentrated on one of the pontoons alongside or at thebridge. On 25 February 1969, lookouts spotted a swimmer 50 yards (46 meters) from thestern; grenades fromM79 grenade launchers were soon directed at him, thoroughly saturating the area. A body was sighted soon thereafter, the grenades apparently having done their work.
On 26 February 1969,Vernon County came in for further attention from VC sappers. A deck sentry sighted a dark object floating in the water near thefantail and fired twoM16 rifle rounds, quickly resulting in a violent thrashing about in the water below. Shortly thereafter, the target, probably a sapper, sank.
Closely related toVernon County's activities was arecoilless rifle attack on the Philippine tugKangaroo, 500 yards (460 meters) downriver fromVernon County.Kangaroo sustained serious damage, and fires broke out on board;Vernon County's rescue and assistance team boarded the crippled tug and promptly extinguished the fires, performing temporary repairs onKangaroo's damaged superstructure as well. The action on the part of Vernon County, described as "quick and professional",[1] resulted in 27letters of commendation and aBronze Star for the ship's sailors who participated in the salvage operation.
Relieved on station by USSWindham County on 24 March 1969,Vernon County sailed for Yokosuka, viaPenang,Malaysia; Da Nang; Subic Bay; and Okinawa. She reached Yokosuka on 22 April 1969 and subsequently remained in port there for slightly more than a month.
After conducting refreshertrials in company withUSS Tom Green County,Vernon County sailed to South Korea, where she loaded a World War II-vintagePT boat hull on 5 June 1969 for eventual transfer to a museum in the United States. She began her return voyage to Yokosuka on 6 June 1969.
Vernon County began her next line tour in South Vietnam on 5 July 1969, this time transiting to South Vietnam in company with tank landing shipUSS Westchester County. Arriving on 13 July 1969,Vernon County loaded A Company, 3rd Motor Transport Battalion,3rd Marine Division – 264 Marines, five navalenlisted men, 10 officers, 49 vehicles, and 44 tons of miscellaneous equipment – and departed Da Nang on the evening of 13 July 1969. On 18 July 1969,Vernon County andWestchester County arrived atKin Red, Okinawa, and discharged their cargoes and disembarked their passengers.
AlthoughVernon County was slated to return to South Vietnamese waters, engineering casualties diverted her to Subic Bay for repairs. From Subic Bay, she was ordered, upon completion of repairs, to join AEG Bravo, operating off the I Corps zone in the northern part of South Vietnam.
Vernon County carried out training activities in the days that ensued, lifting 185 field troops from E Company,2nd Battalion, 26th Marines, from Chu Lai to Da Nang. Debarking the Marines on 10 August 1969,Vernon County loaded cargo that day for shipment to Okinawa. Although initially slated to depart on 10 August 1969, the loss of the ship's stern anchor forced a delay of one full day. She ultimately accomplished the cargo lift, however, reachingWhite Beach, Okinawa, on 16 August 1969.
Vernon County participated in exercises over the succeeding days before proceeding to sea at 23:00 on 19 August 1969 to evadeTyphoon Cora. Subsequently, she proceeded to Taiwan for rest and recreation at the port of Keelung.
With the end of the Taiwan stay, she put to sea again to return to Yokosuka. En route, she rescued three Taiwanese fishermen early on the evening of 29 August 1969 northeast of Taiwan. The fishermen, who had been adrift for a week, were returned later that evening to a ship of theNationalist Chinese Navy.
Vernon County operated between Okinawa and Japan through mid-October 1969.
In mid-October 1969,Vernion County returned to South Vietnamese waters, sailing to Da Nang in company with tank landing shipsUSS Washoe County,Westchester County, andTom Green County. Reaching Da Nang on 4 November 1969,Vernon County embarked 147 Marines of the Headquarters and Service Company, 9th Motor Transport Battalion, 53 vehicles, and 58 tons of equipment. The lift, designatedOperation Keystone Cardinal, was scheduled to terminate at Kin Red, Okinawa. En route, however, heavy seas held progress to a virtual standstill while three days out of Da Nang.Vernon County suffered storm damage – two perpendicular cracks began to develop on opposite sides of her mast, directly below the radar platform. Diverted to Subic Bay, she effected repairs there before proceeding on and ultimately unloading her cargo at Kin Red on 17 November 1969.
