Toivo Mikael Kivimäki | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 13thPrime Minister of Finland[1] | |
| In office 14 December 1932 – 7 October 1936 | |
| President | Pehr Evind Svinhufvud |
| Preceded by | Juho Sunila |
| Succeeded by | Kyösti Kallio |
| Minister of Justice | |
| In office 21 March 1931 – 14 December 1932 | |
| Prime Minister | Juho Sunila |
| Preceded by | Karl Söderholm |
| Succeeded by | Hugo Malmberg |
| Minister of the Interior | |
| In office 22 December 1928 – 16 August 1929 | |
| Prime Minister | Oskari Mantere |
| Preceded by | Matti Aura |
| Succeeded by | Arvo Linturi |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1886-06-05)5 June 1886 Tarvasjoki, Finland |
| Died | 6 May 1968(1968-05-06) (aged 81) |
| Political party | National Progressive |
Toivo Mikael Kivimäki (5 June 1886 – 6 May 1968), (J.D.), was a Finnish politician of theNational Progressive Party who served as the head of the department ofcivil law atHelsinki University 1931–1956,Prime Minister of Finland 1932–1936, andFinland'sEnvoy toBerlin 1940–1944.[2]
He was elected as member of the Parliament for terms 1922, 1924-1927 and 1929–1940. Before prime ministership, Kivimäki served asMinister of the Interior 1928-1929[3] andMinister of Justice 1931–1932.[4]
In 1946, Kivimäki together with half-a-dozen other leading politicians were put on "war-responsibility trials" executed under pressure from theAllied victors inWorld War II. Kivimäki was sentenced to five years in prison after being found responsible for theContinuation War. After Finland signed theParis Peace Treaties, 1947, and the Finno–SovietAgreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, 1948, the international situation was deemed somewhat stabilized, and Kivimäki was pardoned. He returned to his career in academia.
As with all politicians connected with the Continuation War, Kivimäki was for decades seen in a somewhat critical light. During the era offinlandization, many prominent Finns expressed themselves cautiously on such subjects in order not to disturb sensitive Allied victors of the war; a cautiousness that without doubt influenced Finland's post-war generation's understanding and views.
Several individuals and factors were critical for theWinter War and theContinuation War. Kivimäki without any doubt occupies a prominent position among pro-Axis Finnish leaders.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Prime Minister of Finland 1932–1936 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of Justice 1931–1932 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of the Interior 1928–1929 | Succeeded by |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |
