Toots and the Maytals | |
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 Performing at the Summer Sundae festival,Leicester, August 2011 | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Jamaica |
| Genres | Ska,rocksteady,reggae |
| Years active |
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| Labels | |
| Members |
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| Past members |
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| Website | www |
The Maytals, known from 1972 to 2020 asToots and the Maytals, are a Jamaican musical group, one of the best knownska androcksteady vocal groups. The Maytals were formed in the early 1960s and were key figures in popularizingreggae music.
FrontmanToots Hibbert, who died in 2020,[2] was considered a reggae pioneer on par withBob Marley.[3][4] His soulful vocal style was compared toOtis Redding, and led him to be named byRolling Stone as one of the 100 Greatest Singers.[5] After Hibbert's death, the Maytals indicated that they would continue as a working group.[1]
Their 1968 single "Do the Reggay" was the first song to use the word "reggae", coining the name of the genre and introducing it to a global audience.[6][7][8] TheOxford English Dictionary credits Toots and the Maytals in the etymology of the word "Reggae".[9] According toIsland Records founderChris Blackwell, "The Maytals were unlike anything else ... sensational, raw, and dynamic."[10]
Frederick "Toots" Hibbert, the frontman of the group, was born inMay Pen,Clarendon, Jamaica, in 1942, the youngest of seven children. He grew up singinggospel music in a church choir and moved toKingston in the late 1950s.[11]
Hibbert met Henry "Raleigh" Gordon and Nathaniel "Jerry" Mathias in Kingston in 1962 and formed The Maytals as a vocal trio, a group whose early recordings were incorrectly attributed to The Flames and The Vikings in the UK byIsland Records.[11] The first instrumentalist members added to the group includedJackie Jackson,Hux Brown, Rad Bryan, andPaul Douglas.[12] In 1972, the group changed its name from The Maytals to Toots and the Maytals,[13] with "Toots" referring to frontmanToots Hibbert, and "the Maytals" referring to the group's instrumentalists and background vocalists. In November 2016, Jackie Jackson described the formation of the group in a radio interview for Kool 97 FM Jamaica.[14] Accompanied byPaul Douglas and Radcliffe "Dougie" Bryan in studio, Jackson explained,
We're all original members of Toots and the Maytals band. First it was Toots and the Maytals, three guys: Toots, Raleigh, and Jerry…And then they were signed toIsland Records,Chris Blackwell. And we were their recording band...[Blackwell] decided that the backing band that back all of the songs, the recording band, should be the Maytals band. So everything came under Toots and the Maytals. And then we hit the road in 1975.[14]
The Maytals first had chart success when recording forproducerClement "Coxsone" Dodd atStudio One.[11] With musical backing from Dodd'shouse band,the Skatalites, the Maytals' close-harmony gospel singing ensured success, overshadowing Dodd's other up-and-coming vocal group,the Wailers. After staying at Studio One for about two years, the group moved on to do sessions forPrince Buster before recording withByron Lee in 1966.[15] With Lee, the Maytals won the first-everJamaican Independence Festival Popular Song Competition in 1966 with their original song "Bam Bam". "Bam Bam" was later covered in aDancehall style bySister Nancy and also byYellowman in 1982, but Toots and the Maytals were not credited or issued royalties for use of the song by either artist.[16][17][11][15][18] They went on to win that contest two additional times.[19] The group's musical career was interrupted in late 1966 when Hibbert was jailed for 18 months for possession ofmarijuana.[11][15] He stated that he was not arrested for marijuana, but whilebailing out a friend.[20] Hibbert reportedly wrote "54-46 That's My Number" about his time in jail.