Vernon County returned to South Vietnam soon thereafter, initially to Vũng Tàu, where she took on a load of ammunition to be delivered to tank landing ship supporting Task Force 115's riverine operations. From Vũng Tàu,Vernon County proceeded to the vicinity of theCà Mau Peninsula and there relievedUSS Terrell County on station as part of Operation Market Time, which keptVernon County on station for eight weeks. Operating slightly to the north ofSquare Bay andPoint de Daniau, she remained at anchor 90 percent of the time, about 5,000 yards (4,600 meters) from shore. During that time, she acted as a floating landing pad for support helicopters; provided goods and services to small craft operating on the coastal interdiction and patrol functions of the Market Time operation; assumed the role of naval gunfire support ship; and established the central communications point for Task Group 115.7.Vernon County performed all of her duties well, servicing and rearming helicopter gunships, providing supplies to her frequent customers – PCF's andPGM (motorgunboats) – and providing fire support.
Relieved byWashoe County on 21 January 1970,Vernon County sailed first to Hong Kong, and from there to the Philippines, the latter in connection with the first leg of the lift known asOperation Keystone Bluejay. Provisioning at Subic Bay,Vernon County returned to South Vietnamese waters on 19 February, embarking men and equipment ofMarine Aircraft Group 12, Marine Air Base SupportSquadron (MABS) 12, and Marine Air Tactical Control Unit (MAC TU) 62 shortly after her arrival.
Departing Chu Lai in company withWestchester County,Vernon County sailed to Iwakuni, Japan, reaching Iwakuni ahead of schedule on 27 February 1970. The two ships then sailed for Yokosuka, arriving soon thereafter.
Vernon County subsequently sailed to South Korean waters, participating inOperation Golden Dragon – a jointRepublic of Korea Navy-United States Navy operation – before returning to Japanese waters and the port of Sasebo. She operated between Japan and Okinawa into the summer of 1970. During one of her in-port periods, the ship received a visit fromAdmiralElmo Zumwalt, Jr., theChief of Naval Operations, on 16 May 1970.
Following an availability and refresher training, Vernon County departed Yokosuka in company with gunboatUSS Crockett. She was diverted to Subic Bay to meet an additional two gunboats to escort to Vietnamese waters. Necessary upkeep items, however, could only be completed byVernon County and gunboatUSS Welch, which then proceeded to sea as scheduled to resume the transit to Cam Ranh Bay. Once within South Vietnamese waters on 29 September 1970,Welch proceeded independently, leavingVernon County to proceed to Vũng Tàu to relieveWestchester County as Operation Market Time support LST.
Her responsibilities and activities generally similar to those of previous Market Time deployments,Vernon County remained on station supporting Task Force 115 until 5 November 1970. Then, after a period of time at Hong Kong, she returned to Japan, reaching Yokosuka on 21 December 1970.
Vernon County began 1971 indry dock number one at Yokosuka, Japan, at the naval ship repair facility. During the first few weeks of 1971,Vernon County took on a decidedly different appearance, because, instead of the standard U.S. Navyhaze gray,Vernon County had been painted white overall in preparation for her next – and perhaps most interesting – deployment. During the week of 7 February 1971, the final preparations were made forVernon County to become, by necessity, totally self-sufficient, far from the U.S. Navy'slogistic, maintenance, and support areas. After taking on part of the necessary stores and equipment, she sailed for Okinawa to pick up the rest before proceeding on her way, bound for remoteDiego Garcia, in theChagos Archipelago in theBritish Indian Ocean Territory, with an interim stop atSingapore.
