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Tinsukia district | |
|---|---|
 Brahmaputra flowing throughDibru-Saikhowa National Park | |
.svg) Location in Assam | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Assam |
| Division | Upper Assam |
| Established | 1 October 1989 |
| Headquarter | Tinsukia |
| Tehsils |
|
| Government | |
| • Member of Parliament | Rameswar Teli (BJP) –Dibrugarh Pradan Baruah (BJP) –Lakhimpur |
| • DeputyCommissioner | Swapneel Paul (IAS) |
| • Superintendent of Police | Gaurav Abhijit Dilip (IPS) |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,790 km2 (1,460 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 61.496 km2 (23.744 sq mi) |
| • Rural | 3,728.504 km2 (1,439.583 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
• Total | 1,327,929 |
| • Density | 350/km2 (907/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 264,743 (19.94%) |
| • Rural | 1,063,186 (80.06%) |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 70.92% |
| • Sex ratio | 948♀/1000♂ |
| • Scheduled Castes | 2.84% (37,688) |
| • Scheduled Tribes | 6.18% (82,066) |
| Language | |
| • Official | Assamese, English |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Major highways | NH 37,NH 38,NH 153 |
| Website | tinsukia |
Tinsukia district is one of the 34 administrativedistricts in the state ofAssam,India. The district headquarters is located atTinsukia city. The district occupies an area of 3790 km2.[2]
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The area of the present district was an integral part of theSutiya kingdom during the medieval period. After the defeat of the Sutiyas, the Ahoms appointed Prasengmung Borgohain as the Sadiya-Khowa Gohain to rule the region.
The area of the present district was an integral part of theSutiya kingdom during the medieval period. After the defeat of the Sutiyas, the Ahoms appointed Prasengmung Borgohain as the Sadiya-Khowa Gohain to rule the region. Later, theMatak kingdom rose in its place after theMoamoria rebellion. The older name of Tinsukia city wasBengmara. It was later made the capital of the Motok Kingdom when a member of the formerSutiya royal family namedSarbananada Singha established his capital at Rangagarh situated in the bank of river Guijan. In 1791 AD, he transferred his capital to the city of Bengmara. Bengmara was built by King Sarbananda Singha with the help of his Minister, Gopinath Barbaruah (alias Godha). The city was built in the middle of the present city of Tinsukia. It was declared the 23rd district of Assam on 1 October 1989 when it was split fromDibrugarh.[3]
Several tanks were dug in the days of Sarbananda Singha viz. Chauldhuwa Pukhuri, Kadamoni pukhuri, Da Dharua Pukhuri, Mahdhuwa Pukhuri, Bator Pukhuri, Logoni Pukhuri, Na-Pukhuri, Devi Pukhuri, Kumbhi Pukhuri, and Rupahi Pukhuri.
Apart from these ponds, there are many ancient roads constructed in different parts of the Muttack territory. Godha-Borbaruah road, Rangagarah road, Rajgor road, and Hatiali road were main roads within the territory.
In 1823, theBritish first discovered tea plants in Sadiya and the first tea plantation was started in Chabua near Tinsukia. The name Chabua comes from "Chah-Buwa"/tea plantation.
In 1882, theDibru–Sadiya Railway was opened to traffic by the Assam Railway & Trading Company, centred on Tinsukia, and a turning point in the economic development of north-east India.
In 1999 Tinsukia district became home toDibru-Saikhowa National Park, which has an area of 340 km2 (131.3 mi2).[4] It shares the park withDibrugarh district.
Tinsukia is an industrial district of Assam. The Oldest oil refinery in India is situated atDigboi and places like Margherita and Ledo are famous for open cast coal mining. It is one of the most important tea-growing and processing districts in the country. Thereby, Tinsukia district has a long history of extractive industries spanning tea, coal, oil, timber, and plywood. The timber and plywood industries was halted by theSupreme Court of India when it imposed a blanket ban in 1996.[5] SociologistSanjay Barbora and Geologist Sarat Phukan who grew up in eastern Assam assert,
Three crucial industrial activities – tea plantations, oil drilling sites, and collieries – that epitomised 19th and 20th century colonialism, are layered into this energised landscape.[5]
Tinsukia is one of the premier commercial centres inAssam. It is an industrial district, yet it produces a sizeable amount of tea, oranges, ginger, other citrus fruits and paddy (rice). The district also has a cosmetic plant ofHindustan Unilever (HUL).
Tinsukia is well connected by airway, national highway and railway. It is 532 km by road fromDispur, the state capital of Assam. The nearest airport isDibrugarh Airport which is about 40 km from Tinsukia with daily connection fromDelhi/Guwahati andKolkata. TheNew Tinsukia railway station connects Tinsukia with the rest of the country.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 121,052 | — |
| 1911 | 152,876 | +26.3% |
| 1921 | 204,964 | +34.1% |
| 1931 | 253,982 | +23.9% |
| 1941 | 311,626 | +22.7% |
| 1951 | 367,536 | +17.9% |
| 1961 | 499,568 | +35.9% |
| 1971 | 654,510 | +31.0% |
| 1991 | 962,298 | +47.0% |
| 2001 | 1,150,062 | +19.5% |
| 2011 | 1,327,929 | +15.5% |
| Source: Census of India[6] | ||
According to the2011 census Tinsukia district has apopulation of 1,327,929,[1] roughly equal to the nation ofMauritius[7] or 4.22 percent of the total population of Assam. This gives it a ranking of 371st in India (out of a total of640).[1] The district has a population density of 347 inhabitants per square kilometre (900/sq mi).[1] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.51%.[1] Tinsukia has asex ratio of 948females for every 1000 males,[1] and aliteracy rate of 70.92%. 19.94% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Tribes make up 2.84% and 6.18% of the population respectively.[1]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 88.96% | |||
| Christianity | 5.79% | |||
| Islam | 3.64% | |||
| Buddhism | 1.22% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.39% | |||
Hindus were 1,181,347 (88.96%), Christians 76,877 (5.79%), Muslims 48,373 (3.64%) as of 2011.[8]
Tinisukia is a multi cultural district. According to the 2011 census, 47.81% of the population spokeAssamese, 14.10%Sadri, 10.21%Bengali, 8.54%Hindi, 7.51%Nepali, 2.3%Bhojpuri, 2.11%Odia and 1.46%Mising as their first language.[9] Several other languages are spoken in Tinsukia district such asKhamti andTai Phake. Formerly theMoran language was the predominant language in the district.
Dibru Saikhowa National Park is famous for birds[10] and is abiodiversity hotspot with over 350 species of avifauna providing unique habitat for globally threatened species. A safe haven for extremely rare white-winged wood duck and many migratory birds. Its feral horses are precisely sufficient to make the visitor wild.
Dehing Patkai Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the last remaining lowland tropical wet evergreen forests of Assam. It spreads over an area of 300 km2. in the southern and eastern parts of the district. It is home to various types of wildlife like thehoolock gibbon,pig-tailed macaque,slow loris,tiger,elephant,clouded leopard, andhornbill.
{{cite book}}:|last1= has generic name (help)Mauritius 1,303,717 July 2011 est.
Places adjacent to Tinsukia district | |
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27°29′22.07″N95°21′36.52″E / 27.4894639°N 95.3601444°E /27.4894639; 95.3601444
