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Tswanaland | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980–1989 | |||||||||
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 Map of the Bantustan | |||||||||
| Status | Bantustan Second-tier authority (1980–1989) | ||||||||
| Capital | Aminuis | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1980 | ||||||||
• Re-integrated into Namibia | May 1989 | ||||||||
| Currency | South African rand | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Tswanaland was aBantustan and then later a non-geographic ethnic-based second-tier authority, theRepresentative Authority of the Tswanas, inSouth West Africa (present-dayNamibia), in the far central eastern area of the territory around the village ofAminuis. It was intended by theapartheid government to be aself-governing homeland for theTswana people.
Tswanaland was established as a homeland forTswana people in South West Africa. However, unlike all other homelands, it was never implemented that way.Herero people were allowed to stay in the area, and Tswanas remained a minority.[1]
Following theTurnhalle Constitutional Conference the system ofBantustans was replaced in 1980 by Representative Authorities which functioned on the basis of ethnicity only and were no longer based on geographically defined areas.
The Representative Authority of the Tswanas had executive and legislative competencies, being made up of elected Legislative Assemblies which would appoint Executive Committees led by chairmen.
As second-tier authorities, the Representative Authorities had responsibility for land tenure, agriculture, education up to primary level, teachers' training, health services, and social welfare and pensions and their Legislative Assemblies had the ability to pass legislation known as Ordinances.[2]
Tswanaland, like the other homelands in South West Africa, was abolished in May 1989 at the start of the transition toindependence.
Constance Kgosiemang, an ethnic Tswana, was political leader between 1980 and 1989.[3]
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19°35′00″S20°31′00″E / 19.5833°S 20.5167°E /-19.5833; 20.5167
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