| Toyota T100 (XK10/XK20) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Toyota |
| Production | August 1992 – July 1998 |
| Model years | 1993–1998 |
| Assembly | Japan:Hamura, Tokyo (Hino) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Full-sizepickup truck |
| Body style |
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| Layout | |
| Related | |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | |
| Power output |
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| Transmission | |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 121.8 in (3,094 mm) |
| Length | 209.1 in (5,311 mm) |
| Width | 75.2 in (1,910 mm) |
| Height | 66.7–71.6 in (1,694–1,819 mm) |
| Chronology | |
| Successor | Toyota Tundra |
TheToyota T100 is a full-sizepickup truck manufactured and marketed byToyota for model years 1993-1998 for the US and Canada over a single generation.[1]
As Toyota established itself in the North American compact pickup truck market in the 1980s through 1990s, the company offered a truck that was larger than the compact as an alternative to the traditional North American full-size pickup truck market. North American Toyota dealers had long been requesting a full-sized Toyota truck, especially in light of the high percentage ofToyota Pickup owners who moved on to domestic full-sized trucks.[2] The T100 reflected a philosophy of designing products specifically for localized international markets, where traditional products sold and made in Japan wouldn't sell well. This approach is also demonstrated with the introduction of the mid-sizeToyota Camry (XV10) which was larger than the compactToyota Camry (V30) in 1991, and again in 1997 when theToyota Sienna replaced the slow sellingToyota Previa.
Rumored for many years before, the 1993 Toyota T100 boasted a full-size (8 ft) pickup bed but retained theengine and suspension setup of its smaller and older sibling, the compactToyota Truck. Although the T100 was a bit larger than the competitivemid-sizeDodge Dakota, it was still markedly smaller than full-size American pickup trucks of the time. This meant that the T100 occupied its own niche in the truck market.[1] Before introducing the T100, the company reflected on its history of commercial truck manufacture and products they offered in the past. Past products started with theToyota G1, theToyota FA, theToyota BX, theToyota Stout, theToyota ToyoAce, and theToyota Dyna, and its market successes with theirHino Division. Though economical, reliable, and practical, the T100 was slow to be accepted by traditional buyers of full-size competitors, while it was larger than both theToyota Truck followed by theToyota Tacoma compact trucks. Wary of the market pushback of competing directly with the Big Three, Toyota chose this somewhat smaller size (and limited lineup) so as not to risk blowback and import quotas.[2] The T100 was designed and engineered for the North American market and was not sold in Japan.
Although sales were slow at the start, the T100 sales did reach into the mid 40,000 vehicles sold range (1996) in the United States. Sales of theChevrolet C/K were roughly 700,000 per year, while sales of theFord F-Series surged from 550,000 to nearly 850,000 andDodge from 100,000 to 400,000 with the introduction of the newDodge Ram in 1993. Sales of the T100 fell approximately 30 percent when the new Ram went on the market in October 1993, 11 months after the T100's launch in November 1992.[3]
Upon introduction, the T100 was criticized for being too small to appeal to buyers of full-size work trucks, the lack of an extended cab, and the lack of aV8 engine; with the only available engine was a 3.0 literV6, which was already found in Toyota's compact trucks and in the4Runner.[4] Although considered criticisms by many, Toyota stated these were all factors that were taken into consideration when designing and producing the T100. They claimed the smaller size was planned to offer a larger truck with a compact "feel", an Xtracab was on the horizon and the 3.0 liter V6 would provide far better fuel economy than the vehicles it aspired to rival. Both the V6 engine and the somewhat smaller dimensions were influenced by environmental concerns, issues that were irrelevant to American pickup buyers.[2]
Despite the criticisms of size and horsepower, the T100 was also praised by the media, acquiringJ.D. Power and Associates Initial Quality Survey "Best Full-Size Pickup" award and the "Best of What's New" award byPopular Science magazine in its first year on the market. The T100 was the first vehicle – car or truck – ever to receive an "Initial Quality Survey Award" in its first year of production. For 1994 (the truck's second model year) and 1995 (the third), the T100 was again awarded "Best Full-Size Pickup in Initial Quality" byJ.D. Power and Associates. In 1997 the T100 was awarded "Top Three Vehicles in Initial Quality – Full-Size Segment" once again byJ.D. Power and Associates.
When it was introduced, the T100 had one cab configuration, a regular cab, and one available engine, a 3.0 LV6 with 150 hp (112 kW) and 180 lb⋅ft (244 N⋅m) of torque. In 1993, a 2.7 Linline-four engine with 150 hp (112 kW) - same as for the 3.0 V6 - and 177 lb⋅ft (240 N⋅m) of torque was added in the hopes new buyers would be drawn in with promises of greater fuel economy and a lower price than on the initial offerings. The T100 was the first imported pickup truck that could carry a4 by 8 feet plywood sheet between the wheelwells.[4] The regular cab could seat three abreast in the front bench seat; this was split on the SR5 model. Automatics received a column shift while manuals were floor mounted, where thetransfer case shifter was also located on 4WD models.[4]
Toyota ultimately realized there was no alternative but to add more power to the truck and for the 1995 model year Toyota added the 190 hp (142 kW) and 220 lb⋅ft (298 N⋅m) of torque 3.4 LV6. An Xtracab model came along several months into the 1995 model year as well, sitting on the same 121.8 in (3,094 mm) wheelbase with a 6.25 ft (1.9 m) bed. This provided a boost in sales of 150 percent for 1995.[5] The T100 received only minor changes throughout its run, aside from the engine changes and the Xtracab addition. A driver-side airbag was installed for MY 1994 (a passenger-side airbag never became available), and larger 16-inch wheels became the norm for most of the 4X4 models starting in 1996. It was evident by late 1996/ early 1997 that Toyota was already investing in its nexttruck (what ultimately became theToyota Tundra). At the time (late 1990s) some believed a revamped T100 with a V8 engine was on the way, and there were some reports that altered V8 powered T100s were used as test-mules, but ultimately it never came to pass, and the T100 was superseded by the Toyota Tundra.
Toyota Racing Development (TRD) introduced a supercharger for the 3.4-liter engine in 1996 and it became available for the T100, theTacoma and the4Runner with the 3.4-literV6 (and later the Tundra). Horsepower jumped to the 260 hp (194 kW) range (depending on the generation of the supercharger) and 250 lb⋅ft (339 N⋅m) to 265 lb⋅ft (359 N⋅m) of torque. This power add on was available for 1997–1998 T100s only. Earlier 3.4 V6 powered T100s have different computer and electrical layouts which do not support the TRD device.[citation needed]
The T100 was manufactured and partially engineered byToyota-subsidiaryHino. Three trim lines were offered: the base model, theDX, and the top-of-the-lineSR5. The maximum towing capacity was 5,200 lb (2,360 kg) and the truck had a payload limit of 2,450 pounds. Although most trucks fell within the 1/2 ton category, a 1-ton model was offered (in two-wheel drive form) for several of its earlier years until finally being dropped because of a lack of interest.
All T100s were assembled inTokyo,Japan and as a result were subject to a25% import tariff on all imported light trucks. The T100 was the last Japanese-built Toyota pickup made forNorth America when production ceased in July 1998, sales being phased out in August and ending with the 1998 model year.[6] The T100 was replaced by the largerV8-poweredTundra which debuted in 1999. Toyota had originally planned to continue the T100 naming system by calling the new truck the "Toyota T-150"; Ford made a successful claim that this was a trademark infringement of theirF-150 and the name had to be changed.[6]
MY 1993
MY 1994
MY 1995
MY 1996
MY 1997
MY 1998
