TheTwo Mile Square Reservation orTwo Mile Square Reserve was a tract of land inOhio ceded byNative Americans to the United States of America in theTreaty of Greenville in 1795. It was subsequently surveyed in a manner different from surrounding land, and lots sold to settlers.
The Americans won theBattle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, ending theNorthwest Indian War. As a result of the battle, the Treaty of Greenville was signed, which ceded much of southern and eastern Ohio to America. In addition, Article 3 ceded a number of other tracts, including #11: "One piece two miles square, at the lower rapids of theSandusky river."[1] The lower rapids is today inFremont, Ohio, and the reservation is on land that would have otherwise been part of townships four and five north, range fifteen east of theCongress LandsNorth and East of First Principal Meridian.[2]41°20′33″N83°06′40″W / 41.34250°N 83.11111°W /41.34250; -83.11111 (Center of Two Mile Square Reserve)[3]
During theWar of 1812,Fort Stephenson was built within the reservation, and successfully defended byGeorge Croghan against attack byBritish and Indian troops under GeneralProctor.
Congress arranged for a special indiscriminate location survey for the reserve. Under the Act of 1805,[4] William Ewing subdivided it into four sections of a mile square in 1807, with neither township or range. These were numbered one to four, with one in the northeast corner, and counting anti-clockwise.[2] By Act of April 27, 1816,[5] Joseph Wampler resurveyed the exterior lines, laid out 310 in-lots and 63 out-lots in the portion of section one east of the river for the town of Croghanville, set off two "Public Reserves" of one quarter section each, divided a river island in section one in two, and divided the remainder of the reserve into 22 "Fractional Sections" fronting the river of about 80 acres (320,000 m2) each.[2] The reserve was assigned to theCanton Land District, with sales at the office inWooster, for minimum prices assigned by the 1816 act.[2][6] In 1829, the town was incorporated as Lower Sandusky, and the name was changed toFremont in 1848.[6]
