| Type II cytokine receptor | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | Type II cytokine receptor |
| Pfam clan | CL0159 |
| Membranome | 2 |
| Interferon gamma receptor | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | IFNGR1 | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF07140 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR021126 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1fg9 /SCOPe /SUPFAM | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Interferon-alpha/beta receptor, fibronectin type III | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Interfer-bind | ||||||||
| Pfam | Interfer-bind | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR015373 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1n6u /SCOPe /SUPFAM | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Type II cytokine receptors, also commonly known as class II cytokine receptors, aretransmembraneproteins that are expressed on the surface of certain cells. They bind and respond to a select group ofcytokines includinginterferon type I,interferon type II,interferon type III.[1] and members of theinterleukin-10 family[2][3] Thesereceptors are characterized by the lack of a WSXWS motif which differentiates them fromtype I cytokine receptors.[4]
Typically type II cytokine receptors areheterodimers or multimers with a high and a low affinity component. These receptors are related predominantly by sequence similarities in theirextracellular portions that are composed of tandem Ig-like domains. The structures for theextracellular domains of the receptors for interferon types, I, II, and III are all known.[5]
Type II cytokine receptors are tyrosine-kinase-linked receptors. Theintracellular domain of type II cytokine receptors is typically associated with atyrosine kinase belonging to theJanus kinase (JAK family). Binding of the receptor typically leads to activation of the canonicalJAK/STAT signaling pathway.[6]
Type II cytokine receptors include those that bindinterferons and those that bind members of theinterleukin-10 family (interleukin-10,interleukin-20,interleukin-22, andinterleukin-28).[3][2] Expression of specific receptor varieties is highly variable across tissue types with some receptors being ubiquitously expressed and some receptors only expressed in specific tissues.[4]
Theinterferon receptor is a molecule displayed on the surface of cells which interacts with extracellular interferons. Class II cytokine receptors bind type I, type II, and type III interferons. Type I interferons play important roles in both the adaptive and innate immune responses, prevent proliferation of pathogens, and have antiviral activities. Type II interferons help to modulate the immune system's response to pathogens, and these interferons also respond to pathogens. Type III interferons induce a similar response to type I interferons, but their expression is limited toepithelial cells.[1][4] The receptor is coded for by number of different genes, due to the diversity of types of interferons.Regulation of cell surface receptor levels plays an important role in the regulation and limiting of interferon signaling.
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