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Tremont (microarchitecture)

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CPU microarchitecture

Tremont
General information
Product code	80691 (Lakefield) 80697 (Jasper Lake)
Physical specifications
Cores	4–24
Architecture and classification
Technology node	10 nm
Instruction set	x86-16,IA-32,x86-64
Extensions	MMX,SSE,SSE2,SSE3,SSSE3,SSE4,SSE4.1,SSE4.2 AES-NI,RDRAND,CLMUL,SHA VT-x,VT-d
Products, models, variants
Model	Pentium Celeron Atom
History
Predecessor	Goldmont Plus
Successor	Gracemont^[1]

Tremont is amicroarchitecture for low-powerAtom,Celeron andPentium Silver branded processors used insystems on a chip (SoCs) made byIntel. It is the successor toGoldmont Plus.^[2] Intel officially launched Elkhart Lake platform with 10 nm Tremont core on September 23, 2020.^[3] Intel officially launched Jasper Lake platform with 10 nm Tremont core on January 11, 2021.^[4]

Design

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Tremont is the third generationout-of-order low-powerAtom microarchitecture designed for entry-level desktop and notebook computers. Tremont is built on the 10 nm manufacturing process and supports up to 24 cores.^[5] It includes theIntel Gen11 graphics architecture fromIce Lake.

Tremont microarchitecture provides the following enhancements overGoldmont Plus:

Enhancedbranch-prediction unit.
- Increased capacity with improved path-based conditional and indirect prediction.
- New committed return stack buffer.
Novel clustered 6-wide out-of-order front-end fetch and decode pipeline.
- Banked ICache with dual 16B reads.
- Two 3-wide decode clusters enabling up to 6 instructions per cycle.
Deeper back-end out-of-order windows.
32 KB^[a] data cache.
Larger load and store buffers.
Dual generic load and store execution pipes capable of 2 loads, 2 stores, or 1 load and 1 store per cycle.
Dedicated integer and vector integer/floating point store data ports.
New and improved cryptography.
- New Galois-field instructions (GFNI).
- Dual AES units.
- Enhanced SHA-NI implementation.
- Faster PCLMULQDQ.
Support for user level low-power and low-latency spin-loop instructions UMWAIT/UMONITOR and TPAUSE.

Technology

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List of Tremont processors

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Mobile processors (Jasper Lake)

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List of mobile processors as follows:^[8]

Target segment	Cores (threads)	Processor branding & model		GPU model		TDP	SDP	CPUclock rate		Graphics clock rate		L2 cache [MB]	L3 cache [MB]	Release date	Price (USD)
Target segment	Cores (threads)	Processor branding & model		GPU model		TDP	SDP	Base	Turbo	Normal	Turbo	L2 cache [MB]	L3 cache [MB]	Release date	Price (USD)
Mobile	4 (4)	Pentium Silver	N6005	UHD Graphics	32 EU	10 W	N/a	2.0 GHz	3.3 GHz	450 MHz	900 MHz	1.5 MB	4 MB	Q1 2021
		Pentium Silver	N6000		32 EU	6 W	4.8 W	1.1 GHz	3.3 GHz	350 MHz	850 MHz
		Celeron	N5105		24 EU	10 W	N/a	2.0 GHz	2.9 GHz	450 MHz	800 MHz
			N5100		24 EU	6 W	4.8 W	1.1 GHz	2.8 GHz	350 MHz	800 MHz
			N5095		16 EU	15 W	N/a	2.0 GHz	2.9 GHz	450 MHz	750 MHz
	2 (2)		N4505		16 EU	10 W	N/a	2.0 GHz	2.9 GHz	450 MHz
	2 (2)		N4500		16 EU	6 W	4.8 W	1.1 GHz	2.8 GHz	350 MHz

Mobile processors (Lakefield)

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Pentacore Lakefield CPU consists of 1 "big"Sunny Cove core and 4 "little" Tremont cores. AVX support on Sunny Cove (still physically present) is disabled to match Tremont core.

Target segment	Cores (threads)	Processor branding & model		GPU model		TDP	CPUclock rate		Graphics clock rate		L2 cache [MB]	Release date	Price (USD)
Target segment	Cores (threads)	Processor branding & model		GPU model		TDP	Base	Turbo	Normal	Turbo	L2 cache [MB]	Release date	Price (USD)
Mobile	1+4 (5)	Core i5	L16G7	UHD Graphics	64 EU	7 W	1.4 GHz	3.0 GHz	200 MHz	500 MHz	1.5 + 4 (L3)	Q2 2020	$281
Mobile	1+4 (5)	Core i3	L13G4	UHD Graphics	48 EU	7 W	0.8 GHz	2.8 GHz	200 MHz	500 MHz	1.5 + 4 (L3)	Q2 2020	$281

Server processors (Parker Ridge)

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Processors for base transceiver stations (Snow Ridge)

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These processors are exclusively produced for cell phone radio manufacturers.^[9]

