 Rabbi Aharon Roth | |
| Founder | |
|---|---|
| RabbiAharon Roth | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| United States,Israel | |
| Religions | |
| Hasidic Judaism |
Toldos Aharon is a devout, insular, ferventlyanti-ZionistHasidic group. The group is characterized by extreme conservatism and a desire to preserve the life of theold Yishuv in Jerusalem, in sharp opposition to Zionism, in a strictHaredi way of life, in a special style of clothing, and in an emphasis onprayer at a moderate pace and with enthusiasm. Headquartered inJerusalem'sMea Shearim neighborhood, it also has significant numbers inRamat Beit Shemesh, andNew York City,[1] and additional members inTiberias and inHarish.[2] The sect has about 1,800 households.[3] Toldos Aharon is a split-off fromShomer Emunim. It is led by itsRebbe,Dovid Kohn.
The Chassidus is named afterAharon Roth, who established a group inSatmar in the year 1921, which was characterized by far-reaching criteria for the worship of God. In 1928, Rabbi Roth immigrated to theLand of Israel. Because of the special importance he saw in recitingamen aloud, Roth changed the group's name in 1933 to "Shomer Emunim".
Roth died on 6Nisan in 1947. About a year later, his students split up, and a relatively small group chose his son, Avraham Chaim Roth, to succeed his father as Rebbe. Most of the students chose Aharon's son-in-law,Avrohom Yitzchok Kohn. He established his court on the outskirts of theMea She'arim neighborhood (today, stands instead thebeth midrash of theToldos Avrohom Yitzchok Hasidic group). RabbiYoel Teitelbaum ofSatmar opposed Aharon's approach, but with the rise of Kohn, who was his disciple, to serve as rebbe, there was a rapprochement between the two Hasidic sects.
Avrohom Yitzchok Kohn died duringHanukkah of 1996. Kohn had many sons, four of whom are rebbes today.
At the end of Avrohom Yitzchok Kohn's life, and in the context of two years in which he did not function, there was controversy in the community over who would inherit it. During these years, the institutions of the community found it difficult to function. Most of the members of the community and the administration of its institutions supported Kohn's second son, Dovid, who until then served as rabbi of Toldos Aharon in the town ofMonsey, New York. Others favored the eldest son, Shmuel Yaakov, as successor. Among the supporters of the first-born were also the rabbi of the community in Jerusalem and its representative in thebeth din of theEdah HaChareidis,Meir Brandsdorfer, and thekabbalist Daniel Frisch.
After Rabbi Kohn died, two of his sons came to an agreement, whereby the younger son, Dovid, fromMonsey, New York, inherited the title "Toldos Aharon Rebbe". The eldest son, Shmuel Yaakov, a disciple of theViznitzer Rebbe, became a rebbe as well, of a group that was entitledToldos Avrohom Yitzchok, named after his father. The mainbeth midrash of Toldos Avrohom Yitzchok is also inMeah Shearim, one block away from the Toldos Aharon building. Both live in Jerusalem. Another son is arosh yeshiva inKiryas Joel, New York. The other two sons formed Hasidic courts on their own, both located in Meah Shearim as well, and are known as the Mevakshei Emunah Rebbe and the Nachlas Aharon Rebbe, respectively.
InJerusalem, married men wear white and grey "zebra" coats during the week and goldenbekishes/Caftan (coats) onShabbos. Toldos Aharon andToldos Avrohom Yitzchok are the only groups where boys aged 13 and older (bar mitzvah) wear the golden coat and ashtreimel, as married men do; however, married men can be differentiated by their white socks, while the unmarried boys wear black socks. In other Hasidic groups, only married men wear ashtreimel. All boys and men wear a traditional Jerusalemite whiteyarmulke. Unmarried boys wear a regular black coat with attached belt on weekdays, unlike the married men, who wear the "zebra" style coat.
Married women cover their hair without wearing wigs, and the standards oftzniut expected from them are the strictest among all Hasidic/Orthodox Jewish groups. As is customary in the traditional Jerusalemite community, unmarried girls have their hair in twobraids, unlike most other Haredi communities, where the girls wear a simpleponytail.
The Shomrei Emunim are characterized by fervent and visibly emotional prayer, and by a rigid lifestyle controlled largely by "takanos" - decrees written by the Rebbe. One such decree, for example, forbade wearing wool. (Jewish law forbids wearing anything that contains both wool and linen. Rabbi Aharon worried that it would be safest not to wear wool at all, in order to avoid the possibility of violating the law altogether.)[4] A strong emphasis is placed on the importance of full-timeTorah study, and daily immersion in ritual baths. In Jerusalem is "Third Temple Institute" whose mission is to prepare the Jewish People and the world for theThird Temple which will take the place of the first two destroyed Jewish Temple. Even the Anti-Zionist Toldos Aharon chassidic movement has established a specialized study program for Jewish priests (kohanim) to prepare for Temple service.[5]
In addition tothose books which are revered by all Hasidic Jews, the Toldos Aharon Hasidim particularly revere the books,Shomer Emunim,Shulchan HaTahor, andTaharas HaKodesh, by Aharon Roth, andDivrei Emunoh by Avrohom Yitzchok Kohn. The version of the prayer book used by Toldos Aharon Hasidim is calledBrochoh u'Tehilloh. The Toldos Avrohom Yitzchok have published a weekday prayer book called,Tehillas Avrohom Yitzchok, but also use theBrochoh u'Tehilloh version as well.
Avrohom Yitzchok Kohn was said to have instructed his followers to learn the works ofAharon HaLevi of Staroshelye, which include "Sha'arei HaYichud VeHaEmunoh", "Sha'arei Avoda", and "Avodas HaLevi". The Staroselyer Rebbe was a follower of the first Rebbe of Chabad,Shneur Zalman of Liadi. After the passing of Shneur Zalman, Aharon HaLevi started his own Hasidic following, an offshoot of Chabad, in Staroselye.
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