Treaty of Aynalıkavak was a treaty betweenOttoman Empire andRussian Empire signed on March 10, 1779. The formal name isAynalıkavak bond of arbitration (Turkish:Aynalıkavak tenkihnamesi).Aynalıkavak is a palace in İstanbul where the treaty was signed.

The Ottoman Empire lost theCrimean Khanate, an Ottoman dependency since 1478, under the terms of the 1774Treaty of Küçükkaynarca. Crimean Khan Devlet Giray (Devlet IV) appealed to theOttoman Porte to renew the region's dependency, a proposal that was not possible under the terms of Küçükkaynarca. The Russian government forced Devlet IV to abdicate upon hearing of his entreaties to the Ottomans and replaced him with a khan they could better manipulate,Şahin Giray. The Ottomans declared the Russian intervention in theCrimea against the terms of the Treaty of Küçükkaynarca.

With theFrench ambassador acting as a mediator, the two empires signed the Treaty of Aynalıkavak to resolve ongoing tensions in the Crimea. The terms of the treaty were^[1][2]

1. The terms of the Treaty of Küçükkaynarca were ratified
2. Both empires promised not to interfere Crimean politics
3. The Russians promised to withdraw their troops from the khanate in three months and twenty days
4. The Ottoman Empire acknowledged Şahin Giray as khan
5. Russian merchant ships were granted the right to free passage in theMediterranean Sea

Russian empressCatherine II was planning to annex Crimea but was aware of the possible consequences. Catherine entered into talks withSweden that ensured that Sweden wouldn't enter into an alliance with the Ottomans in the event of a Russian annexation of Crimea. Russia ultimately annexed the peninsula in 1783.

• 1779 in Asia
• 1779 in the Russian Empire
• 1779 in the Ottoman Empire
• 1779 treaties
• History of Istanbul Province
• Ottoman Empire–Russia treaties

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