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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Travatan, Izba, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a602027 |
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| Routes of administration | Topicaleye drops |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Activation by esterhydrolysis, deactivation bybeta oxidation, OH-oxidation, double bond reduction |
| Onset of action | 2 hours |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 1.5 hours (inaqueous fluid) 45 minutes (terminal) |
| Duration of action | ≥ 24 hours |
| Excretion | Mainly via kidney |
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| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.207.141 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C26H35F3O6 |
| Molar mass | 500.555 g·mol−1 |
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Travoprost, sold under the brand nameTravatan among others, is amedication used to treathigh pressure inside the eye includingglaucoma.[4] Specifically it is used foropen angle glaucoma when other agents are not sufficient.[5][4] It is used as an eye drop.[4] Effects generally occur within two hours.[4]
Common side effects include red eyes, blurry vision, eye pain, dry eyes, and change in color of the eyes.[4][5] Other significant side effects may includecataracts.[5] Use duringpregnancy orbreastfeeding is generally not recommended.[5] It is aprostaglandin analog and works by increasing the outflow ofaqueous fluid from the eyes.[4]
Travoprost was approved for medical use in the United States and in the European Union in 2001.[4][3] It is available as ageneric medication in the United Kingdom.[5] In 2020, it was the 304th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.[6][7]
Travoprost is used to treathigh pressure inside the eye includingglaucoma.[4] Specifically it is used foropen angle glaucoma when other agents are not sufficient.[5][4]
Possible side effects are:[8]
Research suggests that wiping the eye with an absorbent pad after the administration of eye drops can result in shorter eyelashes and a lesser chance of hyperpigmentation in the eyelid, compared to not wiping off excess fluid.[9]
It is a syntheticprostaglandin analog (or more specifically, ananalog ofprostaglandin F2α)[10][11] that works by increasing the outflow ofaqueous fluid from theeyes.[12]
Like other analogs of prostaglandin F2α such astafluprost andlatanoprost, travoprost is anesterprodrug of the free acid, which acts as anagonist at theprostaglandin F receptor, increasing outflow of aqueous fluid from the eye and thus lowering intraocular pressure.[8]
Travoprost is absorbed through thecornea, where it ishydrolysed to the free travoprost acid. Highest concentrations of the acid in the eye are reached one to two hours after application, and its half-life in the aqueous fluid is 1.5 hours. Once it reaches the bloodstream, it is quickly metabolised, so that concentrations in the system do not exceed 25pg/ml (compared to 20 ng/ml in the eye, which is higher by nearly a factor of 1000).[8]
Metabolites are formed bybeta oxidation of the acidic chain (compareTafluprost#Pharmacokinetics),oxidation of theOH-group in the other side chain, and reduction of the double bond next to this OH-group. Travoprost acid and its metabolites are mainly excreted via the kidney[8] with a terminal half-life of 45 minutes.[13]
