| Triuridaceae | |
|---|---|
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| Sciaphila secundiflora | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Pandanales |
| Family: | Triuridaceae Gardner[1] |
| Genera | |
See text | |
Triuridaceae are a family of tropical and subtropicalflowering plants, including nine genera with a total of approximately 55 known species.[2] All members lack chlorophyll and are mycoheterotrophic (obtain food by digesting intracellular fungi, often erroneously called 'saprophytes'). The heterotrophic lifestyle of these plants has resulted in a loss of xylem vessels and stomata, and a reduction of leaves to scales.[3]
The flowers of Triuridaceae have tepals which are fused at the base and contain 10 to many free carpels.
The circumscription of Triuridaceae has been unstable and some taxa may be paraphyletic.[4][5]
Triuridaceae have been allied with Alismataceae (based on the free carpels) but theAPG III system (2009) places them among the non-commelinid monocots, in the Order Pandanales.
The genusLacandonia is sometimes placed in its own family, Lacandoniaceae.[3][6]
Triuridaceae are included in the Kew Royal Botanical Garden World Checklist of Selected Plant Families and were reviewed by H. Maas-van de Kamer and P. Maas-van de Kamer in 2005.[7] In this list, the generaAndruris andHyalisma are subsumed intoSciaphila andHexuris is subsumed intoPeltophyllum, but two new generaKupea andKihansia are included. Both genera were described (and placed in Triuridaceae) in 2003.Mabelia andNuhliantha are fossil genera that were both described in 2002 from theTuronian ofNew Jersey.[8] The included genera therefore are:
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| Other | |
