Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Kingdom

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromU.S. Ambassador to Great Britain)

Ambassador of the
United States of America to the
Court of St James's
Seal of the United States Department of State
since May 21, 2025[1][2]
U.S. Department of State
StyleHis or Her Excellency (formal)
Mr. or Madam Ambassador (informal)
Reports toUnited States Secretary of State
ResidenceWinfield House
SeatEmbassy of the United States, London,United Kingdom
AppointerPresident of the United States
with theadvice and consent of theSenate
Term lengthAt the pleasure of the president
Inaugural holderJohn Adams (as Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James's)
Formation1785
Websiteuk.usembassy.gov

TheUnited States ambassador to the United Kingdom, formally theambassador of the United States of America to the Court of St James's,[3] is the official representative of thepresident and theUnited States government to theBritish monarch (the Court of St James's) and thegovernment of the United Kingdom.[4] The position is currently held byWarren Stephens, who presented his credentials toKing Charles III on May 21, 2025.[1][2]

The position is regarded as one of the most prestigious posts in theUnited States Foreign Service due to the "special relationship" between the United States and the United Kingdom.[5] The ambassadorship has been held by various notable politicians, including five who would later become president:John Adams,James Monroe,John Quincy Adams,Martin Van Buren andJames Buchanan. However, the modern tendency of American presidents (of both parties) is to appoint keen politicalfundraisers from previouspresidential campaigns, despite the importance and prestige of the office.[6]

Theambassador and executive staff work at theAmerican Embassy inNine Elms,London. The official residence of the ambassador isWinfield House inRegent's Park.[3]

Duties

[edit]

The ambassador's main duty is to present U.S. policies to thegovernment of the United Kingdom and its people, as well as report British policies and views to thefederal government of the United States. The ambassador serves as a primary channel of communication between the two nations and plays an important role in treaty negotiations.

The ambassador is the head of the United States' consular service in the United Kingdom. As well as directing diplomatic activity in support of trade, the ambassador is ultimately responsible for visa services and for the provision of consular support to American citizens in the UK and oversees cultural relations between the two countries.

List of U.S. chiefs of mission to the Court of St James's

[edit]

Ministers (1785–1812)

[edit]

 Independent

 Democratic-Republican

 Democrat

 Whig

 Republican

John Adams is referred to as the first "ambassador".[7] He is also referred to as the first "minister plenipotentiary".[8]Plenipotentiary means "having full power"; a minister that has power to act for their country in all matters.[9]

NamePortraitAppointmentPresentationTerminationAppointerNotes
John AdamsFebruary 24, 1785June 1, 1785February 20, 1788 CongressSecond president of the United States[a]
Thomas PinckneyJanuary 12, 1792August 9, 1792July 27, 1796 George Washington
Rufus KingMay 20, 1796July 27, 1796May 16, 1803
James Monroe1803August 17, 1803October 7, 1807 Thomas JeffersonFifth president of the United States
William PinkneyFebruary 26, 1808April 27, 1808May 7, 1811
Jonathan RussellJuly 27, 1811November 15, 1811June 18, 1812James Madison[b]

Ministers (1815–1893)

[edit]

Diplomatic relations with what had now become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland were restored after theWar of 1812. TheCongress of Vienna (1815) established a uniform system ofdiplomatic rank. Under that system, the highest rank of "ambassador" was a personal representative of a sovereign, and the next rank of "minister", represented a government. As a republic, the United States maintained diplomatic relations with Britain at the rank ofEnvoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary. The rank was colloquially known asMinister, and the position continued to be referred to as "United States Minister to Great Britain".