Target segment	Cores (threads)	Processor branding & model		TDP	CPUClock rate	L2 cache [MB]	Release date	Price (USD)
Target segment	Cores (threads)	Processor branding & model		TDP	Base	L2 cache [MB]	Release date	Price (USD)
Server	24 (24)	Atom P	P5962B	Unknown	2.2 GHz	27	Q1 2020	Unknown
	24 (24)		P5362	83 W		27	Q2 2022	$708
	20 (20)		P5752	74.5 W		22.5	Q2 2022	$763
	20 (20)		P5352	78 W		22.5	Q2 2022	$654
	16 (16)		P5742	67 W		18	Q2 2022	$752
			P5342	71 W			Q2 2022	$632
			P5942B	Unknown			Q1 2020	Unknown
	12 (12)		P5731	54.5 W		13.5	Q2 2022	$561
			P5332	61 W			Q2 2022	$448
			P5931B	Unknown			Q1 2020	Unknown
	8 (8)		P5721	48 W		9	Q2 2022	$392
	8 (8)		P5322	55 W			Q2 2022	$352
	8 (8)		P5921B	Unknown			Q1 2020	Unknown

Embedded processors (Elkhart Lake)

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List of embedded processors as follows:^[10]

Target segment	Cores (threads)	Processor branding & model		GPU model		TDP	CPU clock rate		Graphics clock rate		L2 cache [MB]	Memory	Release date	Release price (USD)
Target segment	Cores (threads)	Processor branding & model		GPU model		TDP	Base	Turbo	Base	Turbo	L2 cache [MB]	Memory	Release date	Release price (USD)
Embedded	4 (4)	Pentium	J6426	UHD Graphics	32 EU	10 W	1.8 GHz	3.0 GHz	400 MHz	850 MHz	1.5 MB	4 × LPDDR4X-4267 2 × DDR4-3200	Q1 2021
		Pentium	N6415		16 EU	6.5 W	1.2 GHz		350 MHz	800 MHz
		Celeron	J6413			10 W	1.8 GHz		400 MHz
			J6412			10 W	2.0 GHz	2.6 GHz	400 MHz
	2 (2)		N6211			6.5 W	1.2 GHz	3.0 GHz	250 MHz	750 MHz
	4 (4)	Atom	x6425RE		32 EU	12 W	1.9 GHz	N/a	400 MHz	N/a
			x6427FE				1.9 GHz	N/a	400 MHz	N/a
			x6425E				1.8 GHz	3.0 GHz	500 MHz	750 MHz
			x6413E		16 EU	9 W	1.5 GHz	3.0 GHz	500 MHz	750 MHz
			x6414RE				1.5 GHz	N/a	400 MHz	N/a
			x6416RE				1.7 GHz		450 MHz			4 × LPDDR4X-3200 2 × DDR4-3200	Q1 2023
	2 (2)		x6214RE			6 W	1.4 GHz		400 MHz			4 × LPDDR4X-3200 2 × DDR4-3200	Q1 2023
			x6212RE				1.2 GHz		350 MHz			4 × LPDDR4X-4267 2 × DDR4-3200	Q1 2021
			x6211E				1.2 GHz	3.0 GHz	350 MHz	750 MHz
			x6200FE	N/a		4.5 W	1.0 GHz	N/a			1 MB

Notes

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^^a ^bTransistorized memory, such as RAM, ROM, flash and cache sizes as well as file sizes are specified usingbinary meanings for K (1024¹), M (1024²), G (1024³), etc.

References

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^"Gracemont".Gracemont – Microarchitectures – Intel. WikiChip.org. Retrieved29 March 2020.
^"Intel Introduces Tremont Microarchitecture".Intel Newsroom.
^"IoT-Enhanced Processors Increase Performance, AI, Security".
^"CES 2021: Intel Announces Four New Processor Families".
^Cutress, Dr Ian."Intel's new Atom Microarchitecture: The Tremont Core in Lakefield".AnandTech. Archived fromthe original on October 25, 2019. Retrieved2019-10-24.
^"Intel® Processor Graphics Gen11 Architecture"(PDF).software.intel.com. Retrieved2024-07-26.
^"Developer and Optimization Guide for Intel® Processor Graphics Gen11 API".software.intel.com. November 25, 2019.
^"Products formerly Jasper Lake". Intel. Retrieved22 June 2021.
^"Intel Atom® Processor P Series Product Specifications". Retrieved16 June 2024.
^"Products formerly Elkhart Lake".

