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Twelve Olympians

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Major deities of the Greek pantheon

Fragment of aHellenistic relief (1st century BC–1st century AD) depicting the twelve Olympians carrying their attributes in procession; from left to right: Hestia (scepter), Hermes (winged cap and staff), Aphrodite (veiled), Ares (helmet and spear), Demeter (scepter and wheat sheaf), Hephaestus (staff), Hera (scepter), Poseidon (trident), Athena (owl and helmet), Zeus (thunderbolt and staff), Artemis (bow and quiver) and Apollo (lyre) from theWalters Art Museum.^[1]

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Inancient Greek religion andmythology, thetwelve Olympians are the majordeities of the Greekpantheon, commonly considered to beZeus,Poseidon,Hera,Demeter,Aphrodite,Athena,Artemis,Apollo,Ares,Hephaestus,Hermes, and eitherHestia orDionysus.^[2] They were calledOlympians because, according to tradition, they resided onMount Olympus.

Besides the twelve Olympians, there were many other cultic groupings of twelve gods.

Olympians

[edit]

The Olympians are a race ofdeities, primarily consisting of a third and fourth generation of immortal beings, worshipped as the principal gods of the Greekpantheon and so named because of their residency atopMount Olympus. They gained their supremacy in a ten-year-longwar of gods, in whichZeus led his siblings to victory over the previous generation of ruling immortal beings, theTitans, children of theprimordial deities Gaia andUranus. They were a family of gods, the most important consisting of the first generation of Olympians, offspring of the TitansCronus andRhea: Zeus,Poseidon,Hera,Demeter andHestia, along with the principal offspring of Zeus:Aphrodite,^[3]Athena,Artemis,Apollo,Ares,Hephaestus,Hermes andDionysus. AlthoughHades was a major deity in the Greek pantheon and was the brother of Zeus and the other first generation of Olympians, his realm was far away from Olympus in theunderworld, and thus he was not usually considered to be one of the Olympians.^[4] Olympic gods can be contrasted tochthonic gods^[5] including Hades and his wifePersephone, by mode of sacrifice, the latter receiving sacrifices in abothros (βόθρος, "pit") ormegaron (μέγαρον, "sunken chamber")^[6] rather than at an altar.

The canonical number of Olympian gods was twelve, but besides the (thirteen) principal Olympians listed above, there were many other residents of Olympus, who thus might be considered to be Olympians.^[7]Heracles became a resident of Olympus after hisapotheosis and married another Olympian residentHebe.^[8] According toDiodorus Siculus, some said that Heracles was offered a place among the twelve, but refused as it would mean one of the original twelve being "cast out".^[9] In theIliad, the goddessThemis, who is listed among the twelveTitans, dwells on Olympus alongside the other gods,^[10] making her a Titan and an Olympian at the same time. According to Hesiod, the children ofStyx—Zelus (Envy),Nike (Victory),Kratos (Strength), andBia (Force)—"have no house apart from Zeus, nor any dwelling nor path except that wherein God leads them, but they dwell always with Zeus".^[11] Some others who might be considered Olympians include theHorae, theGraces, theMuses,Eileithyia,Iris,Dione, andGanymede.^[12]

Twelve gods

[edit]

Throughout ancient Greece, there were many cultic groupings of twelve gods, with varying members. The earliest evidence of Greek religious practice involving twelve gods (Greek:δωδεκάθεον,dōdekátheon, fromδώδεκαdōdeka, "twelve", andθεοίtheoi, "gods") comes no earlier than the late sixth century BC.^[13] According toThucydides, analtar of the twelve gods was established in theagora ofAthens by thearchon Pisistratus (son ofHippias and the grandson of the tyrantPisistratus), around 522 BC.^[14] The altar became the central point from which distances from Athens were measured and a place of supplication and refuge.^[15]

Olympia apparently also had an early tradition of twelve gods.^[16] TheHomeric Hymn to Hermes (c. 500 BC) has the god Hermes divide a sacrifice of two cows he has stolen from Apollo, into twelve parts, on the banks of the riverAlpheus (presumably at Olympia):

Next glad-hearted Hermes dragged the rich meats he had prepared and put them on a smooth, flat stone, and divided them into twelve portions distributed by lot, making each portion wholly honorable.^[17]

Pindar, in an ode written to be sung at Olympia c. 480 BC, hasHeracles sacrificing, alongside the Alpheus, to the "twelve ruling gods":^[18]

[Heracles] enclosed theAltis all around and marked it off in the open, and he made the encircling area a resting-place for feasting, honoring the stream of the Alpheus along with the twelve ruling gods.^[19]

Another of Pindar's Olympian odes mentions "six double altars".^[20]Herodorus of Heraclea (c. 400 BC) also has Heracles founding a shrine at Olympia, with six pairs of gods, each pair sharing a single altar.^[21]

Many other places had cults of the twelve gods, includingDelos,Chalcedon,Magnesia on the Maeander, andLeontinoi inSicily.^[22] As with the twelve Olympians, although the number of gods was fixed at twelve, the membership varied.^[23] While the majority of the gods included as members of these other cults of twelve gods were Olympians, non-Olympians were also sometimes included. For example, Herodorus of Heraclea identified the six pairs of gods at Olympia as: Zeus and Poseidon, Hera and Athena, Hermes and Apollo, the Graces and Dionysus, Artemis andAlpheus, andCronus andRhea.^[24] Thus, while this list includes the eight Olympians: Zeus, Poseidon, Hera, Athena, Hermes, Apollo, Artemis, and Dionysus, it also contains three clear non-Olympians: the Titan parents of the first generation of Olympians, Cronus and Rhea, and the river god Alpheus, with the status of theGraces (here apparently counted as one god) being unclear.

Plato connected "twelve gods" with the twelve months and implies that he consideredPluto (or Hades) one of the twelve in proposing that the final month be devoted to him and the spirits of the dead.^[25]

The Roman poetEnnius gives theRoman equivalents (theDii Consentes) as six male-female complements,^[26] preserving the place ofVesta (Greek Hestia), who played a crucial role inRoman religion as a state goddess maintained by theVestals.

List

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There is no single canonical list of the twelve Olympian gods. The thirteen Greek gods and goddesses, along with their Roman counterparts, most commonly considered to be one of the twelve Olympians are listed below.