NamePortraitAppointmentPresentationTerminationAppointerNotes
John Quincy AdamsApril 28, 1814June 8, 1815May 14, 1817 James MadisonSixth president of the United States and son of John Adams
Richard Rush1817February 12, 1818April 27, 1825James Monroe
Rufus KingMay 5, 1825November 11, 1825June 16, 1826John Quincy Adams
Albert GallatinMay 10, 1826September 1, 1826October 4, 1827
William Beach LawrenceNov 23, 1827November 24, 1828[11][12]
James BarbourMay 23, 1828November 24, 1828October 1, 1829
Louis McLane1829October 12, 1829June 13, 1831 Andrew Jackson
Martin Van BurenAugust 8, 1831September 21, 1831March 19, 1832Eighth president of the United States
Aaron VailJuly 13, 1832July 13, 1836[c]
Andrew StevensonMarch 16, 1836July 13, 1836October 21, 1841
Edward Everett1841December 16, 1841August 8, 1845 John Tyler
Louis McLane1845August 8, 1845August 18, 1846 James K. Polk
George BancroftSeptember 9, 1846November 12, 1846August 31, 1849
Abbott LawrenceAugust 20, 1849October 20, 1849October 12, 1852 Zachary Taylor
Joseph R. IngersollAugust 21, 1852October 16, 1852August 23, 1853Millard Fillmore
James BuchananApril 11, 1853August 23, 1853March 15, 1856 Franklin PierceFifteenth president of the United States
George M. DallasFebruary 4, 1856April 4, 1856May 16, 1861
Charles Francis Adams Sr.March 20, 1861May 16, 1861May 13, 1868 Abraham LincolnSon of John Quincy Adams
Reverdy JohnsonJune 12, 1868September 14, 1868May 13, 1869 Andrew Johnson
John Lothrop MotleyApril 13, 1869June 18, 1869December 6, 1870 Ulysses S. Grant
Robert C. SchenckDecember 22, 1870June 23, 1871March 3, 1876
Edwards PierrepontMay 22, 1876July 11, 1876December 22, 1877
John WelshNovember 9, 1877December 22, 1877August 14, 1879Rutherford B. Hayes
James Russell LowellJanuary 26, 1880March 11, 1880May 19, 1885
Edward John PhelpsMarch 23, 1885May 19, 1885January 31, 1889 Grover Cleveland
Robert Todd LincolnMarch 30, 1889May 25, 1889May 4, 1893 Benjamin Harrison

Ambassadors (1893–present)

[edit]

Although Francebecame a republic in 1870, the country continued to exchange ambassadors with other Great Powers. In 1893, the United States followed the French precedent and upgraded its relations with other Great Powers to the ambassadorial level. The United StatesLegation in London became theUnited States Embassy, and the United States Minister to Great Britain became the United States Ambassador to Great Britain.

NamePortraitAppointmentPresentationTerminationAppointerNotes
Thomas F. Bayard1893June 22, 1893March 17, 1897 Grover Cleveland
John Hay1897May 3, 1897September 12, 1898 William McKinley
Joseph Hodges ChoateJanuary 19, 1899March 6, 1899May 23, 1905
Whitelaw ReidMarch 8, 1905June 5, 1905December 15, 1912Theodore Roosevelt†
Walter Hines PageApril 21, 1913May 30, 1913October 3, 1918 Woodrow Wilson
John W. DavisNovember 21, 1918December 18, 1918March 9, 1921
George Brinton McClellan HarveyApril 16, 1921May 12, 1921November 3, 1923 Warren G. Harding
Frank B. Kellogg1924January 14, 1924February 10, 1925Calvin Coolidge
Alanson B. HoughtonFebruary 24, 1925April 27, 1925March 28, 1929
Charles G. DawesApril 16, 1929June 15, 1929December 30, 1931Herbert Hoover
Andrew W. MellonFebruary 5, 1932April 9, 1932March 17, 1933
Robert Worth BinghamMarch 23, 1933May 23, 1933November 19, 1937 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Joseph P. KennedyJanuary 17, 1938March 8, 1938October 22, 1940
John G. WinantFebruary 11, 1941March 1, 1941April 10, 1946
W. Averell HarrimanApril 2, 1946April 30, 1946October 1, 1946Harry S. Truman
Lewis W. DouglasMarch 6, 1947March 25, 1947November 16, 1950
Walter S. GiffordDecember 12, 1950December 21, 1950January 23, 1953
Winthrop W. AldrichFebruary 2, 1953February 20, 1953February 1, 1957 Dwight D. Eisenhower
John Hay WhitneyFebruary 11, 1957February 28, 1957January 14, 1961
David K. E. BruceFebruary 22, 1961March 17, 1961March 20, 1969 John F. Kennedy
Walter AnnenbergMarch 14, 1969April 29, 1969October 30, 1974 Richard Nixon
Elliot RichardsonFebruary 20, 1975March 21, 1975January 16, 1976Gerald Ford
Anne ArmstrongJanuary 29, 1976March 17, 1976March 3, 1977
Kingman Brewster, Jr.April 29, 1977June 3, 1977February 23, 1981 Jimmy Carter
John J. Louis, Jr.May 7, 1981May 27, 1981November 7, 1983 Ronald Reagan
Charles H. Price IINovember 11, 1983December 20, 1983February 28, 1989
Henry E. Catto, Jr.April 14, 1989May 17, 1989March 13, 1991George H. W. Bush
Raymond G. H. SeitzApril 25, 1991June 25, 1991May 10, 1994
William J. Crowe, Jr.May 13, 1994June 2, 1994September 20, 1997 Bill Clinton
Philip LaderAugust 1, 1997September 22, 1997February 28, 2001
William S. Farish IIIJuly 12, 2001August 1, 2001June 11, 2004 George W. Bush
Robert H. TuttleJuly 9, 2005October 19, 2005February 6, 2009
Louis SusmanJuly 13, 2009October 13, 2009April 3, 2013 Barack Obama
Matthew BarzunAugust 6, 2013December 4, 2013January 18, 2017[d]
Lewis LukensJanuary 18, 2017January 18, 2017November 8, 2017 Donald TrumpChargé d'Affaires[14]
Woody JohnsonAugust 3, 2017November 8, 2017January 20, 2021[15]
Yael LempertJanuary 20, 2021January 20, 2021August 1, 2021 Joe BidenChargé d'Affaires[16]
Philip ReekerJuly 15, 2021August 1, 2021July 19, 2022 Chargé d'Affaires[17]
Jane D. HartleyMay 25, 2022July 19, 2022January 20, 2025 
Matthew PalmerJanuary 20, 2025January 20, 2025May 12, 2025 Donald TrumpChargé d'Affaires[18]
Warren StephensApril 29, 2025May 21, 2025Incumbent

