Military ruler of Japan from 1787 to 1837
Tokugawa Ienari
徳川 家斉
Shōgun In office Monarchs Preceded by Tokugawa Ieharu Succeeded by Tokugawa Ieyoshi Personal details Born (1773-11-18 ) 18 November 1773Died 22 March 1841(1841-03-22) (aged 67) Signature
Tokugawa Ienari (Japanese :徳川 家斉 , 18 November 1773 – 22 March 1841) was the eleventh and longest-servingshōgun Tokugawa shogunate ofJapan who held office from 1787 to 1837.[ 1] Tokugawa Yoshimune through his son Munetada (1721–1764), head of theHitotsubashi branch of the family, and his grandson Harusada (1751–1827).
Ienari died in 1841 and was given the Buddhist name Bunkyouin and buried atKan'ei-ji .
bakufu [ edit ] 1787 (Tenmei 7 ): Ienari becomes the 11thshōgun bakufu government.[ 1] 1788 (Tenmei 7 ): Riots in rice shops inEdo andOsaka .6 – 11 March 1788 (Tenmei 8, 29th day of the 1st month – 4th day of the second month ): Great Fire ofKyoto . A fire in the city, which begins at 3 o'clock in the morning of March 6 burns uncontrolled until the 1st day of the second month (March 8); and embers smolder until extinguished by heavy rain on the 4th day of the second month (March 11). The emperor and his court flee the fire, and the Imperial Palace is destroyed. No other re-construction is permitted until a new palace is completed. This fire was considered a major event. The DutchVOC Opperhoofd Dejima noted in his official record book that "people are considering it to be a great and extraordinary heavenly portent."[ 2] 28 February 1793 (Kansei 5, on the 18th day of the 1st month ):Collapse of the peak of Mount Unzen .[ 3] 17 March 1793 (Kansei 5, on the 6th day of the 2nd month ): Eruption of Mt.Biwas -no-kubi[ 3] 15 April 1793 (Kansei 5, on the 1st day of the 3rd month ): TheShimabara earthquake .[ 4] 10 May 1793 (Kansei 5, on the 1st day of the 4th month ): Eruption of Mt.Miyama .[ 3] September 1817 , the Shōgun orders the expulsion ofTitia Bergsma , the first European woman to visit Japan1833–1837 , theTenpō famine 1837 (Tenpō 7 ):Tokugawa Ieyoshi becomes the 12thshōgun of thebakufu government.[ 1] Tokugawa Harusada , Ienari's fatherIenari's wife, Shigehime, later Kodaiin In 1778, the four-year-old Hitotsubashi Toyochiyo (豊千代), a minor figure in the Tokugawa clan hierarchy, was betrothed to Shimazu Shigehime[ 5] tozama daimyō Satsuma Domain on the island ofKyūshū . The significance of this alliance was dramatically enhanced when, in 1781, the young Toyochiyo was adopted by the childless shōgun,Tokugawa Ieharu . This meant that when Toyochiyo became Shōgun Ienari in 1786, Shigehide was set to become the father-in-law of the shōgun.[ 6] Midaidokoro Konoe family agreed to take her in but this was a mere formality.[ 7]
Other relationships [ edit ] Ienari kept aharem of 900 women and fathered over 75 children.[ 8]
Many of Ienari's children were adopted into variousdaimyō Bakumatsu andBoshin War . Some of the more famous among them included:
Parents and siblings [ edit ] Father: Tokugawa Harusada (1751–1827) Mother: O-Tomi no Kata (d. 1817) Adoptive Father:Tokugawa Ieharu Siblings: Wife and concubines [ edit ] Wife: Shimazu Shigehime, later Kodaiin (1773–1844), daughter of Shimazu Shigehide ofSatsuma Domain Concubine:Omiyo no Kata (1797–1872) (There is legend said that Omiyo was daughter ofTokugawa Ieharu with a servant) later Senkoin O-ito no kata Oyae no Kata (d. 1843) later Kaishun'in Oraku no Kata (d. 1810) later Korin'in Otase no Kata (d. 1832) later Myosoin Ohana no Kata (d. 1845) later Seiren'in Ohachi no Kata later Honrin'in (d. 1850) Ohachi no Kata (d. 1813) later Chisoin Osode no Kata (d. 1830) later Honshoin Oyachi no Kata (d. 1810) later Seishoin Osato no Kata (d. 1800) later Chosoin Ocho no Kata (d. 1852) later Sokuseiin Oshiga no Kata (d. 1813) later Keimeiin Outa no Kata (d. 1851) later Hoschiin Oume no Kata (d. 1794)later Shinsei-in Oman no Kata (d. 1835) later Seishin'in Obi no Kata (d. 1808) later Hoshin'in Toshihime (1789–1817) marriedTokugawa Naritomo by Oman Koso-in (b. 1790) by Oman Takechiyo (1792–1793) by Oman Tokugawa Ieyoshi (1793–1837) by Korin'inHidehime (b. 1794) later Tansei-in by Oume Ayahime (1795–1797; infant when died and replaced by her younger sister, Asahime) MarriedDate Chikamune ofSendai Domain by Oman Tokugawa Keinosuke (1795–1797) by Outa Tokugawa Atsunosuke (1796–1799) born by Shigehime inherited Shimazu-Tokugawa family Sohime (1796–1797) by Oshiga Tokugawa Toyasaburo (b. 1798) by Outa Kakuhime (1798–1799) by Osato Gohyakuhime (1799–1800) by Outa Tazawa Hidenari Tokugawa Hidemaru Mine-hime (1800–1853) born by Otase and marriedTokugawa Narinobu ofOwari Domain Tokugawa Nariyuki (1801–1846) inherited Shimizu-Tokugawa family later inheritedKii Domain and born to Otase Toruhime (1801–1802) by Ocho Jiyohime (1802–1803) by Oume Asahime (1803–1843) marriedDate Chikamune later marriedMatsudaira Naritsugu ofFukui Domain by Obi Jukihime (1803–1804) by Otase Tokugawa Tokinosuke (1803–1805) by Ocho Harehime (1805–1807) by Otase Tokugawa Torachiyo (1806–1810) by OchoKohime (b. 1806) Kishihime (1807–1811) Motohime (1808–1821) marriedMatsudaira Katahiro ofAizu Domain by Oyachi Ayahime (1809–1837) marriedMatsudaira Yoritane ofTakamatsu Domain by Osode Tokugawa Tomomatsu (1809–1813) by Ocho Yohime (1813–1868), marriedMaeda Nariyasu , born to Omiyo Nakahime (1815–1817), born to Omiyo Tokugawa Narinori (1810–1827) inherited Shimizu family ofGosankyō and born by Oyae Tokugawa Naritaka born by OchoTsuyahime (b.1811) by Osode Morihime (1811–1846) marriedNabeshima Naomasa ofSaga Domain by Oyae Ikeda Narihiro (1812–1826) born by Oyae Kazuhime (1813–1830) marriedMori Narito ofChōshū Domain by Ocho Takahime (1813–1814) by Osode Tokugawa Okugoro (1813–1814) by Ohachi Kotohime (1815–1816) by Ohana Tokugawa Kyugoro (1815–1817) by Ocho Matsudaira Naritami born to OyaeSuehime (1817–1872) marriedAsano Naritaka ofHiroshima Domain later Yousein by Omiyo Kiyohime (1818–1868), marriedSakai Tadanori ofHimeji Domain later Seiko-in, born to Oyae Matsudaira Nariyoshi (1820–1838) adopted to Fukui-Matsudaira family by Ohana Tokugawa Shichiro (1818–1821) by Osode Matsudaira Nariyoshi (1819–1839) ofHamada Domain and born to Oyae Ei-hime (1819–1875) marriedTokugawa Narikura of Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa Family by Ohana Tokugawa Nariharu born by OhanaMatsudaira Narisawa born by Honrin'inTokugawa Narikatsu (1820–1850) inherited Shimizu-Tokugawa family later inheritedKii Domain and born by Osode Hachisuka Narihiro born by OyaeTokugawa Hachiro (1822–1823) by Osode Matsudaira Narisada (1823–1841) born by Ohana Matsudaira Narikoto (1825–1844) ofAkashi Domain born by Ohana Taehime (1827–1843) by Ohana and married Ikeda Narimichi ofTottori Domain Tokugawa Taminosuke, born by O-ito Fumihime Notable descendants [ edit ] Tokugawa Nariyuki (1801–1846)