Intel processors

Lists

Processors
- Atom
- Celeron
- Pentium
  - Pro
  - II
  - III
  - 4
  - D
  - M
- Core
  - 2
  - i3
  - i5
  - i7
  - i9
  - M
- Xeon
- Quark
- Itanium
Microarchitectures
Chipsets

Microarchitectures

IA-32 (32-bit x86)	P5 P6 P6 variant (Pentium M) P6 variant (Enhanced Pentium M) NetBurst
x86-64 (64-bit)	Core Penryn Nehalem Westmere Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Skylake Cannon Lake Sunny Cove Cypress Cove Willow Cove Golden Cove Raptor Cove Redwood Cove Lion Cove Cougar Cove
x86 ULV	Bonnell Saltwell Silvermont Airmont Goldmont Goldmont Plus Tremont Gracemont Crestmont Skymont

Current products

x86-64 (64-bit)	Atom Celeron Pentium Core 10th gen 11th gen 12th gen 13th gen 14th gen Core Ultra 1st gen 2nd gen 3rd gen 4th gen Xeon

Discontinued

BCD oriented (4-bit)	4004 (1971) 4040 (1974)
pre-x86 (8-bit)	8008 (1972) 8080 (1974) 8085 (1977)
Earlyx86 (16-bit)	8086 (1978) 8088 (1979) 80186 (1982) 80188 (1982) 80286 (1982)
x87 (externalFPUs)	8/16-bit databus 8087 (1980) 16-bit databus 80C187 80287 80387SX 32-bit databus 80387DX 80487
IA-32 (32-bit x86)	i386 SX 376 EX i486 SX DX2 DX4 SL RapidCAD OverDrive A100/A110 Atom CE SoC Celeron (1998) M D (2004) Pentium Original i586 OverDrive Pro II III 4 M Dual-Core Core Xeon P6-based NetBurst-based Core-based Quark Tolapai
x86-64 (64-bit)	Atom SoC CE Celeron D Dual-Core Pentium 4 D Extreme Edition Dual-Core Core 2 1st gen 2nd gen 3rd gen 4th gen 5th gen 6th gen 7th gen 8th gen 9th gen 10th gen 11th gen M Xeon Nehalem-based Sandy Bridge-based Ivy Bridge-based Haswell-based Broadwell-based Skylake-based
Other	CISC iAPX 432 EPIC Itanium RISC i860 i960 StrongARM XScale

Intel CPU core roadmaps fromP6 to Panther Lake

Microarch.	Step	Node name	Microarch.	Step
Atom (ULV)		Node name	Pentium/Core
		600 nm	P6	Pentium Pro (133 MHz)
		500 nm		Pentium Pro (150 MHz)
		350 nm		Pentium Pro (166–200 MHz)
		350 nm		Klamath
		250 nm		Deschutes
		250 nm		Katmai	NetBurst
		180 nm		Coppermine	Willamette
		130 nm		Tualatin	Northwood
		130 nm	Pentium M	Banias	Northwood		NetBurst(HT)		NetBurst(×2)
		90 nm		Dothan	Prescott	⇨	Prescott‑2M	⇨	Smithfield
		90 nm		Dothan	~~Tejas~~	→	⇩	→	~~Cedarmill (Tejas)~~
		65 nm		Yonah	~~Nehalem (NetBurst)~~		Cedar Mill	⇨	Presler
		65 nm	Core	Merom	4 cores on mainstream desktop,DDR3 introduced
Bonnell	Bonnell	45 nm	Core	Penryn
	Bonnell	45 nm	Nehalem	Nehalem	HT reintroduced, integratedMC, PCH L3-cache introduced, 256 KB L2-cache/core
	Saltwell	32 nm	Nehalem	Westmere	Introduced GPU on same package andAES-NI
	Saltwell	32 nm	Sandy Bridge	Sandy Bridge	On-die ring bus, no more non-UEFI motherboards
Silvermont	Silvermont	22 nm	Sandy Bridge	Ivy Bridge
	Silvermont	22 nm	Haswell	Haswell	Fully integrated voltage regulator
	Airmont	14 nm	Haswell	Broadwell
	Airmont		Skylake	Skylake	DDR4 introduced on mainstream desktop
Goldmont	Goldmont			Kaby Lake
				Coffee Lake	6 cores on mainstream desktop
				Amber Lake	Mobile-only
Goldmont Plus	Goldmont Plus			Whiskey Lake	Mobile-only
				Coffee Lake Refresh	8 cores on mainstream desktop
				Comet Lake	10 cores on mainstream desktop
			Sunny Cove	Cypress Cove (Rocket Lake)	Backported Sunny Cove microarchitecture for 14 nm
Tremont	Tremont	10 nm	Skylake	Palm Cove (Cannon Lake)	Mobile-only
			Sunny Cove	Sunny Cove (Ice Lake)	512 KB L2-cache/core
			Sunny Cove	Willow Cove (Tiger Lake)	X^e graphics engine
Gracemont	Gracemont	Intel 7 (10 nm ESF)	Golden Cove	Golden Cove (Alder Lake)	Hybrid, DDR5, PCIe 5.0
Gracemont	Gracemont	Intel 7 (10 nm ESF)	Golden Cove	Raptor Cove (Raptor Lake)
Crestmont	Crestmont	Intel 4	Redwood Cove	Meteor Lake	Mobile-only NPU,chiplet architecture
Crestmont	Crestmont	Intel 3	Redwood Cove	Arrow Lake-U
Skymont	Skymont	N3B (TSMC)	Lion Cove	Lunar Lake	Low power mobile only (9–30 W)
Skymont	Skymont	N3B (TSMC)	Lion Cove	Arrow Lake
Darkmont	Darkmont	Intel 18A	Cougar Cove	Panther Lake