Following Hibbert's release in 1967, the Maytals began working with theChinese Jamaican producerLeslie Kong, a collaboration which yielded a string ofhits throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s.[15] These included "Do the Reggay", released in 1968, which was the first song to use the word "reggae" and gave the developing genre its name.[7]
The Maytals are responsible for some of the biggest hits in reggae history, including "Pressure Drop," "Sweet and Dandy" and "54-46 That's My Number".[7]
In 1970 "Monkey Man" became the group's first international hit. By 1971, they signed a recording contract withChris Blackwell'sIsland Records who reformed the band with Toots Hibbert as the front man backed by a hand-selected group of instrumentalists dubbed The Maytals Band. They become the biggest act in Jamaica, and had become international stars.[15] Blackwell initially concentrated on the UK market, where previous Jamaican acts had had success. The band's albums with Island Records were released through its Dragon Records imprint. Blackwell'sIsland Records, "established reggae as an international genre with Toots and the Maytals,Lee Scratch Perry, andSly and Robbie."[21]
"It was said that the Maytals were the Beatles to the Wailers’ Rolling Stones." – Christopher Blackwell[22]
In 1972 the group won the Jamaican Independence Festival Popular Song Competition for a third time with "Pomp and Pride".[11] That year, the group contributed two songs to thesoundtrack forThe Harder They Come, the 1972 film starringJimmy Cliff, named as one ofVanity Fair's top 10 soundtracks of all time.[11] The film introduced Jamaican music to American audiences, and the band appears in one of the scenes.[19]
After Kong's death in 1971, the group continued to record with Kong's formersound engineer, Warrick Lyn. Their re-instated producer Byron Lee renamed them Toots & the Maytals.[15] The group released three best-sellingalbums produced by Lyn and Blackwell of Island Records, and enjoyed international hits withFunky Kingston in 1973 andReggae Got Soul in 1975. Music criticLester Bangs described the albumFunky Kingston inStereo Review as "perfection, the most exciting and diversified set of reggae tunes by a single artist yet released".[23]Chris Blackwell had a strong commitment to Toots and the Maytals, saying "I've known Toots longer than anybody – much longer than Bob (Bob Marley). Toots is one of the purest human beings I've met in my life, pure almost to a fault."[24] To promote these albums, the band toured withthe Who,Jackson Browne,the Eagles, andLinda Ronstadt.[19]
The quick way to explain the Maytals is to say that in reggae they're theBeatles tothe Wailers'Rolling Stones. But how do I explain Toots himself? Well, he's the nearest thing toOtis Redding left on the planet: he transforms 'do re mi fa sol la ti do' into joyful noise.
In 1975, Toots and the Maytals headlined alongsideSantana (band) at theWinterland Ballroom inSan Francisco.
On 1 October 1975, Toots and the Maytals were broadcast live onKMET-FM as they performed atThe Roxy Theatre inLos Angeles. This broadcast was re-mastered and released as theSailin' On album via Klondike Records.[26]
Following the release ofReggae Got Soul, Toots & the Maytals were invited totour as the opening act forthe Who during their 1975–76 North American tour.[27]
Toots and the Maytals' compositions experienced a resurgence of popularity in 1978–80 during the reggae punk and ska revival period in theUK, whenthe Specials covered "Monkey Man" on their 1979 debut album andthe Clash covered the group's hit "Pressure Drop". During this period Toots and the Maytals were also included in thelyrics toBob Marley & the Wailers' song, "Punky Reggae Party": "The Wailers will be there,the Damned,the Jam, the Clash, the Maytals will be there,Dr. Feelgood too".
On 29 September 1980, the band recorded, pressed and distributed a new album,Toots Live, to the record shops all in the space of 24 hours in an attempt to make theGuinness Book of World Records.[11] A live concert was recorded on reels of two-inch, 24-track analog tape, then rushed by van to sound engineers. After a running order was determined, the record label was quickly designed and sent to the printers. The album masters, labels and the outer covers were then separately sped to the Gedmel factory nearLeicester, and the finished product was assembled and delivered toCoventry, where the band was playing the next day, successfully meeting the 24-hour deadline. Due to record label oversight, the achievement was not successfully registered with theGuinness Book of World Records.Island Records' Rob Bell was quoted as saying, "Unfortunately, the record wasnot included in the Guinness book, because they required prior notification that the event was going to take place, and no one at Island had informed them of the project!"[28] The record for "fastest album release" was not officially held in theGuinness Book of World Records until 28 years later when Vollgas Kompanie claimed the honour in 2008 for recording and releasing their albumLive in 24 hours – matching the time interval in which Toots and the Maytals recorded, pressed and distributedToots Live in 1980.[29]
The group split up after releasing the 1981 albumKnockout.[11] In 1982, Toots & the Maytals' "Beautiful Woman" reachednumber one inNew Zealand.[15]
Hibbert continued to record as a solo artist throughout the 1980s.
