Toshima 十島村 | |
|---|---|
| 十島村 • Toshima-mura | |
 Toshima Village Hall | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location of Toshima inKagoshima Prefecture | |
  Toshima | |
| Coordinates:29°50′12″N129°51′13″E / 29.83667°N 129.85361°E /29.83667; 129.85361 | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kyushu (Tokara Islands) |
| Prefecture | Kagoshima Prefecture |
| District | Kagoshima |
| Government | |
| • - Mayor | Tadaaki Shikine |
| Area | |
• Total | 101.35 km2 (39.13 sq mi) |
| Population (October 1, 2020) | |
• Total | 740 |
| • Density | 7.3/km2 (19/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
| Phone number | 099-222-2101 |
| Address | 14-15 Izumichō, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima-ken 892-0822 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | www |
| Symbols | |
| Bird | Ryukyu robin |
| Flower | Marubasatsuki(Rhododendron eriocarpum (Hayata) Nakai) |
| Tree | Chinese fan palm(Livistona chinensis) |
Toshima (十島村,Toshima-mura) is avillage consisting of the islands of theTokara Islands located in theSatsunan Islands ofKagoshima District,Kagoshima Prefecture,Japan. The village office is located in the city ofKagoshima, outside the village.
As of 1 October 2020, the village has an estimatedpopulation of 740 and adensity of 7.3 persons per km2. The total area is 101.35 km2.
The islands of Toshima Village are the exposed peaks ofstratovolcanos rising from the ocean floor, and most are volcanically active.
Toshima has ahumid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classificationCfa) with hot summers and mild winters. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, and is heavier in summer, especially the months of June and July. The average annual temperature in Toshima is 19.0 °C (66.2 °F). The average annual rainfall is 3,626.7 mm (142.78 in) with June as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.7 °C (80.1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 11.1 °C (52.0 °F).[1] Its record high is 35.2 °C (95.4 °F), reached on 18 August 2018, and its record low is −1.3 °C (29.7 °F), reached on 6 February 2003.[2]
| Climate data for Toshima, Nakanoshima (2003−2020 normals, extremes 2002−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.7 (71.1) | 24.0 (75.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 25.9 (78.6) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.8 (89.2) | 34.4 (93.9) | 35.2 (95.4) | 32.2 (90.0) | 30.6 (87.1) | 26.2 (79.2) | 23.1 (73.6) | 35.2 (95.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.2 (57.6) | 15.3 (59.5) | 17.4 (63.3) | 20.6 (69.1) | 23.8 (74.8) | 26.0 (78.8) | 29.6 (85.3) | 30.1 (86.2) | 28.2 (82.8) | 24.7 (76.5) | 20.7 (69.3) | 16.3 (61.3) | 22.2 (72.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 11.1 (52.0) | 12.0 (53.6) | 13.7 (56.7) | 16.8 (62.2) | 20.3 (68.5) | 23.4 (74.1) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.7 (80.1) | 24.9 (76.8) | 21.4 (70.5) | 17.5 (63.5) | 13.1 (55.6) | 18.9 (66.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) | 8.3 (46.9) | 9.8 (49.6) | 12.6 (54.7) | 16.4 (61.5) | 21.0 (69.8) | 24.0 (75.2) | 24.0 (75.2) | 22.0 (71.6) | 18.2 (64.8) | 14.0 (57.2) | 9.8 (49.6) | 15.6 (60.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −1.1 (30.0) | −1.3 (29.7) | 0.5 (32.9) | 1.0 (33.8) | 5.6 (42.1) | 11.6 (52.9) | 17.2 (63.0) | 17.7 (63.9) | 14.8 (58.6) | 7.2 (45.0) | 4.0 (39.2) | 2.0 (35.6) | −1.3 (29.7) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 196.7 (7.74) | 219.6 (8.65) | 276.3 (10.88) | 286.1 (11.26) | 367.3 (14.46) | 757.9 (29.84) | 323.9 (12.75) | 193.4 (7.61) | 320.8 (12.63) | 238.3 (9.38) | 256.5 (10.10) | 204.8 (8.06) | 3,626.7 (142.78) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 15.4 | 13.8 | 14.0 | 12.7 | 13.9 | 18.4 | 10.0 | 11.8 | 13.4 | 11.4 | 11.9 | 15.2 | 161.9 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 66.4 | 69.9 | 106.6 | 133.8 | 128.9 | 70.9 | 127.1 | 155.1 | 120.4 | 135.7 | 101.1 | 72.9 | 1,294.1 |
| Source:Japan Meteorological Agency[2][1] | |||||||||||||
Per Japanese census data, the population of Toshima in 2020 is 740 people.[3] Toshima's population has been declining slowly since the census began in 1950, dropping below 1,000 by 1980, and has since stabilized at around 700. In 2015, Toshima's population briefly rebounded to 756, and in 2020, the population has dropped to 740.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 2,968 | — |
| 1955 | 2,658 | −10.4% |
| 1960 | 2,602 | −2.1% |
| 1965 | 1,848 | −29.0% |
| 1970 | 1,407 | −23.9% |
| 1975 | 1,120 | −20.4% |
| 1980 | 903 | −19.4% |
| 1985 | 787 | −12.8% |
| 1990 | 790 | +0.4% |
| 1995 | 776 | −1.8% |
| 2000 | 756 | −2.6% |
| 2005 | 673 | −11.0% |
| 2010 | 658 | −2.2% |
| 2015 | 756 | +14.9% |
| 2020 | 740 | −2.1% |
| Toshima population statistics[3] | ||
Some of the islands have been inhabited since at least theJōmon period. During historic times, mentioned is made of the islands in theShoku Nihongi and theHeike Monogatari, and local legend states that at least some of the islands were a refuge for the defeatedHeike clan following theGenpei War. During theEdo period, the islands came under the control of theShimazu clan ofSatsuma Domain.
After theMeiji Restoration, these islands were allotted to Kawanabe District ofSatsuma Province, and then transferred to Ōshima District ofŌsumi Province in 1897. In 1908, the islands were grouped together with the Tokara Islands into Jitto Village (十島村,Jittō-son), of which seven were inhabited. At that time, the ten islands includedIōjima (硫黄島),Kuroshima (黒島),Takeshima (竹島),Kuchinoshima (口之島),Nakanoshima (中之島),Tairajima (平島),Suwanosejima (諏訪之瀬島),Akusekijima (悪石島),Kodakarajima (小宝島) andTakarajima (宝島).
AfterWorld War II, from 2 February 1946 all of the Japanese islands south of 30th latitude, including the Tokara Islands, were placed under United States military administration as part of the Provisional Government of Northern Ryukyu Islands. However, the three northern inhabited islands in the archipelago, known as theKamimishima (上三島): Iōjima, Kuroshima and Takeshima, remained under the control of Japan, and were placed under the administration of the village ofMishima. The remaining Tokara Islands reverted to Japan on 10 February 1952 and are now administered as the village of Toshima. In 1973, the two villages were transferred toKagoshima District.
Media related toToshima, Kagoshima at Wikimedia Commons
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