Greek	Roman	Functions and attributes
Zeus	Jupiter	King of the gods and ruler ofMount Olympus; god of the sky, lightning, thunder, law, order and justice. The youngest child of the Titans Cronus and Rhea. Brother and husband of Hera and brother of Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, and Hestia. He had many affairs with goddesses and mortals, such as his sister Demeter andLeto, mortalsLeda andAlcmene, and more.^[27] His symbols include the thunderbolt, eagle, oak tree, bull, scepter, and scales.
Hera	Juno	Queen of the gods and the goddess of marriage, women, childbirth and family. The youngest daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Sister and wife of Zeus. Being the goddess of marriage, she frequently tried to get revenge on Zeus' lovers and their children. Her symbols include the peacock, cuckoo, and cow.
Poseidon	Neptune	God of the seas, water, storms, hurricanes, earthquakes and horses. The middle son of Cronus and Rhea. Brother of Zeus and Hades. Married to theNereid Amphitrite; although, as with many of the male Greek gods, he had many lovers. His symbols include the trident, horse, bull, and dolphin.
Demeter	Ceres	Goddess of the harvest, fertility, agriculture, nature and the seasons. She presided overgrains and thefertility of the earth. The middle daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Also the lover of Zeus and Poseidon, and the mother ofPersephone,Despoine,Arion. Her symbols include the poppy, wheat, torch, cornucopia, and pig.
Apollo	Apollo	God of Sun, light,prophecy,philosophy, archery, truth, inspiration, poetry, music, arts, manly beauty, medicine, healing, and plague. The son of Zeus andLeto, and the twin brother of Artemis. His symbols include bow and arrow, lyre, raven, swan and wolf.
Artemis	Diana	Goddess of the hunt, the wilderness, virginity, the Moon, archery, childbirth, protection and plague. The daughter of Zeus andLeto, and the twin sister of Apollo. Her symbols include the Moon, horse, deer, hound, she-bear, snake, cypress tree, and bow and arrow.
Ares	Mars	God of war, violence, bloodshed and manly virtues. The son of Zeus and Hera, all the other gods despised him except Aphrodite. His Latin name, Mars, gave us the word "martial". His symbols include the boar, serpent, dog, vulture, spear, and shield.
Athena	Minerva	Goddess of wisdom, handicraft, and warfare.^[28] The daughter of Zeus and theOceanid Metis, she rose from her father's head fully grown and in full battle armor. Her symbols include the owl and the olive tree.
Hephaestus	Vulcan	Master blacksmith and craftsman of the gods; god of the forge, craftsmanship, invention, fire and volcanoes. The son of Hera, either by Zeus or throughparthenogenesis. Married to Aphrodite. His Latin name, Vulcan, gave us the word "volcano". His symbols include fire, anvil, axe, donkey, hammer, tongs, and quail.
Aphrodite	Venus	Goddess of love, pleasure, passion, procreation, fertility, beauty and desire. The daughter of Zeus and the Oceanid or TitanessDione, or perhaps born from the sea foam afterUranus' blood dripped into the sea after being castrated by his youngest son,Cronus, who then threw his father's genitals into the sea. Married to Hephaestus, although she had many adulterous affairs, most notably with Ares. Her name gave us the word "aphrodisiac", while her Latin name, Venus, gave us the word "venereal". Her symbols include the dove, bird, apple, bee, swan,myrtle, and rose.
Hermes	Mercury	Messenger of the gods; god of travel, commerce, communication, borders, eloquence, diplomacy, thieves, and games. He was also the guide of dead souls. The son of Zeus and the nymphMaia. The second-youngest Olympian, just older than Dionysus. His symbols include thecaduceus (staff entwined with two snakes), winged sandals and cap, stork, and tortoise (whose shell he used to invent the lyre).
Most lists of the "twelve Olympians" consist of the above eleven plus either Hestia or Dionysus
Hestia	Vesta	Goddess of the hearth, fire and of the right ordering of domesticity and the family; she was born into the first Olympian generation and was one of the original twelve Olympians. She is the first child of Cronus and Rhea, the elder sister of Hades, Demeter, Poseidon, Hera, and Zeus. Some lists of the Twelve Olympians omit her in favor of Dionysus, but the speculation that she gave her throne to him in order to keep the peace seems to be a modern invention.^{[citation needed]}
Dionysus	Liber	God of wine, the grapevine, fertility, festivity, ecstasy, madness and resurrection. Patron god of the art oftheatre. The son of Zeus and the mortal Theban princessSemele, and the youngest Olympian god. Married to the Cretan princessAriadne. His symbols include the grapevine, ivy, cup, tiger, panther, leopard, dolphin, goat, and pinecone.

Genealogy

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Family tree of the major Olympians^[29]

Uranus's genitals

ZEUS

HERA

POSEIDON

Hades

DEMETER

HESTIA

APOLLO

ARTEMIS

a^[30]

b^[31]

ARES

HEPHAESTUS

ATHENA^[32]

HERMES

DIONYSUS

a^[33]

b^[34]