Vernon County ultimately reached Diego Garcia shortly after 17:00 hours on 9 March 1971 and, on 10 March 1971, began underwaterreconnaissance andbeach surveys. On 11 March 1971, the first formal construction of a United States Navy communication station on Diego Garcia began, which was to forge another link in the globe-girdling system of transmitting and receiving stations. On 12 March 1971,Vernon County became the first LST in history to beach on largely unexplored Diego Garcia, offloading much of her heavy equipment to prepare a staging site for the reception of the many tons of supplies and equipment needed to build the station.
As the days passed, theatoll began to change; the ship rode higher in the water as equipment was unloaded. Temperatures on deck averaged 122 degreesFahrenheit (50 degreesCelsius) between 10:00 and 15:00 hours each day; "tropical" duty hours of 0400 to 1400 soon commenced aboard the ship. The men ofUnderwater Demolition Team 12 and aplatoon ofSeabees removed underwater obstacles, installedbuoys, markedanchorages, cleared land, set up atent city, and began laying down an airfield. By the timedock landing shipUSS Monticello (LSD-35) andamphibious cargo shipUSS Charleston (LKA-113) arrived, the base camp was fully ready, as was aharbor. Later, having established a self-sustaining shore party,Vernon County made two additional voyages to and from Diego Garcia, picking up more men and supplies at Singapore,Cocos Island, andMauritius.
During the last few days of her deployment to Diego Garcia,Vernon County was repainted her standard haze gray, a sure sign that the time had come for the ship to sail away from the atoll upon which she had established a base camp and the beginnings of a communication station.
Vernon County returned to the Philippines via Australia and transferred military vehicles from theSangley Point Naval Air Station (which was being turned over to the Philippine government) to Okinawa in early June 1971. She ultimately returned to her home port, Yokosuka, on the afternoon of 19 June 1971.
Vernon County conducted another tour of duty in South Vietnamese waters in the summer of 1971, again performing the duties of Operation Market Time support ship, a job that entailed her staying close to shore and serving as a landing platform for helicopters, a haven for patrol boats, and a supplier of food, fuel, water, lodging, and ammunition for both helicopters and patrol craft. Turning over those duties to landing ship tankWindham County on 6 September 1971,Vernon County remained on patrol off the coast of South Vietnam on another phase of Market Time support, turning over those duties to tank landing shipWashtenaw County on 19 October 1971 before proceeding toBangkok, Thailand, for rest and recreation.
Departing Bangkok on 27 October 1971 for Hong Kong,Vernon County spotted a Thai fishing boat in distress on 28 October 1971. Several ofVernon County's engineers boarded the boat and diagnosed the problem as an electrical failure in the engine. After completing repairs to the fishing craft's engine,Vernon County's men received a present of four boxes of fresh crabs and squid in grateful appreciation of the services they rendered. Happy possessors of a picture ofVernon County and cigarettes given in return byVernon County, the fishing craft sailed off. "We might have been forgiven for being proud of our role as Good Samaritans", the ship's cruise book recorded. "In any case, the crabs were delicious."
Vernon County ultimately spent the remainder of her active naval career in theFar East, returning twice more to South Vietnamese waters and serving once more as Operation Market Time support LST. She visited the familiar ports of Subic Bay, Hong Kong; Vũng Tàu; Kuching, Malaysia; and Singapore, among others. She also served another tour with the Amphibious Ready Force in the Gulf of Tonkin in early October 1972.
Vernon County earned aPresidential Unit Citation (for her actions between 28 February 1969 to 25 March 1969), threeMeritorious Unit Commendations, threeNavy Unit Commendations, and 13campaign stars for her Vietnam War service.
Decommissioned on 14 June 1973 at Yokosuka, Japan,Vernon County was transferred to theVenezuelan Navy on 29 June 1973 on loan. Assigned the nameAmazonas (T-21) inVenezuelan service, she was permanently transferred, via cash sale, to Venezuela on 1 December 1977. She was simultaneously struck from theNavy List.
Amazonas ran aground on 6 August 1980, but was repaired and returned to Venezuelan Navy service.
This article incorporates text from thepublic domainDictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entries can be foundhere andhere.
| |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
