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In theLatin script,pentagraphs are found primarily inIrish orthography. There is one archaic pentagraph inGerman orthography, which is found in the English wordsNietzschean and derivatives (Nietzscheanism, Nietzscheanist, Nietzscheism, Nietzscheist).
Used between avelarized ("broad") and apalatalized ("slender")consonant:
⟨abhai⟩,⟨obhai⟩,⟨odhai⟩, and⟨oghai⟩ are used to write/əu̯/ (likeRP 'oa' in 'goat';/oː/ inUlster)
⟨amhai⟩ is used to write/əu̯/
⟨adhai⟩ and⟨aghai⟩ are used to write/əi̯/ (/eː/ in Ulster)
⟨aidhe⟩,⟨aighe⟩,⟨oidhi⟩,⟨oidhe⟩,⟨oighi⟩ and⟨oidhe⟩ are used to write/əi̯/
⟨omhai⟩ is used to write/oː/
⟨umhai⟩ is used to write/uː/
Used between a slender and a broad consonant:
⟨eabha⟩ and⟨eobha⟩ used to write/əu̯/ (/oː/ in Ulster)
⟨eamha⟩ is used to write/əu̯/
⟨eadha⟩ and⟨eagha⟩ are used to write/əi̯/ (/eː/ in Ulster)
⟨eomha⟩ is used to write/oː/
Used between two slender consonants:
⟨eidhi⟩ and⟨eighi⟩ are used to write/əi̯/:
⟨sjtsj⟩ is used as the transcription of the Cyrillic letter Щ, representing the consonant/ɕː/ inRussian, for example in the nameChroesjtsjov.
⟨augha⟩ is used in theEnglish namesGaughan andVaughan to represent the sound /ɔː/.
⟨chtch⟩ is used as the transcription of the Cyrillic letter Щ, representing the consonant/ɕː/ inRussian, for example in the nameKhrouchtchev.
⟨cques⟩ is pronounced as /k(ə)/ when the silent plural suffix-s is added to the tetragraphcque and in the proper nameJacques.
⟨tzsch⟩ was once used in German to write the sound/tʃ/ (ch as in cheese). It has largely been replaced by thetetragraph⟨tsch⟩, but is still found inproper names such asTzschirner,Nietzsche, andDelitzsch.