APHRODITE

Notes

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^Walters Art Museum,accession number 23.40.
^Hansen,p. 250; Burkert, pp. 125 ff.; Dowden,p. 43; Chadwick,p. 85; Müller,pp. 419 ff.; Pache,pp. 308 ff.; Thomas,p. 12; Shapiro,p. 362; Long,pp. 140–141; Morford, p. 113; Hard,p. 80.
^According toHomer, Aphrodite was the daughter of Zeus (Iliad3.374,20.105;Odyssey8.308,320) and Dione (Iliad5.370–71), see Gantz, pp. 99–100. However, According toHesiod,Theogony183–200, Aphrodite was born from Uranus' severed genitals, see Gantz, pp. 99–100.
^Hansen,p. 250; Morford, p. 113; Hardp. 80.
^Chadwick,p. 85.
^Dillon,p. 114.
^Ogden,pp. 2–3; Dowden,p. 43; Hansen,p. 250; Burkert, p. 125.
^Herodotus,2.43–44.
^Diodorus Siculus,4.39.4.
^Homer,Iliad15.88
^Hesiod,Theogony386–388.
^Just who might be called an Olympian is not entirely clear. For example, Dowden,p. 43, describes Heracles, Hebe, the Muses, and the Graces as Olympians, and onp. 45, lists Iris, Dione, and Eileithyia among the Homeric Olympians, while Hansen,p. 250, describes Heracles, Hebe, the Horae, and Ganymede as notable residents of Olympus, but says they "are not ordinarily classified as Olympians".
^Dowden,p. 43; Rutherford, p. 43.
^Rutherford, pp. 43–44;Thucydides,6.54.6–7.
^Gadbery, p. 447.
^Dowden,p. 43; Rutherford, p. 44; Long, pp. 58–62 (T 13), 154–157.
^Long, pp. 61–62 (T 13 G), 156–157;Homeric Hymn to Hermes,128–129.
^Dowden,p. 43; Rutherford, p. 44; Long, pp. 59–60 (T 13 C), 154–155.
^Pindar,Olympian10.49.
^Rutherford, p. 44; Long, pp. 58 (T 13 A), 154;Pindar,Olympian5.5.
^Dowden,p. 43; Rutherford, p. 47; Long, pp. 58–59 (T 13 B), 154;FGrH 31 F34a-b.
^Rutherford, p. 45; Delos: Long, pp.11,87–90 (T 26),182; Chalcedon: Long, pp.56–57 (T 11 D),217–218; Magnesia on the Maeander: Long,pp. 53–54 (T 7),221–223; Leontinoi: Long, pp.95–96 (T 32),p. 157.
^Long, pp. 360–361, lists 54 Greek (and Roman) gods, including the thirteen Olympians mentioned above, who have been identified as members of one or more cultic groupings of twelve gods.
^Dowden,p. 43; Rutherford, p. 47; Hard,p. 81; Long, pp. 58–59 (T 13 B), 141, 154;FGrH 31 F34a-b.
^Rutherford, pp. 45–46;Plato,The Laws 828b-d.
^"Greek mythology".Encyclopedia Americana. Vol. 13. 1993. p. 431.
^Hamilton, Edith (September 26, 2017).Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. Illustrated by Tierney, Jim. (75th anniversary illustrated ed.). New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers.ISBN 978-0-316-43852-0.OCLC 1004059928.
^Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature. Merriam-Webster. 1995. p. 81.ISBN 9780877790426.
^This chart is based uponHesiod'sTheogony, unless otherwise noted.
^According toHomer,Iliad1.570–579,14.338,Odyssey8.312, Hephaestus was apparently the son of Hera and Zeus, see Gantz, p. 74.
^According toHesiod,Theogony927–929, Hephaestus was produced by Hera alone, with no father, see Gantz, p. 74.
^According toHesiod'sTheogony886–890, of Zeus's children by his seven wives, Athena was the first to be conceived, but the last to be born; Zeus impregnated Metis then swallowed her, later Zeus himself gave birth to Athena "from his head", see Gantz, pp. 51–52, 83–84.
^According toHesiod,Theogony183–200, Aphrodite was born from Uranus's severed genitals, see Gantz, pp. 99–100.
^According toHomer, Aphrodite was the daughter of Zeus (Iliad3.374,20.105;Odyssey8.308,320) and Dione (Iliad5.370–71), see Gantz, pp. 99–100.