Asahime (1803–1843) marriedMatsudaira Naritsugu
Kikuhime (1829–1829) Yoshimaru (1835–1835) Kuninosuke Tokugawa Naritaka
Shomaru (1846–1847) inherited Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa family Rihime marriedAsano Yoshiteru Fuhime married Matsudaira Noritoshi Yo-hime (1813–1868) marriedMaeda Nariyasu
Ikeda Yoshitaka (1834–1850) Kanoshimaru Maeda Yoshiyasu Maeda Toshitsugu (1858–1900)Namiko marriedToshinari Maeda Maeda Toshitatsu (1908–1989)Maeda Toshiyasu (b. 1935)Maeda Toshinori (b. 1963) Matsudaira Naritami
Matsudaira Yasutomo Hitoshimaru daughter married Miura Yoshitsugu Matsudaira Yasutami (1861–1921)Matsudaira Yasuyoshi Matsudaira Yasuharu Takako married Ichishima Noriatsu Teruko married Shuta Yasuto Watanabe Akira Tsuruko married Matsudaira Yoritsune Sansuko married Isahaya Fujio Matsudaira Shiro Matsudaira Fumihiro Suehime
Kiyo-hime
Tokudairo (1835–1837) Kisohime (b. 1834) married Sakai Tadatomi Tokugawa Narikatsu (1820–1850)
Ryuchiyo Tatsujiro Nobehime Akihime Junhime Kikuhime Hachisuka Narihiro
Tokugawa Ieyoshi
Takechiyo (1813–1814) Tatsuhime (1814–1818) Tomohime (1815–1815) Saigen-in (1816–1816) Yochiyo (1819–1820) Entsuin (1822-1822) Tokugawa Iesada Maihime (1824–1829) Tokugawa Yoshimasa (1825–1838) of Hitotsubashi-Tokugawa Family Teruhime (1826–1840) marriedTokugawa Yoshiyori and later known as Teimei-in Hanhime (1826–1826) by Okaju Tokugawa Harunojo (1826–1827) Tokugawa Atsugoro (1828–1829) Tokugawa Jikimaru (1829–1830) Tokugawa Ginnojo (1832–1833) Satohime (1833–1834) Chiehime (1835–1836) Yoshihime (1836–1837) Tokugawa Kamegoro (1838–1839) Maijihime (1839–1840) Wakahime (1842–1843) Shoyo-in (1843–1843) Okuhime (1844–1845) Tokugawa Tadashimaru (1845–1846) Shikihime (1848–1848) Sashin-in (1849–1849) Tokugawa Choyoshiro (1852–1853) bakufu [ edit ] The years in which Ienari was shōgun are more specifically identified by more than oneera name ornengō [ 9]
Ancestors of Tokugawa Ienari[ 10]
^a b c Hall, John Whitneyet al. (1991).Early Modern Japan , p. 21. ^ Screech,pp. 152 –154, 249–250 ^a b c Screech, p.154. ^ Screech, p. 155. ^ Screech, Timon. (2006).Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822 , p. 234 n12. ^ Screech, p. 11. ^ Screech, p. 221 n35. ^ Samson, George. (1963).A History of Japan, 1615–1867 , p. 207. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834).Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 420. ^ "Genealogy" .Reichsarchiv (in Japanese). 6 May 2010. Retrieved5 July 2018 .Military offices Preceded by Shōgun Succeeded by
All Tokugawa
shōguns share descent from
Ieyasu , who is recognized as the dynasty's founder.
International National Other
Media related toTokugawa Ienari at Wikimedia Commons
Timeline and paternities of theTokugawa Shogunate
