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Tokat

Coordinates:40°18′50″N36°33′15″E / 40.31389°N 36.55417°E /40.31389; 36.55417
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Municipality in Turkey
Tokat
Tokat is located in Turkey
Tokat
Tokat
Location in Turkey
Coordinates:40°18′50″N36°33′15″E / 40.31389°N 36.55417°E /40.31389; 36.55417
CountryTurkey
ProvinceTokat
DistrictTokat
Government
 • MayorMehmet Kemal Yazıcıoğlu (MHP)
Elevation
623 m (2,044 ft)
Population
 (2022)[1]
163,405
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code
60100/60200
Area code0356
Websitewww.tokat.bel.tr

Tokat is a city ofTurkey in the mid-Black Sea region ofAnatolia. It is the seat ofTokat Province andTokat District.[2] Its population is 163,405 (2022).[1] It is located at the confluence of the Tokat River (Tokat Suyu) with theYeşilırmak.

History

[edit]
Tokat Castle seen from below.

The city was established in theHittite era. During the time of KingMithradates VI of Pontus, it was one of his many strongholds inAsia Minor.

Known asEvdokia orEudoxia,[a] ecclesiastically it was later incorporated into the western part of the Byzantine GreekEmpire of Trebizond.

Tokat Museum.

Some authors likeGuillaume de Jerphanion[4] andWilliam Mitchell Ramsay[5] identified Tokat with the ancient and medieval Dazimon, with Ramsay saying, "Dazimon, which seems to have been a fortress, must have been the modern Tokat, with its strong castle.[5]

Henri Grégoire, on the other hand, refuted this as implausible, because a 13th-century text written byIbn Bibi clearly distinguishes Dazimon and Tokat as separate places.[4] Instead, he said, Tokat should be identified with the town ofDokeia (Greek:Δόκεια) mentioned in another 10th-century text, byTheophanes Continuatus, which says that the Byzantine generalJohn Kourkouas was born in a village near Dokeia sometime in the 9th century.[4] According to Grégoire, the name "Dokeia" does not have a Greek etymology and probably represents an oldAnatolian place name.[4] The supposed derivation from "Eudokia", he claimed, is only afolk etymology that came much later.[4]

After theBattle of Manzikert the town, like most ofAsia Minor, came under the control of theSeljuk Turks. After the death of SultanSuleiman ibn Qutulmish in 1086, theEmirDanishmend Gazi took control of the area, operating from his power base in the town of Sivas. It would be many decades before theSeljuks re-took control of that region, in the reign ofKilij Arslan II. After theBattle of Köse Dağ, Seljuk hold over the region was lost, and local Emirs such as theEretna took power until the rise of theOttomans, who captured the town in 1392 under SultanBayazid I.[3]

Turkish andAzerbaijani flags on the Tokat Municipality Building.

Climate

[edit]

Tokat has ahot-summer Mediterranean climate, or alternatively acontinental climate (Köppen:Csa,Trewartha:Dc). Due to the relatively high altitude and inland location, winters are fairly cold with average lows below the freezing point and significant snowfall.

Highest recorded temperature:47.2 °C (117.0 °F) on 29 July 2025
Lowest recorded temperature:−23.4 °C (−10.1 °F) on 20 January 1972[6]