In the early 1990s a new lineup of the Maytals was formed. In February 1990 Toots and the Maytals performed onVH1'sNew Visions World Beat, guest-hosted byNile Rodgers.[30] The group continued touring and recording successfully, with two appearances atReggae Sunsplash in the mid-1990s.[11][15]
In a 2003 review onNPR'sFresh Air broadcast, critic Milo Miles described the songPressure Drop as, "utterly irresistible but utterly mysterious likeLouie Louie orTutti Frutti. It gets over on pure passion, and it seems all you need to know is when it drops you're gonna feel it."[31]
In 2004, the group releasedTrue Love, an album of re-recorded versions of their earlier hits in collaboration with fellow musicians includingBonnie Raitt,Willie Nelson,Eric Clapton,Keith Richards,Trey Anastasio,No Doubt,Ben Harper,the Roots, andShaggy. The album received critical acclaim from outlets includingNPR[32] andRolling Stone.[33] TheTrue Love album won theGrammy Award that year forbest reggae album.[citation needed]
Donald Trump was quoted as appreciating thereggae music of Toots and the Maytals in 2004 when he said, "I heard the guest band, Toots & The Maytals, practising out on the set ofSaturday Night Live" (Trump was the guest host on an episode in April 2004). "They sounded terrific, and I went out to listen to them for a while. My daughterIvanka had told me how great they were, and she was right. The music relaxed me, and surprisingly, I was not nervous."[34][35]
In 2006, they recorded a reggae/ska version ofRadiohead's "Let Down" for thetribute album,Radiodread. The album was a song for song makeover of the Britishrock band's albumOK Computer into reggae, dub and ska. In August 2007 Toots & the Maytals releasedLight Your Light, which featured re-workings of older songs such as "Johnny Cool Man", as well as new material. The album was nominated in 2008 for aGrammy in the best reggae album category.[citation needed]
Toots & the Maytals hold the current record ofnumber one hits in Jamaica, with a total of thirty-one.[36]
In commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the record label Island Records Toots & the Maytals andAmy Winehouse, both signed up to the label, were billed to perform together at theShepherd's Bush Empire in London on 31 May 2009. Winehouse had covered the band's "Monkey Man".[37] However, Winehouse's performance was cancelled, and Toots & the Maytals instead played at the more intimate Bush Hall to a sell-out crowd.[citation needed]
In 2011, director George Scott and producer Nick De Grunwald released the documentaryReggae Got Soul: The Story of Toots and the Maytals, which was featured onBBC.[10] Described as "The untold story of one of the most influential artists ever to come out of Jamaica", it features appearances byMarcia Griffiths,Jimmy Cliff,Bonnie Raitt,Eric Clapton,Keith Richards,Willie Nelson,Anthony DeCurtis,Ziggy Marley,Chris Blackwell,Paolo Nutini,Sly Dunbar, andRobbie Shakespeare.[38][39]
The 2012 live albumUnplugged on Strawberry Hill gained Hibbert his fifth Grammy nomination.[40]
In May 2013, Hibbert was struck in the head with a 1.75-litre vodka bottle while performing onstage at aRichmond, Virginia, festival. His injuries resulted in a concussion and treatment required six staples in his head. The man who threw the bottle was arrested, and despite Hibbert's pleas for clemency to the judge, was given a six-month sentence. Hibbert's letter to the judge also detailed the extent of his injury: "I continue to suffer from extreme anxiety, memory loss, headaches, dizziness and most sadly of all, a fear of crowds and performing. I am not able to write songs as I did before or remember the lyrics of songs that I wrote and have performed for decades." After his injury, Hibbert canceled all subsequent performances, and the group did not perform live again until 2016.[41]
In 2015,Vogue listed the song "54-46 Was My Number" by Toots and the Maytals as one of their "15 Roots Reggae Songs You Should Know"; and in an interview with Patricia Chin ofVP Records,Vogue listed the group as part of an abbreviated list of early "reggae royalty" that recorded at Studio 17 inKingston, Jamaica which includedBob Marley,Peter Tosh,Gregory Isaacs,Dennis Brown,Burning Spear, Toots and the Maytals,The Heptones, andBunny Wailer.[42][43]
In 2016 Toots and the Maytals announced a return to the stage with their first tour in 3 years,[44] and on 15 June at The Observatory North Park in San Diego the group returned to the stage for the first time since 2013.[45]