References

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Burkert, Walter,Greek Religion,Harvard University Press, 1985.ISBN 0-674-36281-0.
Chadwick, John,The Mycenaean World, Cambridge University Press, 1976.ISBN 9780521290371.
Dillon, Matthew,Girls and Women in Classical Greek Religion. London: Routledge. (2002).ISBN 0415202728.
Diodorus Siculus,Library of History, Volume III: Books 4.59-8, translated byC. H. Oldfather,Loeb Classical Library No. 340. Cambridge, Massachusetts,Harvard University Press, 1939.ISBN 978-0-674-99375-4.Online version at Harvard University Press.Online version by Bill Thayer.
Dowden, Ken, "Olympian Gods, Olympian Pantheon", inA Companion to Greek Religion, Daniel Ogden editor, John Wiley & Sons, 2010.ISBN 9781444334173.
Gadbery, Laura M., "The Sanctuary of the Twelve Gods in the Athenian Agora: A Revised View",Hesperia61 (1992), pp. 447–489.
Gantz, Timothy,Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes:ISBN 978-0-8018-5360-9 (Vol. 1),ISBN 978-0-8018-5362-3 (Vol. 2).
Hansen, William, William F. Hansen,Classical Mythology: A Guide to the Mythical World of the Greeks and Romans, Oxford University Press, 2005.ISBN 9780195300352.
Hard, Robin (2004),The Routledge Handbook of Greek Mythology: Based on H.J. Rose's "Handbook of Greek Mythology", Psychology Press, 2004,ISBN 9780415186360.Google Books.
Herodotus;Histories,A. D. Godley (translator), Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1920;ISBN 0674991338.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
Hesiod,Theogony, inThe Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation byHugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
Homer,The Iliad with an English Translation by A. T. Murray, Ph.D., in two volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.The Iliad (Murray) – viaWikisource.
Homer;The Odyssey with an English Translation by A. T. Murray, Ph.D., in two volumes. Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.Vol. I,Vol. II at theInternet Archive.
Homeric Hymn to Hermes (4), inThe Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, Massachusetts., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
Long, Charlotte R.,The Twelve Gods of Greece and Rome, Brill Archive, Jan 1, 1987.Google Books.
Morford, Mark P. O., Robert J. Lenardon,Classical Mythology, Eighth Edition, Oxford University Press, 2007.ISBN 978-0-19-530805-1.
Müller, Karl Otfried,Ancient Art and Its Remains: Or, A Manual of the Archaeology of Art, translated by John Leitch, B. Quaritch, 1852.
Ogden, Daniel "Introduction" toA Companion to Greek Religion, Daniel Ogden editor, John Wiley & Sons, 2010.ISBN 9781444334173.
Pache, Corinne Ondine, "Gods, Greek" inThe Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome, Volume 3, Oxford University Press. 2010.ISBN 9780195170726.
Pindar,Odes, Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990.
Plato,Laws inPlato in Twelve Volumes, Vols. 10 & 11 translated by R. G. Bury. Cambridge, Massachusetts,Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1967 & 1968.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
Rutherford, Ian, "Canonizing the Pantheon: the Dodekatheon in Greek Religion and its Origins" inThe Gods of Ancient Greece: Identities and Transformations, editors Jan N. Bremmer, Andrew Erskine, Edinburgh University Press 2010.ISBN 978-0748637980.
Shapiro, H. A., "Chapter 20: Olympian Gods at Home and Abroad" inA Companion to Greek Art, editorsTyler Jo Smith, Dimitris Plantzos, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.ISBN 9781118273371.
Thomas, Edmund, "From the pantheon of the gods to the Pantheon of Rome" inPantheons: Transformations of a Monumental Idea, editors Richard Wrigley,Matthew Craske, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2004.ISBN 9780754608080.
Thucydides,Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1., Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881.Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.

Epic Cycle	Aethiopis Cypria Iliad Iliupersis Little Iliad Nostoi Odyssey Telegony
Theban Cycle	Oedipodea Thebaid Epigoni Alcmeonis
Others	Aesop's Fables Aretalogy Argonautica Bibliotheca Catalogue of Women Cyranides Delphic maxims Derveni papyrus Dionysiaca Golden Verses of Pythagoras Greek Magical Papyri Homerica Homeric Hymns Interpretation of Dreams Oneirocritica Orphic Hymns Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis Sibylline Books Sortes Astrampsychi Stories fromPlato Atlantis Myth of Er Ring of Gyges Theogony Works and Days

Religions

Antecedents	Minoan religion Mycenaean religion List of Mycenaean deities Paleo-Balkan mythology Proto-Indo-European mythology Religions of the ancient Near East
Expressions	Atheism Henotheism Monotheism Polytheism
Hellenistic religions	Early Christianity Christianization Relationship with Greek philosophy Esoteric systems Early alchemy Gnosticism Hermeticism Neoplatonism Hellenistic Judaism God-fearers Hypsistarians Syncretic religions Alexander Ptolemaic cult Etruscan religion Greco-Buddhism Roman religion Imperial cult Religious views of emperor Julian
Mystery religions and sacred mysteries	Arcadian Mysteries Delos Mysteries Dionysian Mysteries Eleusinian Mysteries Imbrian Mysteries Mithraism Mysteries of Isis Orphism Samothracian Mysteries
New religious movements	Discordianism Feraferia Gaianism Hellenism

Religious practice

Worship
/ rituals

Religious
offices

Religious
objects

Magic

Events

Festivals
/ feasts

Games

Agon Panathenaic Games Rhieia
Panhellenic Games	Olympic Games Heraean Games Pythian Games Nemean Games Isthmian Games Actia

Sacred places

Temples / sanctuaries	Asclepieion Delphinion Mithraeum Necromanteion of Acheron Nymphaeum Panionium Parthenon Ploutonion Telesterion Temenos Temple of Artemis, Ephesus Temple of Zeus, Olympia
Oracles	Amphiareion of Oropos Aornum Claros Delphi Didyma Dodona Oracle of Apollo Thyrxeus at Cyaneae Oracle of Apollo at Ptoion Oracle of Artemis at Ikaros Oracle of Menestheus Sanctuary of the Great Gods Tegyra
Mountains	Cretea Mount Ida (Crete) Mount Ida (Turkey) Mount Lykaion Olympus
Caves	Cave of Zeus, Aydın Caves of Pan Psychro Cave Vari Cave
Islands	Island of Achilles Delos Islands of Diomedes
Springs	Castalian Spring Hippocrene Pierian Spring
Others	Athenian sacred ships Paralus Salaminia Eleusis Hiera Orgas Kanathos Olympia Sacred Way Theatre of Dionysus

Myths andmythology

Deities
(Family tree)

Primordial deities

Titans

First generation	Coeus Crius Cronus Hyperion Iapetus Mnemosyne Oceanus Phoebe Rhea Tethys Theia Themis
Second generation	Asteria Astraeus Atlas Eos Epimetheus Helios Leto Menoetius Metis Pallas Perses Prometheus Selene
Third generation	Hecate Hesperus Phosphorus

Twelve Olympians

Water deities

Love deities

Erotes	Anteros Eros Hedylogos Hermaphroditus Himeros Hymen/Hymenaeus Pothos
Aphrodite Aphroditus Philotes Peitho

War deities

Chthonic deities

Psychopomps	Charon Hermes Hermanubis Thanatos
Angelos Cabeiri TheErinyes (Furies) Hades /Pluto Hecate Hypnos Keres Lampad Melinoë Persephone Zagreus

Health deities

Sleep deities

Messenger deities

Trickster deities

Magic deities

Art and beauty deities

Other major deities

Heroes /
heroines

Individuals

Groups

Oracles
/ seers

Other
mortals

Underworld

Entrances to
the underworld

Rivers

Lakes/swamps

Caves

Cave atCape Matapan Cave atLake Avernus Cave atHeraclea Pontica
Charoniums	Charonium atAornum Charonium atAcharaca

Ploutonion

Ploutonion atAcharaca
Ploutonion atEleusis
Ploutonion at Hierapolis

Necromanteion (necromancy temple)

Necromanteion of Acheron

Places

Judges

Guards

Residents

Visitors

Symbols/objects

Animals, daemons,
and spirits

Mythical

Beings

Lists

Minor spirits

Beasts /
creatures

Centaur Centaurides Ichthyocentaur Cyclops Dragon Drakaina Echidna Giant Gorgon Harpy Hecatonchires Hippocampus Horses of Helios Lamia Phoenix Python Siren Scylla andCharybdis Sphinx Typhon
Captured / slain by heroes	Calydonian boar Cerberus Cerynian Hind Chimera Cretan Bull Crommyonian Sow Erymanthian boar Khalkotauroi Lernaean Hydra Mares of Diomedes Medusa Minotaur Nemean lion Orthrus Polyphemus Stymphalian birds Talos Teumessian fox

Tribes

Places
/ Realms

Events

Apollo and Daphne Calydonian boar hunt Echo and Narcissus Eros and Psyche Judgment of Paris Labours of Heracles Orpheus and Eurydice Returns from Troy Odyssey
Wars	Amazonomachy Attic War Centauromachy Gigantomachy Indian War Theomachy Titanomachy Trojan War

Objects

Symbols

Modern
treatments

AncientGreek deities

Primal
elements

Titans

TwelveTitans	Coeus Crius Cronus Dione Hyperion Iapetus Mnemosyne Oceanus Phoebe Rhea Tethys Theia Themis
Descendants of the Titans	Asteria Astraeus Atlas Eos Epimetheus Helios Leto Menoetius Pallas Perses Prometheus Selene