Climate data for Tokat (1991–2020, extremes 1929–2025)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)21.9
(71.4)
22.8
(73.0)
31.1
(88.0)
35.1
(95.2)
37.2
(99.0)
39.8
(103.6)
47.2
(117.0)
42.1
(107.8)
42.6
(108.7)
35.3
(95.5)
30.8
(87.4)
26.0
(78.8)
47.2
(117.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)6.5
(43.7)
8.8
(47.8)
13.8
(56.8)
19.4
(66.9)
24.1
(75.4)
27.6
(81.7)
30.2
(86.4)
30.9
(87.6)
27.4
(81.3)
21.5
(70.7)
13.6
(56.5)
8.0
(46.4)
19.3
(66.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)2.1
(35.8)
3.6
(38.5)
7.8
(46.0)
12.6
(54.7)
16.6
(61.9)
20.1
(68.2)
22.9
(73.2)
23.3
(73.9)
19.6
(67.3)
14.6
(58.3)
7.6
(45.7)
3.7
(38.7)
12.9
(55.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−1.4
(29.5)
−0.6
(30.9)
2.9
(37.2)
6.6
(43.9)
10.3
(50.5)
13.7
(56.7)
16.3
(61.3)
16.7
(62.1)
13.0
(55.4)
9.0
(48.2)
3.0
(37.4)
0.4
(32.7)
7.5
(45.5)
Record low °C (°F)−23.4
(−10.1)
−22.1
(−7.8)
−21.2
(−6.2)
−6.3
(20.7)
0.0
(32.0)
2.7
(36.9)
6.1
(43.0)
6.7
(44.1)
2.4
(36.3)
−3.2
(26.2)
−11.8
(10.8)
−21.0
(−5.8)
−23.4
(−10.1)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)41.1
(1.62)
33.8
(1.33)
45.8
(1.80)
52.5
(2.07)
61.7
(2.43)
40.4
(1.59)
12.7
(0.50)
10.1
(0.40)
18.2
(0.72)
41.4
(1.63)
43.1
(1.70)
42.1
(1.66)
442.9
(17.44)
Average precipitation days11.1310.512.6712.4713.879.172.932.735.178.338.8311.6109.4
Average snowy days7.486.054.950.5000000.141.094.2324.44
Averagerelative humidity (%)7165.560.858.962.361.257.958.459.965.771.173.663.9
Mean monthlysunshine hours81.9103.2140.7184.5223.7233.3266.1280.9243.0180.3126.775.62,137.4
Mean dailysunshine hours2.73.74.66.17.27.88.49.18.25.64.02.55.9
Source 1:Turkish State Meteorological Service[7]
Source 2:NOAA NCEI(humidity, sun 1991-2020),[8] Meteomanz(snowy days, extremes 2021-present)[9]

Economy

[edit]

Historically,copper was mined in the area. According to Greek researcher, Dimosthenis Oeconomidis (1858–1938):

The town was notorious for its textile industry and its copper manufacturing plants which were reliant on the Kempan Maden mine, a mine which has since been depleted but which in the prior century kept 600 factories in operation.

— [3]

Tokat Airport Terminal

Culture

[edit]

Education

[edit]
Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Arts and Sciences building.

Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University is one of Turkey's newer tertiary institutions, founded in 1992. It was named after the local heroGazi Osman Paşa.

Sports

[edit]
See also:Category:Sport in Tokat

Football is the most popular sport: in the older districts above the city center children often kick balls around in the evenings in the smallest streets. The city'sfootball club isTokatspor, which plays its games at theTokat Gaziosmanpaşa Stadium.

Basketball, volleyball, tennis, swimming,cable skiing (in summer), horse riding, go karting, paintballing, martial arts and many other sports are played. Cycling and jogging are only common along the sea front, where recreational fishing is also popular.

Cuisine

[edit]
Tokat Kebabı

Foods distinctive to Tokat include Tokat kebabı andZilepekmezi, the latter being served in a wooden pot.Tokat kebabı consists of sliced lamb, aubergines, potatoes, green bell peppers and tomatoes. The slices are laid on their sides in rows in a dish and baked with cloves of garlic.[10]Zile pekmezi is a grape-molasses confection, prepared from a variety of small green grapes, which are pressed (traditionally by foot but nowadays by machine) and then evaporated to a thick syrup by boiling. Egg-whites are then beaten into the syrup until it forms a pale marshmallow-like paste. It is sold commercially in tubs.[11]

Tourism

[edit]
Façade of the Gök Medrese in Tokat, founded by thePervâne in around 1270.