In 2017 Toots and the Maytals playedCoachella Fest 16 and 23 April at 4:20 pm. They became the secondreggae-based group to perform at theCoachella festival, afterChronixx in 2016.[46][47][48]
Toots and the Maytals have been cited as an inspiration for other music artists when it comes to career longevity. Jamaican artistSean Paul explains this by saying, "I've seen some great people in my industry, you know, people like Toots … Toots and the Maytals. Toots he's a great reggae artist and he's still doing it … He's up there in years and he's doing it. Those kind of artists inspire me. I know I'm just going to keep on doing music as long as I can."[49]
On 24 June 2017 at theGlastonbury Festival, Toots and the Maytals were slotted for 17:30 with BBC Four scheduled to show highlights from their set. When they did not appear it was suspected they missed their time slot, andBBC broadcaster Mark Radcliffe apologised on their behalf stating, "If you were expecting Toots and the Maytals – and, frankly, we all were – it seems like they were on Jamaican time or something because they didn't make it to the site on time." The group was subsequently rescheduled by the Glastonbury Festival organizers giving them the midnight slot, with all other acts being shifted by one hour.[50][51][52][53] On 29 July 2017 Toots and The Maytals headlined the 35th anniversary of theWOMAD UK festival[54] with a performance that was reported as "easily one of the true highlights of WOMAD 2017".[55]
In 2018, Toots and the Maytals launched a 50th anniversary tour with concert appearances in North America from April to August, moving to dates in the UK starting in October.[56]
On 25 July 2018 Toots and the Maytals debuted an original song entitled "Marley" live onThe Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, and also played the classic "Funky Kingston".[57]
On 24 August 2018 Toots and the Maytals performed at Lockn' Festival inArrington, Virginia, where guestTaj Mahal accompanied them on the song "Monkey Man".[58][59]
In July 2019Coors Brewing Company used the Toots and the Maytals song "Pressure Drop" in a television advertisement forCoors Light.[60]
On 11 September 2020, Toots and the Maytals frontman Toots Hibbert died at age 77.[61]
Following Hibbert's death in 2020, there was uncertainty as to if the Maytals would return. In November 2020, Paul Douglas and Jackie Jackson confirmed that the band would carry on, as a tribute to Hibbert.[62]
On 14 March 2021 at the 63rd annual Grammy Awards, Toots and The Maytals won Best Reggae Album for the albumGot to be Tough.[63]
In July 2021 the family of Toots Hibbert issued a cease and desist letter to the members of The Maytals Band. The letter sought to prohibit the remaining band members from performing under the name "The Maytals" (the name the band has been performing under for over 50 years).[64] Subsequently, a Toots Hibbert tribute concert where multiple artists were scheduled to perform inLondon on 4 September 2021 was cancelled as a result of the cease and desist letter.[65] In Dec. 2021, 50 years after The Maytals Band was assembled, the band members came to an out-of-court settlement to part ways with the estate of Toots Hibbert after the estate asserted rights of control over the Maytals name and trademark. The band members who were part of the original lineup in 1972 and those who joined in years between 1972-2022 are now referred to as "former members of The Maytals Band".[66]
In May 2023, Nathaniel “Jerry Maytal” Mathias was reported to be the only living member of original three members of The Maytals.[67] At the time, Mathias returned to Jamaica after living in the United States for 43 years.[67] Mathias would again be described as the only surviving member of the original Maytals during an event honoring his 90th birthday in May 2025.[68]
Radcliffe "Dougie" Bryan, who served as a guitarist for The Maytals for nearly 50 years, died inFlorida on 16 October 2025, at the age of 78.[69]
Toots and the Maytals were included inExposition Jamaica Jamaica!, which ran from April to August 2017 at thePhilharmonie de Paris in France, to highlight their importance in the development ofreggae music.[76][77]
On Season 41 Episode 4 ofSaturday Night Live, hosted byDonald Trump, actorsKenan Thompson andJay Pharoah played Toots and The Maytals in a sketch with Trump as he introduced musical guestSia.[78] Toots and The Maytals were the musical guest on the first episode ofSNL that Trump hosted on 3 April 2004.[79]
Toots is as great a songwriter as Bob Marley.
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