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Turckheim | |
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 Entrance to Turckheim through the Porte de France | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Turckheim | |
  Turckheim  Turckheim | |
| Coordinates:48°05′14″N7°16′52″E / 48.0872°N 7.2811°E /48.0872; 7.2811 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Haut-Rhin |
| Arrondissement | Colmar-Ribeauvillé |
| Canton | Wintzenheim |
| Intercommunality | Colmar Agglomération |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–2026) | Benoît Schlussel[1] |
Area 1 | 16.46 km2 (6.36 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[2] | 4,139 |
| • Density | 251.5/km2 (651.3/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 68338 /68230 |
| Elevation | 219–840 m (719–2,756 ft) (avg. 240 m or 790 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Turckheim (French pronunciation:[tyʁkaim]ⓘ;Alsatian: Tercka;German:Türkheim) is acommune in theHaut-Rhindepartment inGrand Est in north-easternFrance. It lies west ofColmar, on the eastern slopes of theVosges mountains.
Archeological finds indicate the area was already inhabited duringAncient Rome. When the Germanic tribes invaded and crossed theRhine, theThuringii settled here and possibly gave their name to the town, which was firstThorencohaime and thenThuringheim. During theHigh Middle Ages Thuringheim is listed as belonging partly to the abbey ofMunster and partly to themanor ofHaut-Landsberg, centered inKientzheim.
Turckheim became afree imperial city in 1312, and in 1315, the construction oframparts was begun, which are still in good condition. It already hadcity rights andmarket rights in 1354, and from 1354 to 1679, Turckheim was part of theDécapole, a league of ten free imperial cities of theHoly Roman Empire. After thePeace of Westphalia (1648), Turckheim and the other Alsatian towns refused to swear allegiance to the French king.[citation needed]
During the Franco-Dutch War, the village of Turckheim was taken by French armies, led byHenri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Viscount of Turenne, which subsequently defeated armies of Austria and Brandenburg in what became known as theBattle of Turckheim (1675). Features of the village of Turckheim, especially the gates, help to identify the town in afan currently in theFan Museum inGreenwich, England.[3] In 1678, with the signing of theTreaties of Nijmegen, the French king assumed control over Turckheim.[citation needed]
In 1871, at the end of theFranco-Prussian War, the town, with the rest of the Alsace, became part of theGerman Empire. In 1918, it reverted toFrance.[citation needed]
Turckheim is one of only a few remaining towns in France with a municipal night watchman, who makes the rounds at 10 p.m. between 1 May and 31 October and on the three Saturdays preceding Christmas. Maintained for tourist reasons, the position commemorates the 13th-century night watchman who prevented a fire.[4][5]
Turckheim lies in the valley of the riverFecht, downstream fromMunster. It is 6 km west of the city centre ofColmar.
Turckheim has anoceanic climate (Köppen climate classificationCfb). The average annual temperature in Turckheim is 9.4 °C (48.9 °F). The average annual rainfall is 828.0 mm (32.60 in) with December as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 18.3 °C (64.9 °F), and lowest in January, at around 1.2 °C (34.2 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Turckheim was 35.7 °C (96.3 °F) on 7 August 2015; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −20.0 °C (−4.0 °F) on 13 January 1987.
| Climate data for Turckheim[6] (1981–2010 averages, extremes 1986−present) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) | 19.4 (66.9) | 23.5 (74.3) | 26.0 (78.8) | 30.9 (87.6) | 34.5 (94.1) | 35.5 (95.9) | 35.7 (96.3) | 30.4 (86.7) | 26.4 (79.5) | 19.2 (66.6) | 18.6 (65.5) | 35.7 (96.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) | 4.7 (40.5) | 8.1 (46.6) | 12.1 (53.8) | 17.0 (62.6) | 20.1 (68.2) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.2 (72.0) | 17.5 (63.5) | 13.0 (55.4) | 7.4 (45.3) | 4.1 (39.4) | 12.7 (54.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.2 (34.2) | 1.9 (35.4) | 5.0 (41.0) | 8.4 (47.1) | 13.1 (55.6) | 16.1 (61.0) | 18.3 (64.9) | 18.3 (64.9) | 14.0 (57.2) | 10.1 (50.2) | 4.8 (40.6) | 1.7 (35.1) | 9.4 (48.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −1.5 (29.3) | −0.9 (30.4) | 1.9 (35.4) | 4.7 (40.5) | 9.2 (48.6) | 12.2 (54.0) | 14.3 (57.7) | 14.3 (57.7) | 10.6 (51.1) | 7.1 (44.8) | 2.3 (36.1) | −0.6 (30.9) | 6.2 (43.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −20.0 (−4.0) | −17.4 (0.7) | −13.5 (7.7) | −7.0 (19.4) | −0.5 (31.1) | 3.2 (37.8) | 6.3 (43.3) | 6.2 (43.2) | 2.5 (36.5) | −4.2 (24.4) | −11.7 (10.9) | −17.1 (1.2) | −20.0 (−4.0) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 65.4 (2.57) | 65.0 (2.56) | 63.0 (2.48) | 54.3 (2.14) | 79.8 (3.14) | 69.7 (2.74) | 75.0 (2.95) | 67.6 (2.66) | 65.2 (2.57) | 81.0 (3.19) | 60.6 (2.39) | 81.4 (3.20) | 828.0 (32.60) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 12.0 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 9.2 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 126.1 |
| Source:Météo France[7] | |||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 3,028 | — |
| 1975 | 3,609 | +2.54% |
| 1982 | 3,510 | −0.40% |
| 1990 | 3,567 | +0.20% |
| 1999 | 3,594 | +0.08% |
| 2007 | 3,731 | +0.47% |
| 2012 | 3,723 | −0.04% |
| 2017 | 3,776 | +0.28% |
| Source: INSEE[8] | ||
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1 Part of theThree Bishoprics. 2Nomeny after 1737. 3 withoutReichstag seat. 4 until 1736. 5 JoinedSwiss Confederacy in 1515. Circles est. 1500:Bavarian,Swabian,Upper Rhenish,Lower Rhenish–Westphalian,Franconian,(Lower) Saxon Circles est. 1512:Austrian,Burgundian,Upper Saxon,Electoral Rhenish · Unencircled territories | |||||
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