The most important landmark isTokat Castle, an Ottomancitadel with 28 towers on a rocky hill overlooking the town.Vlad the Impaler, who may have inspiredBram Stoker's fictional characterCount Dracula, was imprisoned in one of itsdungeons.[12][13] Other sights include the remains of severalGreek Orthodox churches and a cathedral, the Garipler Mosque dating to the 12th century, the Ali Paşa Mosque (16th century), theHatuniye Külliyesi, also 16th century and theGök Medrese (Pervane Bey Darussifasi), which was constructed in 1270. It was founded as a school oftheology, and was converted into a museum, housing archaeological finds from the area, until that function was transferred in 2012 to another location.

  • Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque
    Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque
  • Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque View along side
    Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque View along side
  • Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque View along side
    Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque View along side
  • Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Entrance
    Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Entrance
  • Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Entrance
    Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Entrance
  • Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Interior
    Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Interior
  • Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Interior
    Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Interior
  • Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Mausoleum
    Tokat Ali Pasha Mosque Mausoleum

The LatifogluKonak, a late 18th-century Ottoman residence, is an example ofBaroque architecture. The two-story building has been restored and has been converted into a small museum. Much of the furniture in the kitchen, study, visitors' rooms with bath and toilet, bedroom, master's room, andharem is original.

Ballıca Cave is a small cave situated at 6 km (3.8 mi) southeast ofPazar, Tokat Province.

  • Ballıca Cave Image
    Ballıca Cave Image
  • Ballıca Han Door decoration
    Ballıca Han Door decoration
  • Ballıca Han Decoration at entrance
    Ballıca Han Decoration at entrance
  • Ballıca Han View into closed courtyard
    Ballıca Han View into closed courtyard
  • Ballıca Han Exterior wall
    Ballıca Han Exterior wall
  • Tokat Clock Tower.
    Tokat Clock Tower.

Mayors of Tokat

[edit]

Notable people

[edit]
Statue ofGazi Osman Paşa in Tokat

International relations

[edit]

Tokat istwinned with:

Europe

Africa

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^The town was called "Tokation", then it was renamed to Evdokia (Evdoksia), after Byzantine EmperorHeraclius' daughter,Eudoxia Epiphania.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports"(XLS).TÜİK. Retrieved22 May 2023.
  2. ^İl Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  3. ^abc"Tokat - Τοκάτη".pontosworld.com. 5 February 2017.
  4. ^abcdeGrégoire, Henri (1935)."Dazmana est bien Dazimon".Byzantion.10 (2):760–3.JSTOR 44169796. Retrieved4 February 2022.
  5. ^abRamsay, William Mitchell (1890).The Historical Geography of Asia Minor. London. pp. 329–30. Retrieved4 February 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  6. ^"İllerimize Ait Genel İstatistik Verileri" (in Turkish). Turkish State Meteorological Service. Retrieved19 July 2024.
  7. ^"Resmi İstatistikler: İllerimize Ait Mevism Normalleri (1991–2020)" (in Turkish). Turkish State Meteorological Service. Retrieved7 August 2021.
  8. ^"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Tokat"(CSV).ncei.noaa.gov.National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration. Retrieved19 July 2024.WMO number: 17086
  9. ^"Tokat - Weather data by months".meteomanz.
  10. ^Tokat Kebabı onYouTube
  11. ^"Zile pekmezi", Zile haber (Commerce of Zile), Tokat, Turkey (Turkish)
  12. ^'Dracula's Dungeon' Discovered by Archaeologists at Tokat Castle in Turkey
  13. ^Archaeologists In Turkey Say They've Discovered Dracula's Dungeon
  14. ^Tokat'ın kardeş şehir ve belediyeleriArchived 2016-03-07 at theWayback Machine, Tokat Newspaper, (16 June 2013)
  15. ^İllere Göre Kardeş ŞehirlerArchived 2016-03-04 at theWayback Machine,Presidency of Religious Affairs (2013)

Sources and external links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toTokat.
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