Olympian
deities

Twelve Olympians	Aphrodite Apollo Ares Artemis Athena Demeter Dionysus Hephaestus Hera Hermes Hestia Poseidon Zeus
Olympian Gods	Asclepius Eileithyia Enyo Eris Iris Harmonia Hebe Heracles Paean Pan
Muses	Daughters ofZeus Calliope Clio Euterpe Erato Melpomene Polyhymnia Terpsichore Thalia Urania Daughters ofApollo Apollonis Borysthenis Cephisso Boeotian Muses Aoide Melete Mneme Muses of theLyre Hypate Mese Nete Muses atSicyon Polymatheia
Charites (Graces)	Aglaia Euphrosyne Hegemone Pasithea Thalia
Horae (Hours)	Dike Eirene Eunomia
Children ofStyx	Bia Kratos Nike Zelus

Water
deities

Sea deities	Amphitrite Benthesikyme Brizo Calliste Calypso Ceto Eurybia Glaucus Leucothea Melicertes Nereus Nerites Oceanus Phorcys Pontus Poseidon Proteus Rhodos Tethys Thalassa Thaumas Thetis Triton
Oceanids	Acaste Admete Asia Callirhoe Ceto Clymene (consort of Helios) Clymene (wife of Iapetus) Clytie Dione Dodone Doris Electra Eurynome Idyia Melia (consort of Apollo) Melia (consort of Inachus) Metis Perse Philyra Pleione Pluto Styx Telesto Theia Zeuxo
Nereids	Amatheia Amphithoe Amphitrite Arethusa Cymatolege Cymo Dynamene Galatea Galene Protomedeia Psamathe Sao Spio Thalia Thetis
River gods	Achelous Alpheus Anapus Asopus Asterion Axius Caanthus Cebren Cephissus Enipeus Kladeos Meander Nilus Numicus Phasis Phyllis Peneus Sangarius Scamander Selemnus Simoeis Strymon
Naiads	Aegina Achiroe Aganippe TheAnigrides Argyra Bistonis Bolbe Caliadne Cassotis Castalia Cleocharia Creusa Daphne Drosera Harpina TheIonides Ismenis Larunda Lilaea Liriope Melite Metope Minthe Moria Nana Nicaea Orseis Pallas Pirene Salmacis Stilbe TheThriae Corycia Cleodora Melaina Tiasa

Personifications

Children ofEris	Algos Amphillogiai TheAndroktasiai Ate Dysnomia Horkos Hysminai Lethe Logoi Limos Machai Neikea Phonoi Ponos Pseudea
Children ofNyx	Apate Eris Geras Hesperides Hypnos TheKeres TheMoirai Atropos Clotho Lachesis Momus Moros Nemesis Oizys TheOneiroi Philotes Thanatos
Others	Achlys Adephagia Aergia Aidos Aion Alala Alastor Aletheia Alke Amechania Anaideia Ananke Angelia Anteros Apheleia Arete TheArae Astraea Caerus Chronos Chrysus Corus Deimos Dikaiosyne Dyssebeia Eiresione Ekecheiria Eulabeia Eupraxia Eusebeia Ersa Eros Erotes Gelos Hedone Hedylogos Heimarmene Hermaphroditus Homados Homonoia Horme Hymen Iacchus Ioke Kakia Koalemos Kydoimos TheLitae Lyssa TheManiae Methe Nomos Palioxis Peitharchia Peitho Penia Penthus Pepromene Pheme Phobos Phrike Phthonus Poine Polemos Poros Praxidice Proioxis Prophasis Soter Soteria Thrasos Tyche

Other deities

Sky	TheAnemoi Boreas Eurus Notus Zephyrus Hesperus Phosphorus Phaethon Astrape and Bronte Aura TheHesperides TheHyades Nephele ThePleiades Alcyone Sterope Celaeno Electra Maia Merope Taygete Sirius Tritopatores
Agriculture	Aphaia Demeter Despoina Eunostus Opora Philomelus Plutus
Health	Asclepius Aceso Epione Iaso Hygieia Paean Panacea Telesphorus
Rustic deities	Aetna Agdistis TheAlseids Amphictyonis Aristaeus Attis Britomartis TheCabeiri Comus TheDryades Erato TheHamadryades Chrysopeleia TheEpimelides Hecaterus Leuce TheMaenades TheMeliae Hyperborean maidens TheOreads Echo Priapus Rhapso Silenus Telete
Others	Aphroditus Arke Auxesia Enodia Circe Enyalius Hecate Orthanes Palaestra Pasiphaë Phanes Sosipolis