Tyriaeum orTyriaion, also spelledTyraion, was aRoman andByzantine eracivitas in theRoman Province ofPisidia,[1] located tenparasangs fromIconium[2] It was mentioned byXenophon, andPliny andStrabo tell us it was betweenPhilomelium (Akshehr) andLaodicea Combusta.[3][4] It is thought to be near modernIlgın.[5]
Cyrus the Younger reviewed his troops for theCilician queen[6] at Tyriaeum in Phrygia.[7] The town was recognized as a polis byEumenes II of Pergamon in a set of royal letters found inscribed in the schoolyard of Mahmuthisar village south of Ilgin.[8] It then formed part of theRoman Empire and later theByzantine Empire.
During the 11th century, had a substantial Christian population and was so well fortified that even after the defeat at Mantzikert 1071 the Turks were unable to capture it.[9]
The town was taken bySuleiman the Magnificent andTamerlane.[10] In 1308 during theCrusades there was a massacre ofrefugees fromEphesus in this town bySultanAbu Zayyan I.[11]
The city was the seat of an ancientBishopric. Bishop Theotececnus[12] cast a vote at theCouncil of Chalcedon. No longer a residential bishopric, it remains atitular see of theRoman Catholic Church.[13]Tyriaeum was long mistaken as the site ofThyatira of theApocalypse.
38°16′45″N31°54′50″E / 38.2791667°N 31.9138889°E /38.2791667; 31.9138889
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