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^John Adams became so frustrated with his cool reception at the court that he closed the legation in 1788 and the post remained vacant for four years.[10]
  2. ^From 1811 to the outbreak of theWar of 1812,chargé d'affaires Johnathan Russell was the chief United States officer in London. The United States severed relations with the United Kingdom on the outbreak of the War of 1812; normal relations were restored in 1815.[10]
  3. ^Chargé d'affaires
  4. ^Lewis Lukens became the chargé d'affaires.[13][14]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab@USAmbUK (May 22, 2025)."After presenting my diplomatic credentials at Buckingham Palace, I was joined by my wife Harriet..." (Tweet) – viaTwitter.
  2. ^ab"Court Circular: May 21, 2025".The Times. United Kingdom. May 22, 2025. RetrievedMay 22, 2025.
  3. ^ab"Ambassador's Residence - Winfield House".uk.usembassy.gov. RetrievedApril 10, 2021.
  4. ^"Recent Ambassadors to the United Kingdom".uk.usembassy.gov. RetrievedApril 10, 2021.
  5. ^Collier, Peter; Horowitz, David (2002).The Kennedys: An American Drama. p. 6.
  6. ^Farrell, Henry (November 28, 2019)."U.S. ambassadorships are destination tourism for the mega-rich".The Washington Post. RetrievedNovember 29, 2020.
  7. ^"John Adams - U.S. Presidents - HISTORY.com".HISTORY.com. RetrievedJuly 8, 2018.
  8. ^"Eyewitness".www.archives.gov. RetrievedJuly 8, 2018.
  9. ^"Definition of "Plenipotentiary"".www.merriam-webster.com. RetrievedJuly 8, 2018.
  10. ^ab"United Kingdom".Diplomatic History of the United States. US Department of State. RetrievedMay 30, 2011.
  11. ^House Documents, Otherwise Publ. as Executive Documents: 13th Congress, 2d Session-49th Congress, 1st Session. United States Congress.
  12. ^Officers and Graduates of Columbia College: Originally the College of the Province of New York Known as King's College. General Catalogue, 1754-1894. New York City: Columbia College. 1894.
  13. ^Davis, Julie Hirschfeld (January 5, 2017)."In Break With Precedent, Obama Envoys Are Denied Extensions Past Inauguration Day".The New York Times.
  14. ^ab"Biography of Ambassador Matthew W. Barzun".U.S. Embassy & Consulates in the United Kingdom. RetrievedJanuary 18, 2017.
  15. ^Borger, Julian (January 19, 2017)."New York Jets owner Woody Johnson to be US ambassador to UK".The Guardian. RetrievedJanuary 20, 2017.
  16. ^"Ambassador Jane Hartley presents her credentials to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II".U.S. Embassy & Consulates in the United Kingdom. July 20, 2022.Archived from the original on August 3, 2022. RetrievedAugust 3, 2022.
  17. ^"Biden selects Jane Hartley as ambassador to U.K. (July 16, 2021)".The Washington Post.
  18. ^"Chargé d'Affaires, a.i., Matthew Palmer (n.d.)". U.S. Embassy. RetrievedMarch 21, 2025.

Further reading

[edit]

External links

[edit]
Current countries
Suspended relations
Defunct countries
Other places
International organizations
Ambassadors-at-large
Ambassadors by President
Other
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Kingdom&oldid=1321096461"
Categories:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp