| Turkish Sign Language | |
|---|---|
| Türk İşaret Dili | |
| Native to | Turkey,Northern Cyprus |
| Signers | 250,000 (2021)[1] |
Early form | Possibly fromOttoman Sign Language |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tsm |
| Glottolog | turk1288 |
Turkish Sign Language (Turkish:Türk İşaret Dili, TİD) is the language used by thedeaf community inTurkey. As with othersign languages, TİD has a unique grammar that is different from the oral languages used in the region.
TİD uses a two-handedmanual alphabet which is very different from the two-handed alphabets used in theBANZSL sign languages. It also uses the tongue in certain phrases.
There is little published information on Turkish Sign Language. Turkish Sign Language exhibits a subject-object-verb order (SOV). There is a rich set of modal verbs which appear in a clause-final position.[2]
According to theTurkish Statistical Institute, there are a total of 89,000 people (54,000 male, 35,000 female) withhearing impairment and 55,000 people (35,000 male, 21,000 female) with speaking disability living in Turkey, based on 2000 census data.[3]
TİD is dissimilar from European sign languages. There was acourt sign language of theOttoman Empire, which reached its height in the 16th century and 17th centuries and lasted at least until the early 20th.[4] However, there is no record of the signs themselves and no evidence the language was ancestral to modern Turkish Sign Language.[5]
Deaf schools were established in 1902, and until 1953 used TİD alongside the Turkish spoken and written language in education.[6] Since 1953 Turkey has adopted anoralist approach to deaf education.
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