| Tuxá | |
|---|---|
| Rodela | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Bahia,Pernambuco |
| Ethnicity | Tuxá [pt] |
| Extinct | after 1960s? |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tud |
| Glottolog | tuxa1239 |
Tuxá (Tusha; alsoTodela ~ Rodela, Carapató, Payacú) was the eastern Brazilian language of theTuxá people, who now speak Portuguese andDzubukuá.[2] The language was believed to have ceased being spoken in the late 19th century, but in the 1960s a research team found two women that had been expelled from the Tuxa tribe inBahia who knew some thirty words.
It was spoken along theSão Francisco River nearGlória, Bahia, and was reported by Loukotka (1968) to have more recently been in the village ofRodelas,Pernambuco (now part ofBahia).[3]
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[3]
| gloss | Tushá |
|---|---|
| ear | kramakeː |
| tooth | takaí |
| man | zyunkurun |
| sun | enkeː |
| moon | zyerõmeːkeː |
| earth | zyerintin |
Tushá vocabulary collected by Antônio Likaro e Cordorina inRodelas:[4]
| Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Tushá |
|---|---|---|
| sol | sun | enkê |
| lua | moon | jerõmêkê |
| céu | sky | eisrêmêkê |
| terra | earth | jerintin |
| Rio São Francisco | São Francisco River | Kaleshí |
| homem | man | junkurun |
| mulher | woman | lãkãtí |
| menino | boy | jití |
| menina | girl | kaití |
| cabelo | hair | tixí |
| dente | tooth | takaí |
| orelha | ear | kramákê |
| cachimbo | smoking pipe | tôrú |
| teiú | Tupinambis lizard | tishiriú |
In 1961, Wilbur Pickering recorded the following word list inJuazeiro,Bahia from Maria Dias dos Santos. She was an elderly rememberer of Tuxá who was born inRodelas, but later moved toJuazeiro.[5]
| Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Tuxá |
|---|---|---|
| água | water | ˈmiˈaŋga |
| cabeça | head | kaˈka |
| cabelo | hair | kakaˈi |
| cachorro | dog | kašuˈi |
| carne | meat | oˈtiši |
| criança (menino) | child (boy) | guřituˈi |
| fogo | fire | toˈe |
| fumo | smoke | paˈka |
| muitas | many | kalatuˈi |
| muitas cabeças | many heads | kalatuˈi kaˈka |
| ovelha | sheep | alvεˈmą |
| panela | pan | ˈmunduřu |
| sol | sun | šaˈřola |
| pessoa suja | dirty person | ˈšuvaˈd̯ya |
| acangatara | acangatara (type of ceremonial feather headband) | ˈgoxo |
| cachaça | cachaça | auˈřiŋka |
| cachimbo | smoking pipe | maˈlaku |
| chocalho | rattle | mařaˈka |
| deus | God | tumˈpą |
| dinheiro | money | kaːmˈba |
| farinha | flour | koˈñuna |
| gado | cattle | gadiˈma |
| melancia | watermelon | ˈvεřdoˈa |
| negro | black | tupiˈʌŋka |
| peba | six-banded armadillo | kabulεˈtε |
| porco | pig | ˈmokoˈxε |
| preá | Brazilian guinea pig | šuˈřį |
| soldado | soldier | sokoˈdo |
| tatu | armadillo | putiˈa |
| trempe | twitch | mυsˈtřυ̨ |
| urubu | vulture | uˈřikuˈři tutuˈa (?) |
| quem gosta de apreciar o Guarani | who likes to enjoy theGuarani | kalamaˈši; kalatuˈi; kaˈlamototuˈa |