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Touraine

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Coordinates:47°24′N0°41′E / 47.400°N 0.683°E /47.400; 0.683

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For the French sociologist, seeAlain Touraine.

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Place in France

Touraine
Flag Coat of arms

Country	France
Seat	Tours
Time zone	CET

Touraine (US:/tuˈreɪn,tuˈrɛn/;^[1]^[2]^[3]French:[tuʁɛn]^ⓘ) is one of the traditionalprovinces of France. Its capital wasTours. During the political reorganization of French territory in 1790, Touraine formed the bulk of theIndre-et-Loire department as well as parts of the new departments ofLoir-et-Cher,Indre andVienne.

Geography

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Traversed by the riverLoire and its tributaries theCher, theIndre and theVienne, Touraine makes up a part of the western ParisBasin. It is well known for itsviticulture. TheTGV high-speed train system, which connects Tours with Paris (200 kilometers away) in just over an hour, has made Touraine a place of residence for people who work in the French capital but seek a different quality of life.

History

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Touraine takes its name from aCeltic tribe called theTurones, who inhabited the region about two thousand years ago. In 1044, the control of Touraine was given to theAngevins, who (as theHouse of Plantagenet) became kings of England in 1154, the castle ofChinon being their greatest stronghold. In 1205,Philip II Augustus of France regained Touraine. At this time, Touraine was made into aroyal duchy. In 1429,Saint Joan of Arc had a historic meeting with the futureKing of France Charles VII atChinon. Throughout the late 15th and 16th centuries, Touraine was a favorite residence of French kings, and the dark and gloomy castles were converted to Renaissance châteaux; for this reason the region was titled "The Garden of France". These same châteaux became popular tourist attractions in modern times. The royal duchy became a province in 1584, and was divided into departments in 1790.

Notable people

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Peter des Roches (died 1238),Bishop of Winchester.^[4]
François Rabelais (ca.1483-1553), a Renaissance writer and humanist, physician, monk and Greek scholar.^[5]
René Descartes (1596–1650), a French philosopher, scientist and mathematician.^[6]
Jean Thurel (1698–1807), a fusilier of the French Army and centenarian
Alfred de Vigny (1797–1863), a French poet and early French Romanticist.^[7]
Honoré de Balzac (1799–1850), a French novelist and playwright.^[8]
René Boylesve (1867–1926), a French writer and literary critic.

References

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^"Touraine".The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved11 August 2019.
^"Touraine".Collins English Dictionary.HarperCollins. Retrieved11 August 2019.
^"Touraine".Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved11 August 2019.
^Davis, Henry William Carless (1911)."Peter des Roches" .Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). pp. 292–293.
^Saintsbury, George (1911)."Rabelais, François" .Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). pp. 769–773.
^Wallace, William (1911)."Descartes, René" .Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). pp. 79–90.
^Saintsbury, George (1911)."Vigny, Alfred de" .Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). pp. 61–62.
^Saintsbury, George (1911)."Balzac, Honoré de" . InChisholm, Hugh (ed.).Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 298–301.

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47°24′N0°41′E / 47.400°N 0.683°E /47.400; 0.683

v t e Historical provinces ofFrance
General governments	Alsace Angoumois Anjou Artois Aunis Auvergne Béarn Berry Bourbonnais Brittany Burgundy Champagne Corsica Dauphiné Flanders Foix Franche-Comté Gascony Guyenne Hainaut Île-de-France Languedoc Limousin Lorraine and Barrois Lyonnais Maine Marche Lower Navarre Nivernais Normandy Orléanais Perche Picardy Poitou Provence Roussillon Saintonge Touraine Trois-Évêchés
Minor provinces and regions	Agenais Armagnac Beaujolais Bigorre Bresse Bugey Cambrésis Cévennes Comminges Couserans Dombes Forez Gâtinais Gévaudan Gex Labourd Nébouzan Périgord Ponthieu Quercy Rouergue Soule Valromey Velay Vermandois Vivarais
Foreign territories in 1789	Créhange Dabo Menton and Roquebrune Montbéliard Mulhouse Nice Salm-Salm Sarrewerden Savoy Tende [fr] Comtat Venaissin