4.png) | |
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name Titanium(IV) isopropoxide | |
| Systematic IUPAC name Titanium(IV) tetra(propan-2-olate) | |
| Other names Tetraisopropyl titanate Titanium(IV)i-propoxide Titanium tetraisopropoxide Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate | |
| Identifiers | |
| |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.008.100 |
| EC Number |
|
| UNII | |
| UN number | 1993 |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C12H28O4Ti | |
| Molar mass | 284.219 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | colorless to light-yellow liquid |
| Density | 0.96 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 17 °C (63 °F; 290 K) approximation |
| Boiling point | 232 °C (450 °F; 505 K) |
| Reacts to form TiO2 | |
| Solubility | soluble inethanol,ether,benzene,chloroform |
Refractive index (nD) | 1.46 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
   | |
| Danger | |
| H226,H318,H319,H336 | |
| P210,P233,P240,P241,P242,P243,P261,P264,P271,P280,P303+P361+P353,P304+P340,P305+P351+P338,P310,P312,P337+P313,P370+P378,P403+P233,P403+P235,P405,P501 | |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) | 7600 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Related compounds | |
Otheranions | Titanium methoxide;Titanium ethoxide;Titanium butoxide |
Othercations | Aluminium isopropoxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Titanium isopropoxide, also commonly referred to astitanium tetraisopropoxide orTTIP, is achemical compound with theformulaTi{OCH(CH3)2}4. Thisalkoxide of titanium(IV) is used inorganic synthesis andmaterials science. It is adiamagnetic tetrahedral molecule. Titanium isopropoxide is a component of theSharpless epoxidation, a method for the synthesis of chiral epoxides.[1][2]
The structures of the titanium alkoxides are often complex. Crystallinetitanium methoxide istetrameric with themolecular formulaTi4(OCH3)16.[3] Alkoxides derived from bulkier alcohols such asisopropyl alcohol aggregate less. Titanium isopropoxide is mainly a monomer in nonpolar solvents.[4]
It is prepared by treatingtitanium tetrachloride withisopropanol in presence of ammonia.Hydrogen chloride is formed as a coproduct:[4]: 19–20
Titanium isopropoxide reacts with water to deposittitanium dioxide:[5]
This reaction is employed in thesol-gel synthesis of TiO2-based materials in the form of powders or thin films. Typically water is added in excess to a solution of the alkoxide in an alcohol. The composition, crystallinity and morphology of the inorganic product are determined by the presence of additives (e.g.acetic acid), the amount of water (hydrolysis ratio), and reaction conditions.[5]
The compound is also used as a catalyst in the preparation of certain cyclopropanes in theKulinkovich reaction.Prochiral thioethers are oxidized enantioselectively using a catalyst derived from Ti(O-i-Pr)4.[6][7]
Titanium(IV) isopropoxide is a widely used item of commerce and has acquired many names in addition to those listed in the table. A sampling of the names include:titanium(IV)i-propoxide, isopropyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, titanium tetraisopropylate, orthotitanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, Isopropyl titanate(IV), titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, isopropyltitanate, titanium(IV) isopropoxide, titanium tetraisopropoxide,iso-propyl titanate, titanium tetraisopropanolate, tetraisopropoxytitanium(IV), tetraisopropanolatotitanium, tetrakis(isopropoxy) titanium, tetrakis(isopropanolato) titanium, titanic acid isopropyl ester, titanic acid tetraisopropyl ester, titanium isopropoxide, titanium isopropylate, tetrakis(1-methylethoxy)titanium.
TTIP can be used as a precursor for ambient conditions vapour phase deposition such as infiltration into polymer thin films.[8]
