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This is atimeline of Philippine history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the Philippines and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, seehistory of the Philippines.
| Year (BCE) | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 709,000 | The arrival of the first Homo species to the earlyChibanian. | [1] | |
| 400,000 | People belonging to the speciesHomo erectus set foot on the Philippines. | ||
| 250,000 | Human habitation is said to be began. | [2] [clarification needed] | |
| 55,000 | The firstHomo sapiens in the Philippines. | [citation needed] | |
| 50,000 | Early humans madestone tools in theTabon Caves inPalawan. | ||
| 40,000 | Negritos start to settle. | [2] [clarification needed][3] | |
| 35,000 | At the oldKapampangan region was 10 times larger than the present borders, years ago, a series of eruptions fromMount Pinatubo dumpedlava, ashes,tephra andlahar into the sea, forming the present landmass of the region. | ||
| 20,000 | Tabon Man made stone tools in the Tabon Cave. | ||
| 8,000 | Theancestors in the other caves:Batangas,Bulacan andRizal. The other caves ofPalawan: Guri and Duyong cave where theHomo sapiens lived. | ||
| 4,500–300 | MultipleAustronesian migrations fromTaiwan. | [4][5] | |
| c. 4000 | Earliest evidence ofrice growing, domesticatingchickens andpigs. | ||
| c. 3000 | Presumed date of theAngono Petroglyphs. | [6] | |
| c. 2000 | TheIgorots built forts made of stone walls that averaged several meters in width and about 2 to 3 times the width in height around | [7][8] |
| Year (BCE) | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1000 BCE | TheLate Neolithic period in the Philippines, evidence shows by aYawning Jarlet on the Burial site in Leta-leta caves inPalawan byRobert Fox which had later become National treasure in the Philippines. | ||
| First mining in the Philippines began. The early Filipinos worked various mines of gold, silver, copper and iron. Jewels, gold ingots, chains, calombigas and earrings were handed down from antiquity and inherited from their ancestors. Gold dagger handles, gold dishes, tooth plating, and huge gold ornaments were also used. | |||
| 890–710 BCE | TheSa Huỳnh culture, evidence can be found inManunggul Jar which is a secondary burial jar excavated from a Neolithic burial site in Manunggul cave of Tabon Caves at Lipuun Point. The depiction of sea-waves on the lid places this Manunggul jar in theSa Huỳnh culture pottery tradition. These are people that migrated in an East to West migration from the Borneo-Palawan area to SouthernVietnam. | ||
| 600 BCE | The people ofPalawan,Cordillera andBatanes become ancient goldsmith's. An ancient goldsmith shop had discovered that made the 20-centuries-old lingling-o, or omega-shaped gold ornaments in Batanes. | ||
| c. 400 BCE | Larger villages came about- usually based near water, which made traveling and trading easier. The resulting ease of contact between communities meant that they began to share similar cultural traits, something which had not previously been possible when the communities consisted only of small kinship groups. | ||
| 300-200 BCE | The start of theCarabao (Water buffaloes) domestication and husbandry. |
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| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.200 AD | TheMaitum Jars are anthropomorphic jars that were depicting children (head is the lead of the jar with ears and the body was the jar itself with hands and feet as the handle) with perforations in red and black colors, had been used as a secondary burial jars in Ayub Cave, Pinol, MaitumSarangani province, each of the jars had a "facial expression". Another example of funeral pottery in the Philippines. | ||
| Since at least the 3rd century, the indigenous peoples were in contact with otherSoutheast Asian andEast Asian nations. Fragmented ethnic groups established numerous city-states formed by the assimilation of several small political units known asbarangay each headed by aDatu or headman (still in use among non-Hispanic Filipino ethnic groups) and answerable to a king, titledLakan andRajah. | |||
| Marks the end of theSa Huỳnh culture, as people are merged into different Chiefdoms, Kingdoms and Thalassocracies, but the remnants of Sa Huỳnh has still practiced by the natives ofMasbate the artifacts can be found inKalanay Cave proof that the ancient Masbatenios still practiced the Sa Huyun culture until 1500 AD. |
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| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 700 | The Birth ofKawi script, thisAbugida are become widely used in theMaritime Southeast Asia, the wordKawi orKawikaan means "Poetry" inSanskrit. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 900 | April 21 | End of prehistory.Laguna Copperplate Inscription, the earliest known Philippine document, is written in the region aroundLaguna de Bay inKawi script. | |
| 971–982 | The earliest date suggested for direct Chinese contact with the Philippines was 982. At the time, merchants from "Ma-i" (now thought to be either inBulalacao,Mindoro orBay, Laguna on the shores ofLaguna de Bay). | [9][10] | |
| 1000 | Buddhism andHinduism along with theAnimism became the religion of the most of Philippine archipelago by the influence of its neighbors. Around the feet of Mt. Kamhatik nearMulanay town inQuezon Province once stood a 280-hectare ancient village where the archeologists found a 1000-year-oldlimestone coffins on a jungle-covered mountain top from 2011 to 2012 proof of the advance burial rituals of the early Filipinos. | [11][12] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1000 | People from Central Vietnam calledOrang Dampuan established trade zones inSulu | ||
| The construction ofIdjangs inBatanes Islands (mountain fortress-cities) built byIvatans. | |||
| 1001 | March 17 | Song Shih document records tributary delegation from the IndicRajahnate of Butuan. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1155 | At the time, the trade in large native Ruson-tsukuri (literally Luzon made inJapanese: 呂宋製 or 呂宋つくり) clay jars used for storinggreen tea andrice wine with Japan flourished in the 12th century, and localTagalog,Kapampangan and Pangasinense potters had marked each jar with Baybayin letters denoting the particular urn used and thekiln the jars were manufactured in. | ||
| 1174–1175 | Raiders coming from Visayas conducted a series of raids onFormosa (modern-dayTaiwan), which was part ofSong dynasty China. | ||
| c. 1180 | Before the establishment of theSultanate of Sulu, The Indianized chiefdom ofLupah Sug (which is the present dayJolo, Sulu) was flourishing. Dwelling of the Buranun peoples under the rule of Rajah Sipad the Older. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1200 | The process ofKabayanmummification had begun inIbaloiBenguet which is also calledFire mummies. | [13] | |
| 1240 | Tuan Masha'ika, anArab, travels and introducesIslam toSulu. | ||
| The BuddhistMa-i was flourishing in the island ofMindoro.Zhao Rukuo, a superintendent of maritime trade inFukien province wrote the book entitledZhu Fan Zhi ("Account of the Various Barbarians") in which he described trade with a country called Ma-i in the island of Mindoro in Luzon (pronounced "Ma-yi") which was aprecolonial Philippine state. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1300 | The adoption ofBaybayin, aBrahmic script. | ||
| 1369 | Sulu attacked theMajapahit and its provincePo-ni (Brunei), looting it of treasure and gold. A fleet from Majapahit succeeded in driving away the Sulus, but Po-ni was left weaker after the attack. | ||
| 1380 | Sheikh Karim-ul Makhdum arrives inJolo and builds aMosque. | [14] | |
| 1390 | Baguinda Ali arrives in Buansa, Sulu and the people named him Rajah. | [14] |
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| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| c. 1400 | Cebu was founded after the arrival ofSri Lumay fromSumatra. Namayan instated Lakantagkan as its sovereign. The vast domain comprised what are nowQuiapo,San Miguel,Santa Mesa,Paco,Pandacan,Malate,Santa Ana in Manila,Mandaluyong,San Juan,Makati,Pasay,Pateros, and portions ofPasig. | ||
| 1405 | TheYongle Emperor instituted a Chinese envoy onLuzon duringZheng He's voyages and appointed Ko Ch'a-lao to that position in1405. China also had vassals among the leaders in the archipelago. China attained ascendancy in trade with the area in Yongle's reign. | ||
| 1411 | Paduka Pahala reigned as the King ofLupah Sug in Sulu. He and his family and 300 other people of noble descent sailed to China, he was to pay tribute to the Yongle Chinese emperor,Zhu Di, who was of the Ming dynasty. While he was welcomed by the emperor upon his arrival in China, he nevertheless contracted a mysterious disease on his way home and died atDezhou, a town inShandong province in China. | ||
| 1411 | December 11 | TheYongle Emperor holds a banquet in honor ofPangasinan and its Huang Liyu. | |
| 1457 | Sultanate of Sulu founded bySayyid Abubakar Abirin. | [15] | |
| 1458–1459 | October 1547 – February 1549 | TheLucoes, or warriors fromLuzon send soldiers to theBurmese Siamese wars and faced the White elephants of theRoyal Burmese Army, at the same time also aiding the Burmese King for the conquest of the Siamese capital,Ayuthaya. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1500 | Rajah Salalila ofMaynila married the daughter ofSultan Bolkiah ofBrunei, effectively uniting the royal families of Maynila and Brunei. | [16] | |
| The eruption ofMount Pinatubo in recorded history, The Buag Eruptive Period, Its eruptions were roughly the same size as those of 1991. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1521 | March 16 | Discovery of the Philippines:PortugueseFerdinand Magellan lands onHomonhon with three small ships, named theConcepcion,Trinidad andVictoria. Magellan calls the place theArchipelago de San Lazaro since March 16 is the feast day of Saint Lazarus. He also lands onSamar island. | [2][17][18][19][20] [21] |
| March 28 | Magellan reaches the Philippines | [18][19] | |
| March 29 | Blood compact between Magellan and Rajah Kulambo of Limasawa | [18][19] | |
| March 31 | Thefirst mass on Philippine soil is celebrated. | [19][21][22] | |
| April 7 | Magellan lands onCebu; meetsRajah Humabon ofCebu and enters into another blood compact. | [2][18][19] | |
| April 14 | The first Mass inCebu province is celebrated, with about 500 natives, includingRajah Humabon and his wife,baptized into theCatholic Church. | [23] | |
| April 27 | Magellan is killed byLapu-Lapu in thebattle of Mactan; Spaniards defeated. | [18][19][23] | |
| 1525 | Spain sends an expedition under Juan Garcia Jofre de Loaysa to the Philippines. The Loaysa Expedition failed | [17][19] | |
| 1526 | Spain sends another expedition under Juan Cabot to the Philippines. The Cabot Expedition also failed | [19] | |
| 1527 | Spain sends a fourth expedition underÁlvaro de Saavedra Cerón to the Philippines. | [19] | |
| 1529 | Saavedra's expedition returns to Spain without Saavedra who died on the way home. | [19] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1536 | The Loaysa expedition returns to Spain. One of its survivors is Andres de Urdaneta, its chronicler. | [19] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1543 | Spain sends a fifth expedition underRuy López de Villalobos to the Philippines. The Expedition succeeds. | [19] | |
| February 2 | Villalobos arrives in the Philippines and names the islands ofSamar andLeyte as Las Islas Filipinas in honor of the crown prince of Spain,Philip of Asturias; he also becomes the first to exploreMindanao island, naming it "Cesarea Caroli." | [19][21] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1565 | Arrival of theAugustinians | [17] | |
| February 13 | Miguel López de Legazpi arrives in the Philippines, landing inCebu, with four ships and 380 men | [2][17][19][24] | |
| April 27 | Legazpi returns toCebu; settlement established. | [clarification needed] | |
| May 8 | Legazpi established the first permanentSpanish settlement in the country | [19][24] | |
| June 4 | Legazpi, representing KingPhilip II of Spain, andRajah Tupas ofCebu signed theTreaty of Cebu, effectively establishing Spanishsuzerainty over Cebu. | ||
| Philippines was governed as a territory of theViceroyalty ofNew Spain. | |||
| 1567 | Dagami Revolt (1567) | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| 1568 | The Portuguese, under the command of General Gonzalo de Pereira, attack Cebu and blockade its port. | ||
| 1569 | Present-dayCapiz Province becomes a Spanish settlement. | [30] | |
| Legazpi moves theseat of government fromCebu toIloilo. | [17] | ||
| August 6 | King Philip II of Spain, through a royal decree, createsCebu as the country's first Spanish province; he also appointsMiguel Lopez de Legazpi as governor and captain general of the territory. | [31] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1570 | The Portuguese attacked a Spanish colony in Cebu but were repulsed. | ||
| May | Legazpi sends an expedition under the leadership of Martin de Goiti to Manila. | [24] | |
| 1571 | January 1 | Legazpi establishesmunicipality of Cebu and names it "Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus" (Town of the Most Holy Name of Jesus). | [21][32] |
| May 19 | The ruler of Manila, Rajah Suliman, wages war against the Spaniards | ||
| June 24 | Legazpi establishes the Spanish Colonial Government in Manila and proclaims it the capital of the colony | [17][24] | |
| December 11 | Provincehood ofPampanga, first province inLuzon to be inaugurated by the Spaniards. | [33] | |
| 1572 | August 20 | Legazpi dies andGuido de Lavezaris succeeds him asGovernor-General (1572–1575) | [17][24][34] |
| 1574 | November 7 | Enslavement of Filipinos is prohibited by a royal cedula from the Spanish king, as a response to a protest against it a day earlier. | [33] |
| Chinese pirateLimahong, with his men, invadesLuzon; proceeds later toManila. | [17] | ||
| November 23 | The Chinese pirate captain Limahong attacks Manila but fails | [17][35] [verification needed] | |
| December 2 | Limahong again attacks Manila with 1500 soldiers but again fails to defeat the Spaniards | [17][35] [verification needed] | |
| December | Lakandula lead a short revolt against the Spanish. | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| 1575 | Ciudad de Nueva Cáceres (later renamed asNaga City) established by Captain Pedro de Sanchez | ||
| Juan de Salcedo defeatsLimahong and his men inPangasinan, forcing them to flee into the mountains. | [17] | ||
| August 25 | Francisco de Sande appointedGovernor-General (1575–1580) | [34] | |
| 1577 | Arrival of theFranciscans | [17] | |
| 1579 | Diocese of Manila established | [36][37] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1580 | April | Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñaloza appointedGovernor-General (1580–1583) | [34] |
| April 5 | Establishment ofPangasinan as a provincial unit. | [30] | |
| KingPhilip II of Spain becomes King of Portugal, ending the Portuguese harassment of the Philippines | |||
| The Spaniards institute forced labor on all male natives aged 16 to 60. | |||
| 1581 | Arrival of the country's first bishop,Salazar. | [17] | |
| Arrival of theJesuits | [17] | ||
| March | Arrival of the first Dominicans in the Philippines | [38][39] | |
| 1582 | Battles take place between Spanish forces and Japanese Ronin | ||
| 1583 | March 10 | Diego Ronquillo appointedGovernor-General (1583–1584) | [34] |
| August | A great fire destroys Manila. | [40] | |
| 1584 | May 16 | Santiago de Vera appointedGovernor-General (1584–1590) | [34] |
| 1585 | Pampangos Revolt (1585) | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| 1586 | The construction ofSan Agustin Church inIntramuros. | ||
| 1587 | July 21 | Arrival ofMiguel de Benavides with the second batch of Dominicans in the Philippines, and the establishment of the Province of the Most Holy Rosary of the Philippines | [39][41] |
| Conspiracy of the Maharlikas (1587–1588) | [25][26][27][28][29] | ||
| 1589 | Revolts Against the Tribute (1589) | [25][26][27][28][29] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1590 | Missionaries from theSociety of Jesus established the Colegio de Manila in Intramuros. | [7][42][43] | |
| June 1 | Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas appointedGovernor-General (1590–1593) | [34] | |
| 1592 | Miguel de Benavides's Doctrina Christiana in Chinese published | ||
| 1593 | Doctrina Christiana in Spanish and Tagalog is published in the first printing press said to be established byDominicans. | [44][45] | |
| October | Pedro de Rojas appointedGovernor-General (1593) | [34] | |
| December 3 | Luis Pérez Dasmariñas appointedGovernor-General (1593–1596) | [34] | |
| Dominicans pioneer printing in the Philippines by producing through the old technique of xylography. This technique produced the Doctrina Christiana en Lengua Española y Tagala and the Doctrina Christiana en Lengua y Letra China, the first books in the Philippines | [46][note 1] | ||
| 1594 | Convent of Santa Isabel founded | [17] | |
| 1595 | Diocese of Manila raised to anarchbishopric, with BishopIgnacio Santibáñez its first archbishop | [36][37][47] | |
| Diocese of Nueva Segovia established, withMiguel de Benavides as its first bishop. | [36][37][47][48][49] | ||
| Diocese of Caceres established, withLuis Maldonado as its first bishop. | [36][37][47][50][51] | ||
| Diocese of Cebu established, withPedro de Agurto as its first bishop. | [36][37][52][53][54][55][56][57][47] | ||
| Colegio de San Ildefonso founded in Cebu | [58][59] | ||
| 1596 | Magalat Revolt (1596) | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| July 14 | Francisco de Tello de Guzmán appointedGovernor-General (1596–1602) | [34] | |
| 1598 | Colegio de Santa Potenciana, the first school for girls in the Philippines, established | [42][60][61][62] | |
| 1600 | Pedro Bucaneg inscribes the oral epicBiag ni Lam-ang |
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| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1600 | The Dutch attacks the archipelago in a tactical offensive during the European war between Spain and the Netherlands | ||
| Bandala System is formed by the Spanish Colonial Government | |||
| The Galleon trade between Manila and Acapulco, Mexico begins. | |||
| 1601 | Igorot Revolt (1601). | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| August 1 | Colegio de San Jose is established | [42][63][64][65] | |
| 1602 | Chinese revolt of 1602 | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| Fray Blancas de San Jose, O.P. together with Tomas Pinpin succeeds in making typographic printing through movable type | [46] | ||
| May | Pedro Bravo de Acuña appointedGovernor-General (1602–1606). | [34] | |
| 1605 | July 24 | ArchbishopMiguel de Benavides bequeaths his library and a total amount of ₱1,500 for the establishment of a seminary college, the present-dayUniversity of Santo Tomas inManila. | [66][67][note 2] |
| 1606 | Arrival of theRecollects | [17] | |
| June 24 | Cristóbal Téllez de Almanza appointedGovernor-General (1606–1608) by theAudiencia Real. | [34] | |
| 1608 | June 15 | Rodrigo de Vivero y Velasco appointedGovernor-General (1608–1609). | [34] |
| 1609 | April | Juan de Silva appointedGovernor-General (1609–1616). | [34] |
| The Dominicans granted permission to open a seminary-college (the present-dayUniversity of Santo Tomas inManila) byPhilip III of Spain | [66] | ||
| Philip III issues a royal cedula requesting fromGovernorJuan de Silva and theReal Audiencia a report on the projected college (the present-dayUniversity of Santo Tomas inManila). | [68] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1611 | Philip III's permission to open the Dominican's seminary college (the present-dayUniversity of Santo Tomas) arrives in Manila | [66] | |
| April 28 | Act of Foundation for the establishment of theUniversity of Santo Tomas, then known as the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario (later renamed the Colegio de Santo Tomas), signed. The Document of Foundation was signed by Fr. Baltasar Fort, O.P., Provincial of the Dominican Province of the Holy Rosary, Fr. Francisco Minayo, O.P., Prior of the Santo Domingo Convent, and Fr. Bernardo de Santa Catalina, O.P., Commissary-General of the Holy Office of the Philippines. Notary Juan Illian witnessed the signing of the act of foundation. | [42][69][70][66] | |
| 1612 | Fr. Domingo Gonzalez, O.P. appointed to work on the completion of the organization of the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario (presently theUniversity of Santo Tomas inManila) | [69] | |
| The Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario (presently theUniversity of Santo Tomas inManila) formally opens | [69] | ||
| 1616 | April 19 | Andrés Alcaraz appointedGovernor-General (1616–1618) by theAudiencia Real. | [34] |
| June 29 | The Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario (presently theUniversity of Santo Tomas inManila) given authorization to confer academic degrees in Theology and Philosophy by theHoly See | [69] | |
| GovernorAlonso Fajardo de Entenza recognizes the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario (presently theUniversity of Santo Tomas inManila) | [69] | ||
| 1618 | July 3 | Alonso Fajardo de Entenza appointedGovernor-General (1618–1624). | [34] |
| 1619 | University of Santo Tomas, then known as Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santissimo Rosario, recognized by theHoly See. | [69][70] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1620 | Colegio de San Juan de Letran established as the Colegio de Huerfanos de San Pedro y San Pablo. | [42][71][72][73] | |
| 1621 | The Colegio de Manila raised to the status of auniversity and renamed as theUniversidad de San Ignacio byPope Gregory XV. | [7][42] | |
| Tamblot Revolt (1621–1622) | [25][26][27][28][29] | ||
| Bankaw Revolt (1621–1622) | [25][26][27][28][29] | ||
| 1624 | July | Jeronimo de Silva appointedGovernor-General (1624–1625) by theAudiencia Real. | [34] |
| July | Fernando de Silva appointedGovernor-General (1624–1626). | [34] | |
| The Faculties ofPhilosophy andTheology implemented by the royal order ofPhilip IV of Spain | [68] | ||
| 1625 | Isneg Revolt (1625–1627) | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| Tomas Pinpin's printing press settles at the Colegio | [46] | ||
| 1626 | June 29 | Juan Niño de Tabora appointedGovernor-General (1626–1632). | [34] |
| 1627 | University of Santo Tomas, then Colegio de Santo Tomas, authorized to confer degrees byPope Urban VIII. | [69][70] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1632 | July 22 | Lorenzo de Olaza appointedGovernor-General (1632–1633) by theAudiencia Real. | [34] |
| Colegio de Santa Isabel established | [42][74][75] | ||
| 1633 | August 29 | Juan Cerezo de Salamanca appointedGovernor-General (1632–1635). | [34] |
| 1635 | June 25 | Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera appointedGovernor-General (1635–1644). | [34] |
| 1637 | Sucesos Felices is published byTomas Pinpin; first newsletter in the country. | [44] | |
| 1639 | Cagayan Revolt (1639) | [25][26][27][28][29] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1653 | July 25 | Sabiniano Manrique de Lara appointedGovernor-General (1653–1663). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1660 | Zambal Revolt (1660) | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| October 7 | Maniago Revolt (1660) | [25][26][27][28][29] [35] | |
| December 15 | Malong Revolt (1660–1661) | [25][26][27][28][29] [32] | |
| 1661 | Ilocano Revolt (1661) | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| 1662 | Chinese revolt of 1662 | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| 1663 | September 8 | Diego de Salcedo appointedGovernor-General (1663–1668). | [34] |
| Tapar Revolt (1663) | [25][26][27][28][29] | ||
| 1668 | September 28 | Juan Manuel de la Peña Bonifaz appointedGovernor-General (1668–1669). | [34] |
| 1669 | September 24 | Manuel de León appointedGovernor-General (1669–1677). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1677 | September 21 | Francisco Coloma appointedGovernor-General (1677) by theAudiencia Real. | [34] |
| Francisco Sotomayor y Mansilla appointedGovernor-General (1677–1678) by theAudiencia Real. | [34] | ||
| 1678 | September 28 | Juan de Vargas y Hurtado appointedGovernor-General (1678–1684). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1680 | May 12 | University of Santo Tomas placed under Royal Patronage by KingCharles II of Spain. | [69][70] |
| 1681 | Sambal Revolt (1681–1683) | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| 1684 | August 24 | Gabriel de Curuzealegui y Arriola appointedGovernor-General (1684–1689). | [34] |
| 1686 | The construction ofPaoay Church inIlocos Norte. | ||
| Tingco plot (1686) | |||
| 1689 | April | Alonso de Avila Fuertes appointedGovernor-General (1689–1690) by theAudiencia Real | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1690 | July 25 | Fausto Cruzat y Gongora appointedGovernor-General (1690–1701). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1701 | December 8 | Domingo Zabálburu de Echevarri appointedGovernor-General (1701–1709). | [34] |
| 1704 | North Borneo is ceded by thesultan of Brunei to thesultan of Sulu. | [30] | |
| 1709 | August 25 | Martín de Urzua y Arismendi appointedGovernor-General (1709–1715). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1715 | February 4 | Jose Torralba appointedGovernor-General (1715–1717) by theAudiencia Real. | [34] |
| 1717 | August 9 | Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y Rueda appointedGovernor-General (1717–1719). | [34] |
| 1718 | Rivera Revolt (1718) | [25][26][27][28][29] | |
| 1719 | October 11 | ArchbishopFrancisco de la Cuesta of Manila becomes actingGovernor-General (1719–1721). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caragay Revolt (1719) | [25][26][27][28][29] | ||
| 1721 | August 6 | Toribio José Cosio y Campo appointedGovernor-General (1721–1729). | [34] |
| 1722 | Colegio de San Jose conferred with the titleRoyal. | ||
| 1729 | August 14 | Fernándo Valdés y Tamon appointedGovernor-General (1729–1739). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1734 | September 2 | The Faculties ofCivil Law andCanon Law of theUniversity of Santo Tomas established by virtue of a royal cedula ofCharles II of Spain | [38][68] |
| 1739 | July | Gaspar de la Torre appointedGovernor-General (1739–1745). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1744 | Dagohoy Rebellion (1744–1829), the longest in country's history, whereinBohol is proclaimed independent from the Spanish. | [31] | |
| 1745 | September 21 | ArchbishopJuan Arrechederra of Manila becomes actingGovernor-General (1745–1750). | [34] |
| Agrarian Revolt (1745–1746) | [25][26][27][28][29] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1750 | July 20 | Jose Francisco de Obando y Solis appointedGovernor-General (1750–1754). | [34] |
| 1754 | May 15 | Mt Taal emits magma and destroys the towns of Lipa, Sala, Tanauan and Talisay. | |
| July 26 | Pedro Manuel de Arandia Santisteban appointedGovernor-General (1754–1759). | [34] | |
| 1759 | June | Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta appointedGovernor-General (1759–1761). | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1761 | July | ArchbishopManuel Rojo del Rio y Vieyra ofManila appointedGovernor-General (1761–1762). | [34] |
| 1762 | Palaris Revolt (1762–1765) | ||
| Camarines Revolt (1762–1764) | |||
| Cebu Revolt (1762–1764) | |||
| British forces looted and plundered many of Manila establishments through the so-called Rape of Manila. | |||
| Rector Fr. Domingo Collantes of theUniversity of Santo Tomas organizes four companies of university students to help in the defense of the city against theBritish Invasion of Manila | [68] | ||
| September 22 | British fleet entered seizesManila Bay as part of theSeven Years' War | ||
| October 5 | Manila fell under the British rule; start of theBritish occupation. | [2][17] [verification needed] | |
| October 6 | Simón de Anda y Salazar appointedGovernor-General (1762–17614) by theReal Audiencia. Provisional Government established inBacolor, Pampanga with de Anda as dictator. | [34] | |
| October 8 | Gov. Gen.de Anda moves the seat of the Spanish government toBacolor, Pampanga, becoming the temporarycapital of the Philippines (1762–1764). | [32] | |
| November 2 | TheBritish East India Company commissionedThe Rt Hon.Dawsonne Drake became the firstBritish governor-general of the Philippines until 1764. | [34] | |
| November 14 | Silang Revolt (1762–63) | [32] | |
| 1763 | Dabo and Marayac Revolt (1763) | ||
| Isabela Revolt (1763). | |||
| February 10 | Treaty of Paris implicitly returnsManila to Spain. | ||
| May 28 | Death ofDiego Silang | [32] [verification needed] | |
| September | Execution ofGabriela Silang, the onlyFilipina to have led a revolt | [32] | |
| 1764 | March 17 | Simón de Anda y Salazar hands over the control of the colonial government toFrancisco Javier de la Torre, newly appointedGovernor-General (1764–1765) | [34] |
| June 11 | The last of the British ships that sailed to Manila leaves the Philippines for India, ending the British occupation. | [17] [verification needed] | |
| 1765 | February 10 | Royal Fiscal of Manila Don Francisco Léandro de Viana writes the famous letter toKing Charles III of Spain, later called as "Viana Memorial of 1765". The document advised the king to abandon the colony due to the economic and social devastation created by theSeven Years' War. The suggestion was not heeded. | |
| July 6 | José Antonio Raón y Gutiérrez appointedGovernor-General (1765–1770) | [34] | |
| Governor Raon orders the minting of parallelogramic-shaped coins calledbarrillas, the first coined minted in the Philippines. | [34] | ||
| 1768 | 17 May | Royal decree banishing the Society of Jesus from Spain and the Spanish dominions reaches Manila | [78] |
| 1769 | July 23 | TheSociety of Jesus in the Philippines is expelled by Raón after receiving a dated later from Charles III's chief ministerDon Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea on March 1, 1767. The Jesuit's Properties are confiscated by the Spanish Colonial Government | |
| The closure of the JesuitUniversidad de San Ignacio leaves theUniversity of Santo Tomas as the only institution of higher learning in the colony. | [79][80] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1770 | July | Simón de Anda y Salazar appointedGovernor-General (1770–1776) | [34] |
| 1771 | Moro pirates traveled all over the country and raids many fishing villages inManila Bay,Mariveles,Parañaque,Pasay andMalate. | ||
| 1773 | July 21 | Clement XIV suppresses the Society of Jesus in his papal briefDominus ac Redemptor | [81] |
| 1774 | November 9 | Parishes secularized by order of King Charles III of Spain. | |
| 1776 | October 30 | Pedro de Sarrio appointedGovernor-General (1776–1778) | [34] |
| 1778 | July | José Basco y Vargas appointedGovernor-General (1778–1787) | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1780 | Real Sociedad Economica de los Amigos del Pais de Filipinas (Royal Economic Society of Friends of the Philippines) introduced in the Philippines to offer local and foreign scholarships and professorships to Filipinos, and financed trips of scientists from Spain to the Philippines | ||
| 1781 | Charles III of Spain authorizes theUniversity of Santo Tomas to prepare its own statutes, independent of those of theUniversity of Mexico | [68][note 3] | |
| 1783 | Bishop Mateo Joaquin de Arevalo of Cebu establishes the Colegio-Seminario de San Carlos (later renamed as theUniversity of San Carlos) from the old building of the defunctColegio de San Ildefonso, which was closed down in 1769 after thesuppression of the Jesuits. | ||
| June 26 | An island group, which would be namedBatanes, is annexed to the Philippines by the Spanish and is founded as a province called Provincia de la Concepcion. | [30] | |
| 1785 | Lagutao Revolt (1785). | ||
| May 20 | University of Santo Tomas grantedRoyal Title by KingCharles III of Spain. | [69][70][82][83] | |
| 1787 | September 22 | Pedro de Sarrio appointedGovernor-General (1787–1788) | [34] |
| 1788 | Ilocos Norte Revolt (1788). | ||
| April 2 | Birth of the greatestTagalogpoet fromBulacanFrancisco "Balagtas" Baltazar. | ||
| July 1 | Félix Berenguer de Marquina appointedGovernor-General (1788–1793) | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1793 | September 1 | Rafael María de Aguilar y Ponce de León appointedGovernor-General (1793–1806) | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1805 | Nueva Vizcaya Revolt (1805) | ||
| 1806 | August 7 | Mariano Fernández de Folgueras appointedGovernor-General (1806–1810) | [34] |
| 1807 | September 16 | Ambaristo Revolt (1807) | [84] |
| 1808 | May | French EmperorNapoleon Bonaparte installs his brotherJoseph Bonaparte as King of Spain. | |
| 1809 | January 22 | King Joseph Bonaparte gives Filipinos Spanish Citizenship and grants the colony representation in the Spanish Cortes |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1810 | March 4 | Manuel Gonzalez de Aguilar appointedGovernor-General (1806–1813) | [34] |
| 1811 | Del Superior Govierno is established inManila by Gov. Gen.Fernandez de Folgueras; the country's first newspaper lasted six months. | [44][85] | |
| 1812 | March 19 | The Spanish Cortes promulgates theCadiz Constitution | |
| September 24 | The first Philippine delegates to the Spanish Cortes,Pedro Perez de Tagle andJose Manuel Coretto take their oath of office in Madrid, Spain. | ||
| 1813 | March 17 | The Cadiz Constitution implemented in Manila. | |
| September 4 | José Gardoqui Jaraveitia appointedGovernor-General (1806–1816) | [34] | |
| October 16 | Napoleon is defeated in theBattle of the Nations near Leipzig | ||
| October | British General Duke of Wellington drives the Napoleonic forces out of Spain | ||
| 1814 | Ferdinand VII proclaimed as King of Spain; Conservatives return to the Spanish Cortes | ||
| February 1 | Mt. Mayon erupts, affectingAlbay and leaving 1,200 dead. | [86] | |
| 1815 | June 18 | Napoleon is defeated inWaterloo | |
| October 15 | Napoleon is exiled in St. Helena's Island | ||
| 1816 | Cadiz Constitution is rejected by the conservative government and Filipino representation in the Spanish Cortes is abolished | ||
| December 10 | Mariano Fernández de Folgueras appointedGovernor-General (1816–1822) | [34] | |
| 1818 | February 2 | A royal decree divides oldIlocos province intoIlocos Norte andIlocos Sur. | [21][87] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1822 | October 30 | Juan Antonio Martinez appointedGovernor-General (1822–1825) | [34] |
| 1825 | October 14 | Mariano Ricafort Palacín y Abarca appointedGovernor-General (1825–1830) | [34] |
| 1828 | Earthquake strikes Manila destroying many of its buildings | ||
| 1829 | August 31 | Dagohoy Revolt inBohol ended. | [31] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1830 | December 23 | Pascual Enrile y Alcedo appointedGovernor-General (1830–1835) | [34] |
| Manila is opened to the world market | |||
| 1835 | March 1 | Gabriel de Torres appointedGovernor-General (1835) | [34] |
| April 23 | Joaquín de Crámer appointedGovernor-General (1835) | [34] | |
| September 9 | Pedro Antonio Salazar Castillo y Varona appointedGovernor-General (1835) | [34] | |
| Chamber of Commerce is formed | |||
| 1837 | August 27 | Andrés García Camba appointedGovernor-General (1837–1838) | [34] |
| Manila is made an open port. | |||
| 1838 | December 29 | Luis Lardizábal appointedGovernor-General (1838–1841) | [34] |
| Florante at Laura is published. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1841 | February 14 | Marcelino de Oraá Lecumberri appointedGovernor-General (1841–1843) | [34] |
| August 11 | Samar province (laterWestern Samar) is declared independent, separating from the provinces ofLeyte andCebu, through a decree issued by Queen Isabela III of Spain. | [84] | |
| November 4 | Apolinario Dela Cruz better known asHermano Pule was executed. | ||
| 1843 | June 17 | Francisco de Paula Alcalá de la Torre appointedGovernor-General (1843–1844) | [34] |
| 1844 | July 16 | Narciso Clavería y Zaldúa appointedGovernor-General (1844–1849) | [34] |
| 1846 | December 1 | La Esperanza is established by Miguel Sanchez; the country's first daily newspaper lasted three years. | [44][85] |
| 1848 | Diario de Manila, best edited newspaper, is published (1848–1899). | [44][85] | |
| 1849 | December 26 | Antonio María Blanco appointedGovernor-General (1849–1850) | [34] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1850 | July 29 | Antonio de Urbistondo y Eguía appointedGovernor-General (1850–1853) | [34] |
| 1852 | December 4 | Glowing avalanche from MtHibok-Hibok. | |
| 1853 | December 20 | Ramón Montero y Blandino appointedGovernor-General (1853–1854) | [34] |
| 1854 | February 2 | Manuel Pavía y Lacy appointedGovernor-General (1854) | [34] |
| October 28 | Ramón Montero y Blandino appointedGovernor-General (1854) | [34] | |
| November 20 | Manuel Crespo y Cebrían appointedGovernor-General (1854) | [34] | |
| 1856 | December 5 | Ramón Montero y Blandino appointedGovernor-General (1856–1857) | [34] |
| 1857 | January 12 | Fernándo Norzagaray y Escudero appointedGovernor-General (1857–1860) | [34] |
| 1859 | Jesuits return to the Philippines | ||
| Jesuits takes over the Escuela Municipal and establishes theAteneo Municipal |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1871 | TheGabinete de Fisica of theUniversity of Santo Tomas established as the first Museum in the Philippines. | [69][70] | |
| TheFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of theUniversity of Santo Tomas is established as the first school ofMedicine andPharmacy in the Philippines. | [69][70] | ||
| April 4 | Rafael de Izquierdo y Gutíerrez appointedGovernor-General (1871–1873) | [34] | |
| 1872 | January 20 | About 200 Filipinos stage amutiny inCavite. | [17][89] |
| February 17 | PriestsMariano Gomez,José Apolonio Burgos, andJacinto Zamora (together known asGomburza) are implicated in theCavite Mutiny and executed. | [17] [verification needed] | |
| 1873 | January 8 | Manuel MacCrohon appointedGovernor-General (1873) | [34] |
| January 24 | Juan Alaminos y Vivar appointedGovernor-General (1873–1874) | [34] | |
| 1874 | March 17 | Manuel Blanco Valderrama appointed actingGovernor-General (1874) | [34] |
| June 18 | José Malcampo y Monje appointedGovernor-General (1874–1877) | [34] | |
| 1875 | The Colegio de San Jose incorporated into theFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of theUniversity of Santo Tomas. | [69][70][90][78] | |
| September 18 | Colegio de Santa Isabel (now a university) is established in present-dayCamarines Sur province as the country's first normal school for girls. | [84] [clarification needed] | |
| 1877 | Spanish colonial government conducts the first official national census in the country. | [31] | |
| February 28 | Domingo Moriones y Murillo appointedGovernor-General (1877–1880) | [34] | |
| 1878 | Sabah is leased by theSultan of Sulu to theBritish North Borneo Company. | [30] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | March 20 | Rafael Rodríguez Arias appointedGovernor-General (1880) | [34] |
| April 15 | Fernando Primo de Rivera, 1st Marquis of Estella appointedGovernor-General (1880–1883)(1st Term) | [34] | |
| Manila is connected through telegraphic cable with Europe by Eastern Telecom. | |||
| July 18 | Two shocks of an earthquake create destruction from Manila to Santa Cruz, Luguna. Tremors continue until Aug 6 | ||
| 1882 | March 3 | Jose Rizal leaves for Spain to continue his medical studies | |
| June 2 | Jose Rizal begins writing theNoli Me Tangere | ||
| 1883 | March 10 | Emilio Molíns becomes actingGovernor-General (1883). (First Term) | [34] |
| April 7 | Joaquín Jovellar appointedGovernor-General (1883–1885) | [34] | |
| 1884 | Required forced labor of 40 days a year is reduced to 15 days by the Spanish Colonial Government. | ||
| June 21 | Rizal finishes his medical studies in Spain | ||
| 1885 | April 1 | Emilio Molíns becomes actingGovernor-General (1885). (First Term) | [34] |
| April 4 | Emilio Terrero y Perinat appointedGovernor-General (1885–1888) | [34] | |
| 1886 | February 26 | Establishment of theAudiencia Territorial de Cebu. | [21] |
| May 10 | Felix Manalo, founder ofIglesia ni Cristo is born. | ||
| 1887 | May 29 | Noli Me Tangere published. | |
| October | Rizal starts writing theEl Filibusterismo | ||
| The Manila School of Agriculture is established. | |||
| 1888 | March 1 | A massive anti-friar demonstration took place in Manila (led by Doroteo Cortés, José A. Ramos, andMarcelo H. del Pilar) | [91] |
| March 10 | Antonio Molto andFederico Lobaton became actingGovernor-General (1888) | [34] | |
| Valeriano Wéyler appointedGovernor-General (1888–1891) | [34] | ||
| December 10 | La Solidaridad established | ||
| December 12 | A petition, seeking permission for a night school, is submitted by 21 young women ofMalolos, Bulacan, to the Governor-General. | [33] | |
| 1889 | La Solidaridad is first published in Spain as thePropaganda Movement's organ. | [44][85] | |
| El Ilocano is established; country's first local newspaper (1889–1896). | [44][85] [clarification needed] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1891 | March 28 | Rizal finishes writing El Filibusterismo inBiarritz, France | |
| El Filibusterismo published inGhent, Belgium | |||
| Eulogio Despujol appointedGovernor-General (1891–1893) | [34] | ||
| 1892 | Diariong Tagalog is published; first native daily paper, lasted at least three months. | [44] | |
| June 26 | Rizal arrives in the Philippines from Europe viaHong Kong | ||
| July 3 | Rizal forms the La Liga Filipina | ||
| July 7 | Rizal is arrested for establishing the La Liga Filipina | ||
| Andres Bonifacio secretly established theKatipunan. | |||
| Rizal is exiled toDapitan | |||
| September 23 | Filipino painterJuan Luna shot dead his wife Paz Pardo De Tavera. | ||
| November 24 | Ferrocaril de Manila-Dagupan is opened, country's first railroad line with route ofManila–Dagupan, the forerunner of thePhilippine National Railways. | [33] | |
| 1893 | El Hogar is established; country's first publication for and by women. | [44][85] | |
| March 10 | Federico Ochando becomes actingGovernor-General (1893) | [34] | |
| Ramón Blanco appointedGovernor-General (1893–1896) | [34] | ||
| 1894 | July 8 | Bonifacio forms the Katipunan | |
| October 17 | Sorsogon province was separated fromAlbay province. | [87] | |
| 1895 | First local (municipal) elections | ||
| April 12 | Recorded "earliest" day of celebration of independence, whenAndres Bonifacio and other Katipuneros go toPamitinan Cave inMontalban (now Rodriguez), Rizal to initiate newKatipunan members. | [92] | |
| 1896 | Republic of Kakarong de Sili is established inPandi, Bulacan. | [35] | |
| July 1 | Rizal is recruited as a physician for the Spanish Army inCuba by Governor Ramon Blanco | ||
| August 6 | Rizal returns to Manila from Cuba | ||
| August 19 | Katipunan is discovered by the Spanish authorities. Katipuneros flee toBalintawak | [40] | |
| August 23 | Revolution is proclaimed by Bonifacio at the Cry of Balintawak. Katipuneros tear up their cedulas | ||
| August 26 | Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto and other Katipuneros board Rizal's ship to Barcelona. They offer his rescue but Rizal refused | ||
| August 30 | Revolutionary Battle at San Juan del Monte. Governor Ramon Blanco proclaims a state of war in Manila,Laguna,Cavite,Batangas,Pampanga,Bulacan,Tarlac andNueva Ecija. | ||
| Battle of San Juan del Monte took place. | |||
| September 2 | Rizal Boards the ship Isla de Panay forBarcelona | ||
| Gen.Mariano Llanera leads the Filipino revolutionaries in a three-day battle against the Spanish forces inSan Isidro, Nueva Ecija. | [31] | ||
| September 4 | Four members ofKatipunan involved in theBattle of San Juan del Monte, were executed on theCampo de Bagumbayan. | ||
| September 12 | Thirteen Filipinos were executed in Plaza de Armas in thetown of Cavite. | [86] | |
| October 3 | Rizal arrives at Barcelona | ||
| October 4 | Rizal is imprisoned in Montjuich by order of Capt. Gen. Despujo | ||
| October 6 | Rizal returns to Manila as a prisoner | ||
| October 31 | A new group of the Katipunan is formed in Cavite headed by Emilio Aguinaldo | ||
| Emilio Aguinaldo issues his manifestos inKawit,Cavite, declaring the aim of the revolution and announcing the formation of a central revolutionary committee for the municipal government. | [32] | ||
| November 11 | Filipino forces, underEmilio Aguinaldo, defeat theSpaniards in abattle inKawit,Cavite. | [32][33] | |
| November 13 | Rizal arrives in Manila and is incarcerated in Fort Santiago | ||
| November 20 | Rizal is interrogated for charges against the Spanish Colonial Government | ||
| December 13 | Camilo Polavieja becomes actingGovernor-General (1896–1897) | [34] | |
| December 30 | Rizal is executed atBagumbayan. | [88][93] | |
| 1897 | January 1 | Some 3,000 Filipino fighters diein an attack by the Spanish soldiers against revolutionaries under Gen. Eusebio Roque inPandi, Bulacan. | [35] |
| January 4 | Eleven of the15 Filipinos ofBicol were executed at theLuneta inManila | ||
| January 11 | ThirteenLa Liga Filipina members areexecuted atLuneta,Manila. | [86] | |
| February 6 | Katipunan leaderRoman Basa and eight members are executed inBagumbayan. | [94] | |
| February 17 | Battle of Zapote Bridge | [94] | |
| March 22 | TheKatipunan creates a revolutionary government and holds its election, duringTejeros Convention inCavite, said to be the first election ever held in country's electoral history.Emilio Aguinaldo is elected as president. | [21][95] [verification needed] | |
| March 23 | Nineteen Filipinos ofKalibo, Aklan were executed | ||
| April 15 | José de Lachambre becomes actingGovernor-General (1897) | [34] | |
| April 18 | Dissenters from theTejeros Convention election results concluded theNaic Military Agreement | ||
| April 23 | Fernando Primo de Rivera appointedGovernor-General (1897–1898) | [34] | |
| April 29 | Katipuneros arrest Andres Bonifacio and his brothers Procopio and Ciriaco on orders of Aguinaldo with sedition and treason before a military court of the Katipunan. | ||
| May 8 | The Katipunan convicts and sentences Bonifacio brothers to death | ||
| May 10 | Andres Bonifacio and his brothers are executed at Mt. Buntis,Maragondon, Cavite. | ||
| May 31 | Aguinaldo establishes a Philippine republican government inBiak-na-Bato,San Miguel, Bulacan. | ||
| August 10 | Aguinaldo begins negotiating with the Spaniards colonial government in Manila withPedro Paterno as representative. | ||
| August 15 | A 7.9 intensity estimated earthquake hits Luzon's northwest coast | ||
| November 1 | Constitution of Biak-na-Bato is promulgated by the revolutionaries, includingAguinaldo. | [33] | |
| December 14 | Pact of Biak-na-Bato, between Filipinos (Aguinaldo) and Spaniards (Gov.Primo de Rivera), signed. | [17][30][33] | |
| December 27 | Aguinaldo is self-exiled to Hong Kong following the Pact of Biak-na-Bato | ||
| 1898 | The only issue ofKatipunan#Kalayaan, the official organ of theKatipunan, is published. | [44] | |
| The American Soldier andThe Soldier's Letter are published; firstEnglish language newspapers. | [44] | ||
| Official Gazette is established by the civil government. | [44] | ||
| February 8 | The Katipunan is revived byEmilio Jacinto andFeliciano Jocson | ||
| March 25 | A revolutionary government inCandon, Ilocos Sur is established by Don Isabelo Abaya as he startsCry of Candon. | [21] | |
| April 3 | Pantaleon Villegas (Leon Kilat) leads a battle againstSpanish forces in present-dayCebu City; said to be the start of the revolution inCebu province. | [23] | |
| April 11 | Basilio Augustín appointedGovernor-General (1898) | [34] | |
| April 14 | LocalKatipunan members under Ildefonso Moreno conduct an uprising against Spanish colonizers inDaet town. | [30] | |
| April 17 | A provisional government is established by Gen.Francisco Macabulos, with its own constitution signed; lasts about a month. | [30] | |
| April 24 | Aguinaldo meets American Consul, Mr. Pratt, atSingapore. | [17] | |
| April 26 | Aguinaldo goes toHong Kong. | [17] | |
| The US declares war on Spain. | |||
| May 1 | CommodoreGeorge Dewey attacks Manila | ||
| May 19 | Aguinaldo and his companions return toCavite Province from exile inHong Kong. | [23][30] [clarification needed] | |
| May 24 | Aguinaldo proclaims a dictatorial government and issues two decrees which show his trust and reliance in US protection | ||
| May 28 | Filipino revolutionaries defeat the Spanish forces in abattle in Alapan,Imus,Cavite, with the first unfurling of thePhilippine flag. | [30] | |
| June 12 | Philippine Independence from Spain isdeclared byFilipino revolutionaries, led by Pres.Aguinaldo, inKawit,Cavite. | [2][95] | |
| June 23 | Aguinaldo changes the dictatorial government to revolutionary government. | ||
| June 27 | Over 50 Spanish soldiersbegin to hide themselves at a church inBaler town, in what would be their last stand in the country against the revolutionaries. | [23] | |
| July 15 | Aguinaldo creates a cabinet | ||
| TheMalolos Congress in established | |||
| July 17 | US reinforcements and troops arrive in the Philippines. | ||
| July 22 | Pangasinan Province is liberated from the Spanish. | [31] | |
| July 24 | Fermín Jáudenes becomes actingGovernor-General (1898) | [34] | |
| August 13 | Francisco Rizzo becomes actingGovernor-General (1898) | [34] | |
| Wesley Merritt appointedMilitary Governor (1898) | [34] | ||
| August 14 | The Spanish surrender to the U.S., whichtookManila. | [17] | |
| August 22 | Revolutionary government headquarters is transferred fromBacoor,Cavite toMalolos, Bulacan through a decree issued by Pres.Aguinaldo. | [84] | |
| August 29 | Elwell S. Otis appointedMilitary Governor (1898–1900) | [34] | |
| September | Diego de los Ríos becomes actingGovernor-General (1898) | [34] | |
| September 15 | Delegates of what would be known as theMalolos Congress convene atBarasoain Church inMalolos, Bulacan to drafta Constitution for the country. | [31] | |
| September 29 | TheMalolos Congress meets and elects its officers; ratifies theDeclaration of Independence proclaimed on June. | [84] | |
| El Horado de la Revolucion, the official publication of theMalolos Congress, publishes its first issue. | [84] | ||
| October 11 | The Manila Times is founded by Thomas Cowan and publishes its first issue; the country's oldest running broadsheet; its first incarnation lasted 32 years. | [20][44][96] | |
| October 15 | The American is published by Franklyn Brooks; secondEnglish language daily paper. | [44] | |
| October 19 | Universidad Literaria de Filipinas is established inMalolos, Bulacan through a presidential decree. | [33] | |
| October 24 | Enrique Mendiola founds a college school for boys, the Burgos Institute, inMalolos, Bulacan. | [33] | |
| October 25 | Establishment ofAcademia Militar, country's first military training school that lasted for less than a year. | [33] | |
| November 5 | A revolutionary movement under Gen.Aniceto Lacson and Gen.Juan Araneta proclaims theRepublic of Negros inBago town. | [32][33] | |
| November 7 | Revolutionary forces promulgates a constitution for theRepublic of Negros and declare Gen.Lacson as president. | [32] | |
| November 17 | Provisional revolutionary government of the Visayas is organized inSanta Barbara town upon liberation of the majority ofIloilo province, with Roque Lopez elected president;Cry of Santa Barbara occurs. | [35] | |
| November 22 | Town of San Jose in Antique is captured from Spanish forces by revolutionaries under Leandro Fullon, who established a provincial government. | [35] | |
| November 29 | Malolos Congress approvesits draft Constitution. | [31][35] | |
| December 10 | Spain and the U.S. sign theTreaty of Paris. Article III provides for thecession of the Philippines to the U.S. by Spain and the payment of 20 million dollars to Spain by the US. | [20] [verification needed] | |
| December 21 | US presidentMcKinley issues the Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation | ||
| December 23 | Pres.Aguinaldo signs theMalolos Constitution. | [31][33][35] | |
| December 24 | Gov. Gen.de los Rios surrenders thetown of Iloilo to revolutionary forces under Gen.Martin Delgado. | [32] | |
| 1899 | January 20 | U.S. Pres.McKinley appoints the first Philippine Commission, known as theSchurman Commission | [17] [verification needed] |
| January 21 | TheMalolos Constitution is promulgated byAguinaldo. | [21][31][35] | |
| January 23 | TheMalolos Republic (First Republic) government, Asia's first republic, is inaugurated atBarasoain Church inMalolos, Bulacan;Emilio Aguinaldo takes his oath of office as thefirstpresident of the Philippines. | [2][21][89] | |
| February 4 | Hostilities break out between the Filipino and U.S. forces. | [17][89] | |
| February 6 | The US Senate ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Spain | ||
| March 3 | La Justicia,Cebu province's first Filipino-owned newspaper, publishes its first issue. | [21] | |
| March 4 | The Schurman Commission arrives in Manila | ||
| April 23 | Filipino forces under Gen.Gregorio del Pilar defeated the Americans in anencounter inQuingua (now Plaridel), Bulacan. | [23] | |
| May 6 | Aguinaldo creates a new cabinet | ||
| The country'sfirst municipal election is held inBaliuag, Bulacan. | [23] | ||
| May 12 | Filipino troops, led byEmilio Aguinaldo, recapture theCalumpit andBaliwag towns from the Americans. | [23] | |
| May 18 | GeneralVicente Alvarez establishes theRepublic of Zamboanga. | ||
| May 20 | Aguinaldo's moves face opposition fromApolinario Mabini andAntonio Luna | ||
| June 2 | Siege of Baler ends after 11 months, with 35 surviving Spanish soldiers surrendered. | [23] | |
| June 5 | Antonio Luna killed | ||
| October 11 | Pres.Aguinaldo moves the seat of government fromSan Isidro, Nueva Ecija toTarlac Province. | [35] | |
| December 2 | Gregorio Del Pilar killed in theBattle of Tirad Pass. | [33] [verification needed] | |
| December 4 | An American base is attacked by the Filipinos inVigan, Ilocos Sur. | [33] |
.svg)
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | January 21 | The Schurman Commission returns to the U.S. | |
| February 2 | Manila Bulletin is founded as a shipping journal by Carson Taylor, an American, and publishes its first issue. | [20][44] [verification needed] | |
| March 16 | U.S. Pres.McKinley appoints the second Philippine Commission, known as theTaft Commission | [17] [verification needed] | |
| March | American forces captureBohol. | ||
| April | Battle of Cagayan de Misamis | ||
| April | Siege of Catubig | ||
| May 5 | Arthur MacArthur, Jr appointedMilitary Governor (1900–1901) | [34] | |
| May | Battle of Agusan Hill | ||
| June | Battle of Makahambus Hill | ||
| June 3 | The Taft Commission arrives in Manila | ||
| July 31 | Filipino revolutionaries defeat American troops in abattle inBoac, Marinduque, said to be the first recorded armed encounter between two forces. | [84] | |
| August 20 | Pres.Aguinaldo orders the start of attack against American forces innorthern Luzon. | [84] | |
| September | Battle of Pulang Lupa | ||
| September | Battle of Mabitac | ||
| December 23 | Partido Liberal established | ||
| 1901 | March 2 | The Army Appropriation Act, also known as theSpooner Amendment, is passed by the US Senate. | |
| March 23 | Pres.Aguinaldo is captured by US authorities inPalanan town. | [2][17][89] [verification needed] | |
| April 1 | Aguinaldo takes an oath of allegiance to the US. | [2] [verification needed] | |
| April 15 | Gov.Taft inaugurates the provincial government ofCapiz. (Phil. Commission Act No. 115) | [30] | |
| June 11 | Establishment ofRizal Province by the second Philippine Commission, upon unification of then provinces ofManila andMorong. (Act No. 137) | [30] | |
| June 17 | El Colegio de San Beda established | ||
| July 1 | End of insurrection declared | [17] | |
| July 4 | Adna Chaffee appointed as the lastUS Military Governor (1901–1902) | ||
| A civil government is established in the Philippines withWilliam Howard Taft as the firstCivil Governor (1901–1904) | |||
| July 18 | The US organizes thePhilippine Constabulary | ||
| August 28 | Silliman Institute, later known asSilliman University, is established as the first American university in the Philippines. | [84] | |
| September | The first Filipino members of the second Philippine Commission are appointed | ||
| September 28 | Guerillas, headed by the Filipino CaptainEugenio Daza, attack the U.S. military barracks inBalangiga, Samar; Americans' "worst single defeat." | [31] [clarification needed] | |
| September 29 | Balangiga massacre occurs | [31] [clarification needed] | |
| October 20 | A U.S. Marine battalion arrives on Samar to conduct theMarch across Samar operation | ||
| October 29 | Thepresident of the United States creates the position of provincial vice governor in the country, under theSpooner Amendment. | [33] | |
| November 4 | The Philippine Commission enacts the Sedition Act | ||
| December 14 | An earthquake estimated of magnitude 7.8 shakes Lucena City. | ||
| 1902 | January | The first labor union of The Country, Union de Litografose Impresores de Filipinas, is organized. | |
| January 21 | The Philippine Commission calls for the organization of Public Schools in the Philippines. | ||
| March 30 | The US Marines leave Balangiga | ||
| April 16 | General Miguel Malvar surrenders to the US forces | ||
| May | Governor Taft negotiates withPope Leo XIII the sale of the friar lands in the Philippines | ||
| May 2 | Macario Sakay establishes a secondTagalog Republic. | ||
| June | Mindoro andLubang islands are annexed toMarinduque province. | [35] | |
| July 1 | ThePhilippine Organic Act was enacted. | [17] | |
| Cooper Act is passed by the US Senate. Philippine Assembly is established | [17] | ||
| July 4 | Americans proclaim the end of thePhilippine–American War, however fighting continues | ||
| August 3 | The foundation ofIglesia Filipina Independiente separated fromRoman Catholic Church was proclaimed by theUnion Obrera Democratica withGregorio Aglipay as the 1stObispo Maximo | ||
| September 17 | Pope Leo XIII formally bestows aPontifical title on theUniversity of Santo Tomas | [69][70] | |
| November 10 | Marinduque province is annexed toTayabas province (nowQuezon). (Act No. 499) | [35] | |
| November 12 | Bandolerism Act passed by the Philippine Commission. All armed resistance against US rule are considered banditry | ||
| 1903 | Governor Taft enunciates the policy of The Philippines for the Filipinos | ||
| May 1 | Thousands of members of theUnion Obrera Democratica Filipina, led byDominador Gomez, stage a massive rally aiming for workers' rights as well asa public holiday forMay 1. | [97] | |
| June 1 | Establishment of theMoro Province, consisting of the districts ofJolo,Lanao,Cotabato,Davao andZamboanga. | [23] | |
| 1904 | February 1 | Luke Edward Wright appointed asCivil Governor (1904–1905) | |
| October 19 | The Manila Business School was founded and started its operation (later as the Philippine School of Commerce, 1908, then as the Philippine College of Commerce, 1952, and now thePolytechnic University of the Philippines). | ||
| November 16 | Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm is established inPalawan, country's oldest and largestopen prison. | [32][33] | |
| 1905 | November 3 | Henry Clay Ide appointed asCivil Governor (1905–1906) | |
| 1906 | May 27 | Establishment ofCulion Leper Colony inCulion Island inPalawan. | [23] |
| September 20 | James Francis Smith appointed asCivil Governor (1906–1909) | ||
| December 3 | St. Scholastica's College inManila is established by the Missionary Benedictine Sisters ofTutzing. | [98] | |
| 1907 | June 3 | Centro Escolar University established as Centro Escolar de Señoritas. | |
| June 30 | First congressional elections held | ||
| September 13 | Macario Sakay is executed by hanging, ending his Tagalog Republic. | ||
| October 10 | A law (Act No. 1761) that restricts and regulates the use and sale of dangerous drugs is signed. | [33] | |
| October 16 | TheFirst Philippine Assembly is inaugurated and convened. | [17] | |
| 1908 | June 18 | TheUniversity of the Philippines is established inManila. | [33] [verification needed] |
| August 29 | Philippines Free Press is founded by Judge W.A. Kincaid and publishes its first issue in magazine format. | [44][99] [clarification needed] | |
| 1909 | March 6 | Present-dayUniversity of the Philippines Los Baños inLaguna is established, first autonomousUP campus. | [21] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1911 | January 27 | Mt Taal erupts, and kills 1,334 people | |
| June 16 | De La Salle University-Manila is founded as De La Salle College by the Brothers of Christian Schools. | ||
| 1912 | A silent movie aboutJose Rizal is the first Filipino movie introduced in the Philippines. | [44][100] [clarification needed] | |
| 1913 | June | Battle of Bud Bagsak | [101] |
| September 1 | Newton W. Gilbert appointed as actingCivil Governor (1913) | ||
| October 6 | Francis Burton Harrison appointed asCivil Governor (1913–1921) | ||
| 1914 | July 27 | Iglesia ni Cristo (largest independent church in Asia) is registered to the government. | |
| 1916 | October 16 | TheJones Act is passed establishing an all-Filipino legislature | |
| Manuel Quezon elected Senate President whileSergio Osmeña is elected as House Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of the Philippines | [102][103][104][105][106] [107][108][109] | ||
| 1917 | January 11 | The first cabinet of Filipinos under the US regime is organized. | |
| March 9 | Provincehood ofAbra (Act No. 2683) | [89] | |
| March 10 | An Act Amending the Administrative Code (Act No. 2711) reorganizes the territories in the Philippines, consisting of:
| [21][87][110] | |
| 1919 | September 19 | Thesilent filmDalagang Bukid byJosé Nepomuceno was released, the first film to be produced locally. | [100][111] [verification needed] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1920 | Mountain Province is established by American colonial government. | [89] | |
| February 21 | Provincehood ofMarinduque (Act No. 2880), separating fromTayabas. | [21][35] | |
| August | Philippines Herald is established byManuel L. Quezon and formerManila Times journalists; first pro-Filipino nationalist newspaper. | [20][44] | |
| December 15 | Provincehood ofMasbate (Act No. 2934), former sub-province independent fromSorsogon. | [32] | |
| 1921 | March 5 | Charles Yeater appointed as actingCivil Governor (1921) | |
| October 14 | Leonard Wood appointed asCivil Governor (1921–1927) | ||
| 1922 | Mrs. Redgrave pioneers the radio broadcasting fromNichols Field, only for a test broadcast. | [112] | |
| June | Henry Hermann, owner of an electrical supply company, begins operating three radio stations inManila andPasay, also for their test broadcasts. | [44][112][113][114] | |
| 1924 | October 4 | Radio Corporation of the Philippines (RCP) acquires radio stationKZKZ, which begins its broadcast by Hermann earlier that year, replacing experimental stations; broadcast ceased in 1925 upon merger of Far Eastern Radio withRCP. | [44][112][113][114] |
| 1927 | August 7 | Eugene Allen Gilmore appointed as actingCivil Governor (1927) | |
| December 27 | Henry L. Stimson appointed asCivil Governor (1927–1929) | ||
| 1929 | RCP operates its first radio station outsideManila, also first provincial station in the country, withKZRC (Radio Cebu) inCebu, experimental station originally a relay station of KZRM inManila. | [44][112][113][114][115] | |
| February 23 | Eugene Allen Gilmore appointed as actingCivil Governor (1929) | ||
| July 8 | Dwight F. Davis appointed asCivil Governor (1929–1932) | ||
| November 2 | OldMisamis is divided into the new provinces ofMisamis Occidental andMisamis Oriental. (Act No. 3537; amended byAct No. 3777 on November 28, 1930). | [33][35] [clarification needed] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1930 | November 7 | Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas (PKP, Communist Party of the Philippines) is formally established byCrisanto Evangelista atTondo, Manila. | [35][116] |
| 1932 | January 9 | George C. Butte appointed as actingCivil Governor (1932) | |
| January 21 | Davao Prison and Penal Farm in present-dayDavao del Norte is established (Act No. 3732); country's first penal settlement. | [21] | |
| February 29 | Theodore Roosevelt Jr. appointed asCivil Governor (1932–1933) | ||
| October 26 | The Communist Party of the Philippines is declared illegal by the Supreme Court | ||
| 1933 | July 15 | Frank Murphy appointed as the lastCivil Governor of the Philippines (1933–1935) | |
| October 29 | Partido Sakdal formed. | [97] | |
| December 7 | Governor-GeneralFrank Murphy granted the Right of Suffrage to the Filipino women. | ||
| 1934 | March 24 | TheTydings-McDuffie Law, known as the Philippine Independence Law, is approved by U.S.PresidentRoosevelt. | [2][117] |
| May 7 | A pearl, which would be one of the world's largest, is found inPalawan. | [30] | |
| July 10 | 202 delegates are elected to the Constitutional Convention in accordance with the Tydings-McDuffie Act | ||
| July 30 | The Philippine Constitutional Convention is inaugurated | ||
| November 3 | Bannawag,Ilocos region's weekly vernacular magazine, established. | [32] | |
| 1935 | February 8 | The Constitutional Convention creates a new constitution | |
| February 15 | The Philippine Constitution is signed | ||
| May 2 | Sakdalista uprising against thePhilippine Constabulary fails with at least 60 members dead. | [97] | |
| May 14 | The Philippine electorate ratifies the Constitution in a referendum | ||
| September 17 | Manuel Quezon elected president in the first Philippine presidential elections | [2][102][103][104][105] [106] | |
| November 15 | The Philippine Commonwealth is inaugurated | ||
| The Office ofCivil Governor is abolished | |||
| December 21 | TheNational Defense Act of 1935 that created theArmed Forces of the Philippines was signed. | ||
| 1936 | March 25 | PresidentManuel L. Quezon issued Executive Order No. 23 which provided for the technical description and specifications of the Philippine national flag. | [102][103][104][105][106] |
| October 31 | TheBoy Scouts of the Philippines was established. | ||
| 1937 | February 3–7 | The 33rdInternational Eucharistic Congress was held inRizal Park, Manila; first in Asia. | [89] [verification needed] |
| November 9 | TheInstitute of National Language recommendsTagalog as the basis of the country's national language. | [33] | |
| 1939 | July 15 | KZRH, established by H. E. Heacock Company under Samuel Caches, goes on air; country's oldest existing radio station, renamed PIAM during the Japanese era and nowDZRH. | [44][113][114][115][118] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1941 | January 1 | Provincehood ofRomblon (Commonwealth Act No. 38) | [21] |
| March 15 | Philippine Airlines starts operations with its maiden flight betweenMakati andBaguio cities. | [21] | |
| November 11 | Manuel Quezon re-elected as President | [102][103][104][105][106] | |
| December 8 | Start of theJapanese invasion of the Philippines followingPearl Harbor attack. | [2][119][120] | |
| December 10 | Japanese planes attackSangley Point inCavite. | [35] | |
| December 17 | Wenceslao Vinzons organizes a citizen's army to fight Japanese forces inCamarines Norte. | [35] | |
| December 20 | President Quezon, his family and the war cabinet move to Corregidor Island | [102][103][104][105][106] | |
| December 26 | General MacArthur declares Manila anopen city | [121][122][123][124][125] | |
| December 28 | Filipino and US armies retreat to Bataan | ||
| December 30 | Pres.Quezon and Vice Pres.Osmeñatake their oath of office for their second term inCorregidor Island,Cavite. | [32][102][103][104][105] [106] | |
| 1942 | January 2 | Japanese troops enters Manila | |
| January 3 | Masaharu Homma appointed asJapanese Military Governor (1942) | ||
| General Masaharu Homma declares the end of American Rule in the Philippines | |||
| Martial Law declared | |||
| January 13 | All forms of opposition against the Japanese forces declared subject to death penalty | ||
| January 23 | An executive committee, composed of Filipinos, is formed by General Homma as a conduit of the military administration's policies and requirements. | ||
| February 17 | The Japanese Military Government issues an order adopting the Japanese educational system in The Country | ||
| February 20 | President Quezon and the war cabinet leave for the US | [102][103][104][105][106] | |
| March 11 | General MacArthur leaves for Australia to take command of the South Western Pacific Area | [121][122][123][124][125] | |
| March 13 | The Commonwealth government is moved to the US | ||
| March 25 | Hukbong Bayan Laban sa Hapon (Hukbalahap, People's Anti-Japanese Army) is organized in Cabiao, Nueva Ecija. | [89] [clarification needed] | |
| April | A pro-US resistance movement is organized, mainly to provide data to the US on enemy positions | ||
| April 9 | Battle of Bataan:Bataan, under US commander Gen. Edward King, is the last province that surrenders to the Japanese armies. | [23][126] | |
| May 6 | Corregidor Island falls to Japanese forces. | [23][33] | |
| June 8 | Shizuichi Tanaka appointed asJapanese Military Governor (1942–1943) | ||
| June 14 | The Commonwealth of the Philippines becomes a member of the United Nations | ||
| December 30 | The Kalibapi is organized by the Japanese | ||
| 1943 | May 28 | Shigenori Kuroda appointed asJapanese Military Governor (1943–1942) | |
| June 20 | Japanese Premier Hideki Tojo nominates an all Filipino 20 member Preparatory Commission for Philippine Independence | ||
| September 4 | The Philippine Preparatory Commission for Independence drafts a new Constitution which provides for a unicameral national assembly | ||
| September 20 | The 108 delegates to the National Assembly are chosen by the members of the Preparatory Commission for Philippine Independence. | ||
| September | Jose P. Laurel elected President of the Philippines by the National Assembly | [127][128][129] | |
| October 14 | The puppet government is inaugurated. Laurel takes his oath of office | [127][128][129] | |
| November | The Philippine economy collapses, the shortage of rice becomes serious. | ||
| November 10 | U.S. Congress approves a resolution allowing Pres.Quezon to serve beyond the designated period, nine days after his term expires. | [86] | |
| 1944 | May | The puppet government inaugurates the Green Revolution Movement. | |
| August 1 | Death of Pres.Quezon; Vice Pres.Sergio Osmena then assumes theOffice of the President of theCommonwealth of the Philippines. | [86][102][103][104][105] [106][107][108][109] | |
| September 21 | US forces raids Manila | ||
| September 26 | Tomoyuki Yamashita appointed asJapanese Military Governor (1944–1945) | ||
| October 20 | Gen.MacArthur lands inPalo, Leyte, accompanied by Pres.Osmeña and U.S. troops. | [33][107][108][109][121] [122][123][124][125] | |
| October 23 | Gen.Douglas MacArthur reestablishes theCommonwealth government of the Philippines inTacloban, Leyte, withSergio Osmeña as its president. | [32] | |
| October 24 | Battle of Leyte Gulf:Battle of Sibuyan Sea | [32][89] | |
| December 8 | Pro-Japanese Philippine generals Pio Duran and Benigno Ramos organize the Makapilis | ||
| 1945 | January 9 | U.S. troops led by Gen.MacArthurland on the shores ofPangasinan viaLingayen Gulf inan attempt to liberate the country from the Japanese. | [2][21][89] |
| January 30 | Raid at Cabanatuan: 121 American soldiers and 800 Filipino guerrillas free 813 AmericanPrisoners of war from the Japanese-held camp in the city of Cabanatuan in the Philippines. | ||
| January–February | Battle of Bataan (1945) | ||
| February–April | Battle of Baguio | ||
| February | Raid at Los Baños | ||
| February 4 | US troops enter Manila | ||
| February 22 | Hukbalahap troop leaders arrested by the US forces | ||
| February 24 | The Battle of Manila ends. The Japanese surrender to the combined US and Filipino troops | ||
| February 27 | MacArthur hands over Malacanang Palace to Osmena. | [107][108][109][121][122] [123][124][125] | |
| March–April | Battle for Cebu City | ||
| March–July | Battle of the Visayas | ||
| March | Corregidor Island is reoccupied by the Americans. | [33] | |
| March 3 | Battle of Manila (1945): The US and Filipino troops recapturedManila. | ||
| March 18 | Town of Panay in Capiz and theprovince of Romblon are liberated from the Japanese forces. | [21] | |
| March 19 | Filipino and American forces defeat the Japanese in abattle occurred in Bacsil Ridge inSan Fernando, La Union. | [89] | |
| March 22 | The families of pro-Japanese President Laurel and Speaker Aquino leave the country for Japan to seek refuge | [127][128][129] | |
| March 24 | Town of San Fernando in La Union is liberated from the Japanese forces. | [89] | |
| April 22 | Palawan is liberated from Japanese invaders. | [23] | |
| April 27 | Baguio is liberated from Japanese forces. | [30] | |
| May 10–13 | Filipino and U.S. forces defeat the Japanese in a battle occurred inBalete Pass (now Dalton Pass) inSanta Fe, Nueva Vizcaya. | [30] | |
| June 5 | The Congress elected in 1941 convenes for the first time | ||
| June 14 | Filipino soldiers, with the Americans, defeat the Japanese under Gen.Tomoyuki Yamashita in abattle inTagudin, Ilocos Sur; considered as their greatest victory inWorld War II. | [23] | |
| July 5 | General MacArthur announces the liberation of the Philippines | [121][122][123][124][125] | |
| August 15 | The Empire of Japan accepts defeat | ||
| August 17 | Pres.Laurel issues an Executive Proclamation putting an end to theSecond Philippine Republic, thus ending to his term as President of the Philippines. | [127][128][129] | |
| September 2 | The final officialJapanese Instrument of Surrender is accepted by the Supreme Allied Commander, GeneralDouglas MacArthur, andFleet AdmiralChester W. Nimitz for the United States, and delegates from Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, The Netherlands, China, and others from a Japanese delegation led byMamoru Shigemitsu, on board the American battleship USSMissouri inTokyo Bay. | [2][121][122][123][124] [125] | |
| Japanese general Tomoyuki Yamashita surrenders to Filipino and American forces at Kiangan, Ifugao. | |||
| September 12 | Jose P. Laurel is arrested by the US army | [127][128][129] | |
| September 26 | Provincehood ofCatanduanes (Commonwealth Act No. 687), former sub-province independent fromAlbay. | [35][84] [clarification needed] | |
| October 24 | TheUnited Nations is founded by ratification ofits Charter, by29 nations. | ||
| December | Manuel Roxas separates from the Nacionalista Party of Sergio Osmena Sr and joins the Liberal Party | [107][108][109] | |
| 1946 | February 23 | Tomoyuki Yamashita is executed by hanging atLos Baños, Laguna prison camp for the war crimes. | |
| April 23 | Manuel Roxas wins in the last presidential election under the Commonwealth | ||
| April | U.S. Pres. Harry Truman signs into law the Philippine Trade Act (Bell Trade Act) of 1946, continuing free trade relations between the U.S. and the Philippines, and imposing tariffs; Tydings Rehabilitation Act passed. | ||
| June 13 | Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC) is established byJames Lindenberg; laterAlto Broadcasting System (ABS) and the forerunner ofABS–CBN. | [130][131] | |
| July | Hukbong Mapaglaya ng Bayan (HMB) is organized in Candaba, Pampanga. | ||
| July | Congress votes to accept the Bell Trade Act. | ||
| July 4 | The United States recognizes the Independence of theRepublic of the Philippines. | [20][132] | |
| Manuel Roxas becomes the first president of theThird Republic. | [2] | ||
| September | Congress passes an amendment that revises Constitution, allowing the Americans parity rights. | ||
| September 30 | The Amended Tenancy Act is promulgated. | ||
| 1947 | January | Rehabilitation Finance Corporation (RFC), later Development Bank of the Philippines, begins its operations. | |
| January 28 | President Roxas issues an amnesty proclamation to collaborators | ||
| March | An amendment in the 1935 Constitution granting parity rights to the Americans is ratified in a plebiscite. | ||
| March | The Military Assistance Act is signed by U.S. Ambassador Paul McNutt and Pres. Roxas. | ||
| March 6 | HUKBALAHAP declared illegal | ||
| March 14 | TheTreaty of General Relations between Philippines and United States, the Military Bases Agreement, is signed; would be effective until 1991. | [95] [verification needed] | |
| September 8 | The Philippine representative to the Far Eastern Commission, Carlos P. Romulo, signs the Japanese Peace Treaty | ||
| October 12 | Corregidor Island inCavite is turned over to the Philippines. | [33] | |
| October 16 | Turtle Islands, now inTawi-Tawi, is placed under country's jurisdiction. | [33] | |
| November | First post-war elections held for local officials and senators. | ||
| 1948 | January | Pres. Roxas issues a general pardon for all those with collaboration cases and pending cases in the People's Court. | |
| March | Hukbong Mapagpalaya ng Bayan and Pambansang Kaisahan ng mga Magbubukid (PKM) are declared illegal organizations by Pres. Roxas. | ||
| April 15 | Death of Pres.Roxas; Vice Pres.Elpidio Quirino assumes theOffice of President. | [86] | |
| June | Pres. Quirino issues an amnesty proclamation given to the surrendered members of Hukbalahap and PKM. | ||
| July | Newly formed Quezon City is declared capital of the Philippines by Pres. Quirino. (Republic Act No. 333) | ||
| August | Huk leaders under Luis Taruc go underground to continue the resistance against the government following failed truce negotiations. | ||
| October 1 | Pres.Quirino releases the result of the country's first official postwar census, taken and compiled by the Bureau of the Census and Statistics, showing the population after its independence from the U.S. at 19.2 million. | [31] | |
| November | PKP renews armed struggle following failed truce negotiations with the government. | ||
| December | Quirino administration imposes import control, a law that would be effective on the first day of 1949. | ||
| 1949 | January | Establishment and inauguration of Central Bank of the Philippines. | |
| April 28 | Former First LadyAurora Aragon–Quezon (widow of Pres.Manuel Quezon), with her eldest daughter, and Quezon City Mayor Ponciano Bernardo, are among those killed in an ambush allegedly by theHukbalahap inBongabon, Nueva Ecija. | [102][103][104][105][106] | |
| November | Pres. Quirino reelected. | ||
| November | A month-long rebellion occurred in Batangas. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | February | UST pioneers the television broadcast, only for experimental purposes. | [44][130][133] |
| June | The Philippines joins theKorean War, sending over 7,000 troops under the United Nations command. | ||
| June 15 | OldMindoro is divided into the new provinces ofMindoro Occidental andMindoro Oriental. (Republic Act No. 505) | [87][23] | |
| October | Twenty-three high-ranking PKP and Huk Politburo members are captured in a series of raids led by Secy. Magsaysay in Manila. | ||
| October | Pres. Quirino suspends the privilege of writ of habeas corpus regarding detention of suspected communists. | ||
| 1951 | March 6 | Fort Santiago was declared a National Shrine. | |
| May | Suspected PKP members are penalized by the Court of First Instance, with six given death sentences and nine given life sentences. | ||
| July–September | Armed Forces of the Philippines launches offensives against Huks in Laguna and Pampanga. | ||
| August | National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) is established | ||
| August 30 | TheMutual Defense Treaty between Philippines and United States was signed. | ||
| October 8 | Nicasio "Asiong" Salonga, branded asTondo's public enemy No. 1 and the kingpin ofManila, was shot and killed by Ernesto Reyes, a henchman of his rival and also notorious gang leader Carlos "Totoy Golem" Capistrano. | [134] | |
| 1952 | April–May | Armed Forces launches Operation Four Roses in Nueva Ecija in the search for Huk strongholds in Sierra Madre mountains. | |
| June 6 | OldZamboanga is divided into the new provinces ofZamboanga del Norte andZamboanga del Sur. (Republic Act No. 711) | [87][23] | |
| 1953 | June | Magna Carta for Labor is signed into law. (Republic Act No. 875) | |
| October 23 | DZAQ-TV Channel 3, now Channel 2, ofABS, then owned by presidential brotherAntonio Quirino, airs its country's first official television broadcast fromManila. | [44][112][130][131][133] [135][136][137][138] | |
| November 10 | Ramon Magsaysay is electedPresident of theRepublic of the Philippines | [2] [verification needed] | |
| 1954 | Social Security Act is passed in Congress. | ||
| May | Huk Supremo Luis Taruc surrenders to Pres. Magsaysay, prompting an end of the eight-year Huk rebellion. | ||
| May 22 | Cityhood ofTrece Martires,Cavite (Republic Act No. 981) | [23] | |
| July 21 | The Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty is signed in Manila, creating the South East Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) | ||
| August | Agricultural Tenancy Act of 1954 passed. | ||
| September | Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) is established in Manila, with the Philippines as one of its eight members. | ||
| December 15 | Laurel-Langley Agreement: An agreement between the Philippines and the U.S., regarding provisions of the Philippine Trade Act of 1946, is signed by Sen. Jose P. Laurel and Secy.James M. Langley. | [127][128][129] | |
| 1955 | September | Laurel-Langley Agreement is ratified by the U.S. and Philippine governments, to be effective on the first day of 1956. | |
| 1956 | April 25 | Provincehood ofAklan (Republic Act No. 1414), separating fromCapiz. | [87][23] |
| May | Rizal Bill is passed into law amid opposition from Catholic Church. | ||
| 1957 | February 24 | ABS is acquired byEugenio Lopez Sr. ofCBN, of which they later merged intoABS–CBN with two television stations later being operated. | [44][130][133][137][138] |
| March 17 | Death of Pres.Magsaysay, one among the 25 killed in aplane crash inCebu; Vice-Pres.Carlos P. Garcia assumes the presidency. | [2][86][139] | |
| June | Anti-Subversion Act passed. (Republic Act No. 1700) | ||
| July | U.S. Congress ratifies a law (Republic Act No. 85-81) granting the Philippines possession of the documents regarding the revolution. | ||
| November 14 | Carlos P. Garcia elected President of the Republic of the Philippines | [2] [verification needed] | |
| 1958 | March 22 | Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan is elevated by theDepartment of Education to university rank, becoming theMindanao's first private and Catholic university. | [21] |
| August 28 | "Filipino First" policy is officially promulgated by the National Economic Council (Resolution No. 204). | ||
| 1959 | May 22 | OldLanao is divided into the new provinces ofLanao del Norte andLanao del Sur. (Republic Act No. 2228); inaugurated, July 4. | [30][87] |
| RA 2227 created the province ofSouthern Leyte, separating fromLeyte. | [87] | ||
| July 18 | 10thWorld Scout Jamboree is held atMt. Makiling inLos Baños, Laguna. | [84] | |
| September–October | An agreement between Foreign Affairs Secy. Felixberto Serrano and Amb. Charles Bohlen is signed, following series of conferences, in which duration of lease of the American military bases is reduced from 99 to 25 years. | ||
| October | U.S. authorities turns over Olongapo City to the Philippine government. |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | International Rice Research Institute is established in Los Baños, Laguna. | ||
| March | Archbishop Rufino Santos is the first Filipino to achieve the rank of Cardinal. | ||
| June 19 | Republic Act No. 2786 divided oldSurigao into the new provinces ofSurigao del Norte andSurigao del Sur. | [31][87] [verification needed] | |
| 1961 | January 18 | Baguio experiences cold at 6.3-degree Celsius, the country's lowest temperature ever recorded. | |
| November 7 | Diosdado Macapagal elected President of the Republic of the Philippines. | [2] [verification needed] | |
| 1962 | January | Philippine Constabulary Rangers conduct a siege of the Central Bank building to oust its governor, Dominador Aytona, due to "midnight appointments" of his own. | |
| January | Pres. Macapagal lifts exchange and import controls in his campaign for free enterprise. | ||
| May 12 | Commemoration ofIndependence Day is officially changed by Pres.Macapagal, from July 4 to June 12 (Proclamation No. 28); to be first celebrated on that day of that same year. | [23] | |
| June 22 | Pres.Macapagal's government, with the United Kingdom, files a communication regardingcountry's claim ofNorth Borneo (Sabah), now in Malaysia. | [30] | |
| September | Electrification Administration Act (Republic Act No. 2717) is implemented through an executive order issued by Pres. Macapagal. | ||
| 1963 | July 28 | Twenty-four members of the Philippine contingent for the11th World Scout Jamboree in Greece are among the 60 deaths in aplane crash into theIndian Ocean. | [86][140] |
| July | Pres. Macapagal, Sukarno (Indonesia), and Tungku Abdul Rahman (Federation of Malaya) sign theManila Accord, an agreement forMaphilindo. | ||
| August 8 | Agricultural Land Reform Code (Republic Act No. 3844) is signed into law by Pres. Macapagal. | ||
| 1964 | May | Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas secretary-general Jesus Lava is captured in Sampaloc, Manila. | |
| August | Congress ratifies an executive order issued by Pres. Macapagal that changes the date of celebration of the nation's Independence Day, by virtue of Republic Act No. 4166. | ||
| August 14 | Miss PhilippinesGemma Cruz was crownedMiss International1964, the first Filipino to win the title. | ||
| November | Kabataang Makabayan (KM) is formed by Jose Maria Sison, with himself elected as its chairman. | ||
| 1965 | June 19 | Republic Act No. 4221 divided oldSamar into the new provinces ofWestern Samar,Northern Samar, andEastern Samar. | [87] |
| September | Taal Volcano in Batangas erupts, killing around 2,000 and damaging villages. | ||
| November 9 | Ferdinand MarcoselectedPresident of theRepublic of the Philippines. | [2][141] [verification needed] | |
| 1966 | Asian Development Bank establishes its new headquarters in Manila. | ||
| February | Philippine-American Assembly is held in Davao. | ||
| June 18 | OldMountain Province is divided into the new provinces ofBenguet,Mountain Province,Kalinga-Apayao andIfugao. (Republic Act No. 4695) | [87][23] | |
| Republic Act No. 4669 created the province ofCamiguin, separating fromMisamis Oriental. | [87] | ||
| Republic Act No. 4849 created the province ofSouth Cotabato, separating fromEmpire Province of Cotabato. | [87][142] | ||
| July | Pres. Marcos signs the controversial Vietnam Aid Law. | ||
| July | The mayor of Candaba, Pampanga, also the president of the Anti-Huk Mayors League in the province, is killed in an ambush, an incident which was attributed to the Huks. | ||
| August | Congress approves the appropriation for the Philippine Civil Action Group (Philcag) to be sent to Vietnam. | ||
| September | The first batch of the battalion of the Philcag leaves the Philippines for South Vietnam. | ||
| September | An agreement is signed by U.S. secretary of stateDean Rusk and Foreign Affairs Secy. Narciso Ramos, reducing the lease of military bases from 99 to 25 years, thus to expire in 1991. | ||
| October | Marcos administration hosts the Manila Summit with 6 countries. | ||
| 1967 | January | Two buses carrying pilgrims collide and fall off a ravine south ofManila, killing more than 115 in what would be the country's worst road accident. | [143] |
| February | Movement for the Advancement of Nationalism (MAN) is formed by nationalists from various sectors. | ||
| May 8 | OldDavao is divided into the new provinces ofDavao del Norte,Davao del Sur, andDavao Oriental. (Republic Act No. 4867) | [87][23] | |
| May 21 | A demonstration conducted byLapiang Malaya, a peasant religious sect, ends in a violent dispersal attempt by thePhilippine Constabulary in Pasay, killing 33. | [97][144] | |
| June 17 | Republic Act No. 4979 divided oldAgusan into the new provinces ofAgusan del Norte andAgusan del Sur. | [87] | |
| August 8 | Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is formed in Bangkok, Thailand, with the Philippines as one of the five founding members. | ||
| 1968 | First provincial television stations are established inCebu,Bacolod, andDagupan, all operated byABS–CBN. | [44][135] | |
| March 18 | Jabidah massacre: A group of trainees of a Muslim special forces unit, part of a controversial operation, are allegedly killed inCorregidor. | [144] | |
| August 2 | 1968 Casiguran earthquake and the collapse ofRuby Tower | ||
| September | Pres. Marcos signs into law a bill defining country's territorial waters in compliance with the United Nations and claiming Sabah as part of the country's territory, amidst protest from the Malaysians. | ||
| September | Pres. Marcos pardons 166 prisoners, including former Huk leader Luis Taruc. | ||
| December 26 | Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP; then called CPP–Marxist–Leninist-Mao Tse-tung Thought or CPP–MLMTT) is reestablished byJose Maria Sison and his colleagues inPangasinan. | [35][116][141] | |
| 1969 | March 29 | New People's Army (NPA) is formally organized inTarlac byBernabe Buscayno (Kumander Dante) ofPKP as the military arm of theCPP, upon merger withJose Maria Sison's army. | [21][35][116][141] |
| May 11 | Tuguegarao City, Cagayan experienced heat at 42.2 degrees Celsius, the country's highest temperature ever recorded. | ||
| July 19 | Miss PhilippinesGloria Diaz was crownedMiss Universe 1969. | ||
| November 11 | Marcosre-electedPresident of theRepublic of the Philippines (second term). | [2][141] [verification needed] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | Typhoon Patsy (Yoling) is the most devastating typhoon to hit the country at that time. | [92] | |
| January 26–March | First Quarter Storm
| [97][141][144] | |
| April | Major rallies and riots held, protesting oil prices and fare costs. | ||
| June 27 | Pres.Marcos publicly endorses theBarrio Self-Defense Units, laterCivilian Home Defense Forces. | [144] | |
| November 17 | Elections for 315 members of a Constitutional Convention held. | ||
| November 27 | Pope Paul VI makes his firstpapal visit in the Philippines, but survived anassassination attempt byBenjamín Mendoza y Amor Flores atManila International Airport. | ||
| December 29 | Members of theNew People's Army, led by Lt. Victor Corpuz, raid the armory of thePhilippine Military Academy. | [145] | |
| 1971 | Moro National Liberation Front is established byNur Misuari. | ||
| February | Diliman commune | [97] | |
| June | Manili massacre | ||
| June 1 | The Constitutional Convention assembles to rewrite the 1935 Constitution. The Convention elects former Pres.Carlos Garcia as its head. | [141] [verification needed] | |
| June 14 | Death ofCarlos Garcia, former Philippine president; another former presidentDiosdado Macapagal succeeds as the president of the Constitutional Convention. | [92] | |
| August 21 | Plaza Miranda isbombed during theLiberal Party's election campaign, seriously injuring some opposition personalities. | [40][97][141][146] | |
| August 22 | Pres.Marcos suspends theWrit ofHabeas Corpus following thePlaza Miranda bombing. | [40] | |
| September | U.S. operations in Sangley Point Naval Base terminated. | ||
| September 10 | Provincehood ofQuirino (Republic Act No. 6394), former sub-province independent fromNueva Vizcaya. | [87][84] | |
| September 17 | Provincehood ofSiquijor (Republic Act No. 6398), former sub-province independent fromNegros Oriental. | [87][84] | |
| October 10 | Leonardo "Nardong Putik" Manecio, one of the most notorious gangsters and dubbed asCavite's public enemy No. 1 was killed inImus in a highway shootout withNBI agents. | [134] | |
| November | Philippine Senate election, 1971 | ||
| 1972 | Suspicious bombing incidents increase all over the country. The MNLF launches its campaign for the independence of the Muslim provinces. | ||
| Parliamentary form of government is approved by theConstitutional Convention. | [141] | ||
| January | Pres. Marcos restores the Writ ofHabeas Corpus | ||
| June | Daily Express is established; Martial Law era newspaper later sequestered byAquino government. | [44] | |
| August | Quasha decision: Supreme Court decides on American ownership rights. | ||
| September 13 | Sen.Ninoy Aquino exposesOplan Sagittarius, a top-secret plan to place the capital under military control. | [97][141][147] | |
| September 21 | Pres.Marcos signs theMartial Law edict (Proclamation No. 1081) to be imposed nationwide; at that time not publicly announced. | [97][130][144][146][147] [148] | |
| September 22 | Defense MinisterJuan Ponce Enrile survives a staged assassination attempt. | [97][141][147] | |
| Pres.Marcos announces that he had placed the entire country undermartial law, with the earlier "ambush" as a pretext. | [97][141][147] | ||
| Media establishments and wire agencies are ordered to be closed. | [44][97][130][148] | ||
| Sen.Aquino arrested. | [97][141][147] | ||
| September 23 | The implementation ofmartial law is officially announced. | [2][97][147] | |
| Public utilities as well as media outlets, except some including newspaperDaily Express and television and radio stations ofKanlaon Broadcasting System, are shut down and seized by thegovernment. | [44][97][130][147] | ||
| Media and opposition figures, including three other senators, are arrested. | [44][97][141][147][148] | ||
| September 26 | The whole country is proclaimed a land reform area and an Agrarian Reform Program is decreed. | ||
| The first major armed defiance of martial law takes place in Lanao del Sur | |||
| October | Land reform program issued (Presidential Decree 27) | ||
| October 22 | The battle between the MNLF and the government troops ends with the latter regaining control of the city. | ||
| November 29 | The Constitutional Convention passes the new Constitution of the Philippines. | ||
| December | First Lady Imelda Marcos survives an assassination attempt. | ||
| 1973 | Misuari leaves The Country for Libya to solicit armed support from Muslim countries for the war in Mindanao. | ||
| January 10–15 | Aplebiscite referendum is held among the citizens' assemblies to ratify thenew Constitution, which would become effective. | [97][141][145] | |
| January 15 | Chinese drug lord Lim Seng is executed by firing squad in public inFort Bonifacio for drug trafficking. | [145] | |
| January 17 | Pres.Marcos declares the approval of the1973 Constitution, ordersCongress padlocked. | [2][97][145] | |
| March 1 | Philippine News Agency established | [20] | |
| March 31 | Supreme Court upholds the validity of the1973 Constitution. | [97][141] | |
| April | The National Democratic Front (NDF), the united front organization of the Communist Party of the Philippines, is formally organized. | ||
| May | Masagana 99 program launched | ||
| July 2 | San Juanico Bridge, connectingSamar andLeyte islands, is inaugurated. | [84] | |
| July 21 | Miss PhilippinesMargarita Moran was crownedMiss Universe 1973. | ||
| July 27 | Marcos' term as president extended by virtue of areferendum, which was later proven as a hoax | ||
| September 27 | Provincehood ofTawi-Tawi (Presidential Decree No. 302), separating fromSulu. | [31][87] | |
| November 22 | OldCotabato is divided into the new provinces ofNorth Cotabato (later renamed Cotabato, 1984),Maguindanao, andSultan Kudarat. (PD 341) | [32][33][87] | |
| December 27 | Provincehood ofBasilan (PD 356) | [33][87] | |
| 1974 | February | Jolo is occupied and burned by Muslim forces. | |
| February 27 | Presidential appointments to local elective positions declared legal by virtue of another referendum | ||
| March 11 | Japanese Lt.Hiroo Onoda formally surrenders in a ceremony held inMalacañang Palace after staying for years in theLubang Island. | [145] | |
| June | First Filipino All-Muslim Congress held in Marawi City. | ||
| July | Parity rights amendment as stated in 1955 Laurel–Langley Trade Act expired. | ||
| July 21 | Miss Universe 1974,its 23rd pageant, was held inManila. | [130] [verification needed] | |
| September | Jose Diokno is ordered by Pres. Marcos to be released. | ||
| September | Barangay status is reorganized and Sep 21 is declared Barangay Day (Presidential Decree 557). | ||
| September 17 | Supreme Court upholds the declaration ofmartial law and dismisses petitions regardinghabeas corpus. | [97] | |
| October | Secretary-general of the old communist party Felicisimo Macapagal signs a memorandum of cooperation with the President's efforts. | ||
| December 24 | A classified wire revealing the so-calledRolex 12 is submitted by the American Embassy inManila to theSecretary of State inWashington, D.C. | [144] | |
| 1975 | February | Primitivo Mijares defects from the government. | |
| February | Third referendum, asking for continuation of exercising the presidential powers, held. | ||
| April 4 | Ninoy Aquino starts his hunger strike for his refusal to recognize military court's jurisdiction on charges against him. | [98][145] | |
| April 9 | Philippine Basketball Association founded | [145] | |
| June | Diplomatic relations with People's Republic of China formalized. | ||
| June | Primitivo Mijares testifies in the U.S. Congress on the alleged corruption and abuses of the government. | ||
| October 2 | Thrilla in Manila | [130][145] [verification needed] | |
| November 1 | Pres.Marcos issuesPresidential Decree No. 824, establishingMetro Manila and creating the Metropolitan Manila Commission (MMC). | [30] [verification needed] | |
| 1976 | January 4 | New people's Army SpokesmanSatur Ocampo arrested | |
| August 17 | Anearthquake of 7.8 magnitude and a following tsunami (flood wave) hitMindanao, killing an estimated 8,000 people on and off the coast. | [40] | |
| August 26 | Kumander Dante of the New People's Army arrested | [141] [verification needed] | |
| October 16 | Martial Law allowed to extend by virtue of aplebiscite | [97] | |
| December 23 | Tripoli Agreement is signed between thePhilippine Government and the secessionist groupMoro National Liberation Front (MNLF) inTripoli, Libya. | [35][95] | |
| 1977 | January 20 | The Armed Forces of the Philippines enters into a ceasefire agreement with the MNLF. | |
| March 4 | President Marcos issues a decree creating the autonomous Bangsamoro Islamic Government | ||
| August | Pres. Marcos announces amnesty for persons found guilty of subversion. | ||
| August 22 | Imposition of curfew hours lifted | [97] | |
| September 2 | Archimedes Trajano found dead, murdered | [144][145] | |
| October | Eugenio Lopez Jr. andSergio Osmeña III escaped from detention inFort Bonifacio and flee to the United States. | ||
| November 10 | CPP headJose Maria Sison arrested | [97][141] [verification needed] | |
| November 25 | The military court findsNinoy Aquino,Bernabe Buscayno and Victor Corpuz guilty of their charges and sentences them to death by firing squad; but sentence never imposed. | [98][141][145] | |
| December 16 | A referendum is held, the result of which again empowers the president to continue in office, and to become prime minister as well. | ||
| 1978 | April 7 | Members of theInterim Batasang Pambansa areelected. | [2][97][141] |
| June | Inauguration of Interim Batasang Pambansa with Pres. Marcos as its prime minister. | ||
| September 21 | Tadhana (1978), the first feature-length animated film in the Philippines premiered one time at the local television onGMA 7,RPN 9, andIBC 13 to commemoratethe anniversary of Martial Law in 1978. | [149] | |
| October 5 | Jesus is Lord Church led byEddie Villanueva, a former activist and professor was established. | ||
| 1979 | January | U.S. military bases agreement amended. | |
| April 10 | PresidentFerdinand Marcos issues Presidential Decree No. 1616 creating theIntramuros Administration | [150] | |
| May | Regional assembly elections held in Mindanao. | ||
| May–June | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development is held in the Philippine International Convention Center. | ||
| July 30 | Eat Bulaga!, the longest running noon-time variety show in the Philippines, premiered onRPN. It was also aired onABS-CBN from 1989 to 1995 and onGMA Network since 1995. | ||
| August 13 | Aurora province was established byBatas Pambansa Blg. 7. | ||
| October 31 | Project Gintong Alay, a national sports program was commenced. | ||
| November | Construction of a nuclear-power plant in Bataan is ordered to be stopped. | ||
| December | Ninoy Aquino is released from detention for the first time after given a furlough. | [141] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 | The Philippines' firstlocal elections under the martial law era is held amid wide boycotts. | [2][141] | |
| April 22 | MVDon Juan and oil tanker MTTacloban City collide inTablas Strait offMindoro, killing 176. | [95][151] | |
| May | Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU) organized | ||
| May | Pres.Marcos allowsNinoy Aquino to flee to the U.S. for his medical treatment. | [141] | |
| 1981 | January 17 | Martial law lifted (Proclamation 2045) | [2][97][141][146] |
| February 17–21 | Pope John Paul II visited the Philippines for his first papal visit. | [2][97][130] [verification needed] | |
| April 7 | Executive Committee is created by a constitutional amendmentas ratified in a plebiscite. | [97] | |
| June 16 | 1981 Philippine general election and referendum (Ferdinand Marcos re-elected to a third term). | [2][97][141][146] [verification needed] | |
| June 30 | Inauguration of Pres. Marcos; Finance MinisterCesar Virata is elected Prime Minister by the Batasang Pambansa | ||
| November 17 | Accident during the construction of theManila Film Center, 169 were killed. | ||
| 1982 | Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) formed | [141] | |
| January | International Film Festival is held in the Manila Film Center. | ||
| April | United Nationalist Democratic Opposition formed. | ||
| May | Barangay elections held for the first time. | ||
| December | NewspapersWe Forum andMalaya are shut down by the President for engaging in "black propaganda." | ||
| 1983 | August 21 | Sen.Benigno Aquino Jr. isassassinated at thenManila International Airport. | [2][20][40][44][97] [130][141][144][146][148] [152][153] |
| August 31 | Approximately seven million people attends funeral procession ofNinoy Aquino which turned into a rally, the longest and largest in history. | [97][141] | |
| November 21 | Martyrdom ofGood Shepherd Sisters | [144] | |
| 1984 | January 27 | Executive Committee is abolished and theOffice of the Vice President is restored through a constitutional amendmentas ratified in a plebiscite. | [97] |
| February | "Tarlac to Tarmac" march is staged by opposition and coalition groups. | ||
| May 14 | 1984 Philippine parliamentary election | [2][141][152] | |
| July | National Assembly covenes; Prime Minister Virata reconfirmed; Nicanor Yniguez elected Speaker. | ||
| August 19 | El Shaddai DWXI Prayer Partners Foundation International, Inc. led byBro. Mike Z. Velarde, a geological engineer and movie producer was established. | ||
| September 1 | Typhoon Nitang struck the Philippines. It killed 1,492 people and 1,856 more were injured. Roughly 1.6 million people were affected in the country. | ||
| November 14 | MayorCesar Climaco assassinated | [144] | |
| December 1 | Manila LRT Line 1 opened as the Southeast Asia's first rail line. | ||
| 1985 | |||
| July | Pres.Marcos transfers the control of theIntegrated National Police fromDefense Ministry to the presidential control. | [141] | |
| August | Opposition Parliament members file impeachment charges against Pres.Marcos. | [141][152] | |
| September 20 | Amassacre inEscalante, Negros Occidental kills at least 20 people. | [144][154] | |
| October 18 | Typhoon Dot (Saling) landfalls on the country, leaves at least 101 people dead. | [154] | |
| October 21 | Marchers joining the five-dayLakbayan rally are shot by the police atTaft Avenue before reachingLiwasang Bonifacio, leaving a number of deaths. | [144] | |
| October 28 | Congressional and U.S. intelligence sources report that Pres.Marcos was diagnosed with a fatal illness. | [97] | |
| November 3 | Pres.Marcos announces in a television interview that he would set asnap elections. | [2][97][146][152][155] | |
| December 2 | AFP Chief of Staff Gen.Fabian Ver and 26 others accused of conspiracy in the assassination ofNinoy Aquino are acquitted bySandiganbayan. | [2][97][141][152][155] | |
| 1986 | February 7 | 1986 Philippine presidential election | [2][97][141][146][148] [152][153][155] |
| February 9 | Thirty-fiveCOMELEC computer workers led by Linda Kapunan walk out atPICC, protesting alleged cheating ofelection results. | [97][141][144][152][155] | |
| February 11 | OppositionAntique former Gov.Evelio Javier is assassinated during the canvassing ofelection results. | [141][152] | |
| February 15 | Batasang Pambansa declaresMarcos andArturo Tolentino as re-elected President and elected vice-president, respectively. Twenty-six Assembly members walk out before the proclamation. | [97][141][146][155] | |
| February 16 | Marcos' opponentCorazon Aquino, widow ofBenigno Aquino Jr., is proclaimed President inTagumpay ng Bayan rally inRizal Park and calls for a civil disobedience campaign as a protest. | [97][141][155] | |
| February 22–25 | EDSA I Revolution ousts Pres.Marcos;Corazon Cojuangco–Aquino becomes President.
| [2][86][92][95][97] [130][141][144][146][148] [152][153][155][156][157] | |
| February 26 | FromClark Air Base, Marcoses finally leave the country aboard U.S. planes toGuam and toHawaii. | [92][141] | |
| February 28 | Presidential Commission on Good Government is formed by Pres.Aquino. | [verification needed] | |
| March 5 | CPP founderJose Maria Sison andNPA founderDante Buscayno are freed by Pres.Cojuangco–Aquino. | [21] | |
| March 25 | Pres.Aquino declares a revolutionary government, abolishesInterim Batasang Pambansa and the1973 Constitution and adopts Freedom Constitution (Proclamation No. 3). | [155] | |
| July 6 | Former Vice Pres.Arturo Tolentino, with groups of armed military officers andMarcos loyalists, occupies theManila Hotel and declares himself as "acting" President; they are forced to surrender after the failure of thecoup that lasted until the 8th. | [95][158] | |
| July 22 | DZMM ofABS–CBN is established as the first post-revolution AM radio station. | [159] | |
| DWKO established as the first post-revolution FM radio station. | |||
| September 13 | The Mt. Data Peace Accord is signed inMt. Data inBauko, Mountain Province, between thePhilippine Government and the separatist Cordillera Bodong Administration–Cordillera People's Liberation Army, involving cessation of hostilities that led to a creation ofan administrative region. | [31] [verification needed] | |
| November 22 | Acoup attempt called "God Save the Queen" is reportedly discovered by the government. | [155][158] | |
| 1987 | January 22 | Mendiola massacre: Thirteen from the farmers are killed in clashes with the forces of policemen and soldiers atMendiola Bridge inManila during their protest rally. | [95][155] |
| January 27–29 | Pro-Marcos rebel soldiers, led by Col. Oscar Canlas,seizeGMA Network compound, for almost 3 days, and military bases inSangley Point,Cavite and inPasay wherein an assault with government military forces results in the death of a mutineer and 16 injuries. | [95][155][158] | |
| February 2 | The1987 constitution, drafted by theConstitutional Commission, is ratified in aplebiscite. | [155][160] | |
| February 11 | A new constitution is declared ratified, replacing the "freedom constitution." | [2] | |
| April 18 | Araid is staged by 56 rebel soldiers onFort Bonifacio; a rebel soldier dies. | [92][155][158] | |
| May 11 | 1987 Philippine legislative election; the first free elections held in almost two decades and underthe new constitution. | [2][155] | |
| July | Aplot to take overMIA is discovered; four military officers are arrested. | [155][158] | |
| July 15 | TheCordillera Administrative Region (CAR) is created throughExecutive Order No. 220 signed by Pres.Cojuangco–Aquino, consisting of, fromRegion 1, the provinces ofAbra,Benguet andMountain Province, andBaguio, and fromRegion 2, the provinces ofKalinga-Apayao andIfugao. | [89][31] | |
| August 28–29 | Acoup attempt, said to be the bloodiest of the attempts against Pres.Aquino, is launched by rebel soldiers ofRAM, led by Col.Gregorio Honasan, with assaults onMalacañang Palace,Camp Aguinaldo,Villamor Air Base, various television stations, and military camps inPampanga andCebu resulting in 53 fatalities and over 200 injuries; prevented on the 29th as Honasan evades arrest. | [2][40][92][95][146] [155][158] | |
| October 18 | Canonization ofSan Lorenzo Ruiz, the first Filipino saint | [92] | |
| November 25 | Super Typhoon Sisang slammed intoLuzon, killing 1,063 people. | ||
| December 20 | Interisland passenger ferryMVDoña Paz, said to be overloaded, and oil tankerMTVector collide and sink atTablas Strait betweenMarinduque andOriental Mindoro provinces andTablas Island; death toll later estimated to be 4,386; the deadliest maritime disaster in peacetime world history. | [2][86][92][95][151] [161][162][163][164] | |
| 1988 | January 18 | Local elections are held under the newconstitution. | [2] |
| April 2 | Military reports that Col.Honasan, who led the August 1987 coup attempt, escapes from his prison ship inManila Bay. | [92] | |
| June 10 | Pres.Cojuangco–Aquino signs theComprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) into law (Republic Act No. 6657), providing land reform for farmers; to be effective within 10 years; later extended. | [95][23] | |
| October | Former Pres.Marcos andhis wife are charged in the United States regarding illegal money transfer. | [2] | |
| October 17 | Interior Bases Agreement was signed by the Philippines and United States. | ||
| October 23–24 | Typhoon Unsang struck intoLuzon. | ||
| October 24 | Interisland ferryMVDoña Marilyn sinks offLeyte during atyphoon, killing 389. | [95][151][161][162] | |
| 1989 | January 5 | Camp Cawa-Cawa inZamboanga City isseized by some soldiers following the hostage crisis wherein seven people were taken hostage by Rizal Alih and killed in an air strike. | [92][95] |
| April 21 | U.S. Army Col.James Rowe is assassinated by the Communists; incident prompts the issue of removal of the U.S. military bases from the country. | [2] | |
| August 1 | Pres.Cojuangco–Aquino signsRepublic Act No. 6734 (the Organic Act), a law creating theAutonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, giving limited autonomy to the Muslim provinces. | [2][84] | |
| August 13–15 | Davao hostage crisis: Felipe Pugoy and Mohammad Nasser Samparini, perpetrators of an earlier hostage-taking incident inDavao Penal Colony on April, lead the prisoners who take five people hostage in Davao Metrodiscom; ending in gunfights with the authorities resulting in the death of the hostages as well as some hostage takers. | [95] | |
| September 28 | Death ofFerdinand Marcos, former Philippine President | [2][92][97] | |
| October 1–13 | TyphoonsAngela (Rubing),Dan (Saling), andElsie (Tasing) impact the country in two weeks.
| [92] | |
| November 19 | A plebiscite is held inARMM, resulting in the ratification ofRA 6734 that established the region, with the inclusion of the provinces ofLanao del Sur (exceptMarawi City),Maguindanao,Sulu andTawi-Tawi. | [33][84] | |
| December 1–9 | Acoup attempt islaunched byRAM under Col.Honasan andMarcos loyalists under retired Gen. Jose Ma. Zumel, withMalacañang bombarded on the 1st and several military bases seized; rebels surrender on the 9th; the most seriousattempt against Pres.Aquino with 99 casualties. | [2][92][146][155][158] |
.jpg)
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao is officially created. | [2] | |
| March 4 | Hotel Delfino inTuguegarao, Cagayan isseized by suspended Gov. Rodolfo Aguinaldo and his armed men of 200, followed by a gunfight intending to kill them, with a checkpoint shootout, where 14 found dead and 10 injured. | [92] | |
| June | U.S. Peace Corps removed 261 volunteers from the country amid Communist threats. | [2] | |
| July 16 | Luzon earthquake: An earthquake with a surface wave magnitude of 7.8, whose epicenter was recorded inNueva Ecija, hitsNorthern and Central Luzon, affectingCabanatuan,Dagupan, andBaguio cities, and parts ofNueva Ecija andPangasinan provinces, causing a death toll of an estimated 1,621 and estimated damages worth ₱15 billion; produces a 125-km long ground rupture stretching from the municipalities ofDingalan toCuyapo; strongest and costliest in the island since 1970. | [2][92][95][146][165] | |
| September | Sixteen military members are convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment regarding the1983 assassination of Sen.Aquino. | [2] | |
| October 4–6 | Araid is staged by mutinying soldiers on an army base inMindanao on the dawn of 4th; Brig. Gen.Danilo Lim and 21 others capitulate to the government on the 6th. | [92] | |
| Col. Alexander Noblestages a coup inMindanao and seizes two military garrisons inCagayan de Oro andButuan cities. | [158] [verification needed] | ||
| November 12 | Typhoon Mike (Ruping) hitsVisayas, affectingCebu City,Bacolod, and other key cities. | [2][146] [verification needed] | |
| 1991 | January 29 | Merger of thePhilippine Constabulary with theIntegrated National Police to form thePhilippine National Police. | |
| June 12–15 | Pinatubo eruption: Series of major eruptions from the dormantMount Pinatubo, the most explosive occurred on the 15th, and worsened byTyphoon Yunya (Diding) causing massive lahar flows, affecting densely populated areas ofZambales,Tarlac andPampanga; killing 847 people; total damages at least ₱12 billion; the second largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century. | [2][92][95][146][165] | |
| September 16 | Senate votes, 12–11, to reject a Treaty of Friendship, Peace and Cooperation between the U.S. and Philippines, an agreement for renewal of American military bases in the Philippines in exchange for aid, forcing them to leave the country. | [31][32][95][146][155] | |
| October 10 | TheLocal Government Code is signed into law. | [33] | |
| November | Former First LadyImelda Marcos returns to the country to face charges against her. | [2] | |
| U.S. closes and surrendersClark Air Base. | [95][155] | ||
| November 4–5 | Tropical Storm Uring lashes intoEastern Visayas, leaving 8,000 people dead as a result of widespread flooding in the coastal city ofOrmoc,Leyte. | ||
| Terrorist groupAbu Sayyaf is founded byAbdurajak Janjalani, separated from theMoro National Liberation Front (MNLF) in which he was a former member. | [2][95] | ||
| 1992 | January | Former First LadyMarcos is arrested and later released on charges regarding her accounts in Switzerland. | [2] |
| March 16 | Provincehood ofSarangani (Republic ActNo. 7228), separating fromSouth Cotabato. | [89] | |
| May 11 | 1992 Philippine general election, the first under the1987 Constitution (Fidel V. Ramos andJoseph E. Estrada are elected president and vice president, respectively.) | [2][92][146] | |
| Biliran province was established throughRA 7160. | |||
| May 22 | Guimaras province was established throughRA 7160. | ||
| September 30 | U.S. forces leaveSubic Bay Naval Base upon its turn over to the Philippines. | [2][146] | |
| November 24 | Subic Bay Naval Base closes as it is turned over to the local government, with a last batch of American soldiers finally leavingNaval Air Station Cubi Point and returning to the U.S., ending its military presence in the country. | [32][95][146][166] | |
| Pres.Ramos signs the Anti-Subversion Act of 1992. | [2] | ||
| 1993 | July 2 | A floating pagoda sinks in the annual Bocaue River Festival inBocaue, Bulacan, 279 devotees drown. | [92][161] |
| September | Marcos funeral: Remains of former Pres.Marcos return in the country upon permission from thegovernment; are interred later in his hometown ofBatac. | [2][95] | |
| September 24 | Former First LadyImelda Marcos is found bySandiganbayan guilty ofcorruption and sentenced to 18–24 years in prison. | [2][92][167] | |
| December | Numerous bomb attacks inDavao City, targeting a church and two mosques, kill at least two and injure 150. | [95] | |
| Pres.Ramos signsRepublic Act 7659 reinstatingcapital punishment for selected crimes, which is banned in the1987 Constitution. | [2][95] | ||
| 1994 | January | Thegovernment and theMoro National Liberation Front sign a ceasefire agreement, aiming to end guerrilla war. | [2] |
| March 29 | The Philippines first makes its connection to theInternet, with Philippine Network Foundation connects to the United States'Sprint via a 64 kbit/s link. | [44][92] | |
| June | A5-day conference onEast Timor held inManila ends with an agreement to form a coalition for thenIndonesian territory. | [2] | |
| July | Abu Sayyaf group massacres 15 Christian civilians in Basilan and holds 19 others hostage; most of the captives are freed later following a rescue mission, whileLamitan parish priest Fr. Cirilo Nacorda is freed on August after being turned over by the group to theMoro National Liberation Front (MNLF). | [95] | |
| October | Series of terror attacks of theMILF in parts ofCotabato result in the death of 50 people from both the rebel and government sides and displace thousands from four municipalities. | [95] | |
| November 15 | Mindoro earthquake | ||
| December 2 | Singaporean freighterKota Suria and ferryMVCebu City collides inManila Bay, killing about 140. | [151][161][162] | |
| December 11 | Abomb explodes on board aPhilippine Airlinesplane during a test run as part of theBojinka plot, a planned attack for the assassination ofPope John Paul II during his 1995 visit, killing a passenger. | [92][168][169][170] | |
| Abu Sayyaf launches a series of bombings inZamboanga City, killing 71. | [95] | ||
| 1995 | January | Bojinka plot is discovered following a chemical fire in an apartment inManila. | [2][92][170][171] |
| January 10–15 | Pope John Paul II visits the Philippines and presides over the country's firstWorld Youth Day inManila. | [2][92] [clarification needed] | |
| February | Philippine Navy sights ships and structures being built, all by the Chinese, inMischief Reef (Panganiban Reef) in theSouth China Sea offPalawan; causingManila to file legal diplomatic actions againstBeijing over continuous occupation of theKalayaan Island Group, and further resistance between the Philippines and China. | [2][95] | |
| February 14 | OldKalinga-Apayao is divided into separate provinces ofKalinga andApayao. (Republic Act No. 7878) | [23][89] | |
| April 3 | Abu Sayyaf rebelsraidIpil town, wherein they burn the town center and kill 53 people. | [2][95] [verification needed] [clarification needed] | |
| April 30 | President Ramos inaugurated the opening of Subic International Airport (formerly a United States military base). This indicates growth after the removal of military bases in the country. | ||
| May 17 | Kuratong Baleleng case | ||
| October 31 | Super Typhoon Rosing | ||
| November 27 | The construction of the Skyway project was initiated, the biggest infrastructure project in the country that was intended to ease the flow of traffic inMetro Manila. | ||
| 1996 | March 18 | Fire razes Ozone Disco Bar inQuezon City, killing more than 158, including students. | [165][172] |
| March 24 | Marcopper mining disaster inMarinduque occurs; one of the largest mining disasters in history. | [92][172] | |
| September 2 | TheFinal Peace Agreement between thePhilippine Government and theMoro National Liberation Front (MNLF), led byNur Misuari, is signed at theMalacañan Palace; implementing the1976 Tripoli Agreement. | [2][95][172] | |
| November 24–25 | 8thAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Summit was held in Subic. | [172] [verification needed] | |
| 1997 | July | Asian financial crisis hits the country; causes decreasing economic growth in the Philippines. | [2][92][95] |
| October 29 | Pres.Ramos signsIndigenous Peoples' Rights Act (Republic Act No. 8371), with the creation ofNational Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP). | [33][35] | |
| 1998 | January 30 | Provincehood ofCompostela Valley (Republic Act No. 8470), separating fromDavao del Norte. | [89] |
| February 2 | ACebu Pacificplane hitsMt. Sumagaya inClaveria, Misamis Oriental, killing 104 on board. | [139][140][173] | |
| May 11 | 1998 Philippine general election (Joseph Estrada is elected) | [174][175][176] | |
| June 12 | Celebrations for Centennial of Philippine Independence begins, with 2-day activities held. | [92][95] | |
| June–September | Dry spell felt in 16 regions amid country's four-year growth, with ₱9 billion worth of agricultural damages. | [92] | |
| September 18 | Passenger ferryPrincess of the Orient sinks offFortune Island during a typhoon, killing 150. | [151][161][162] | |
| Abu Sayyaf founderAbdurajak Janjalani dies in a police encounter. | [95] | ||
| 1999 | February 5 | Rape convictLeo Echegaray is executed bylethal injection at theNew Bilibid Prison inMuntinlupa; the first Filipino to be meted the death penalty since its reinstatement in 1993; yet the country's first public execution since 1976, and also of that method. | [2][86][92][93][95] |
| May | NewVisiting Forces Agreement (VFA) with the United States isratified by theSenate, returning American military presence in the country. | [2][95] | |
| August 3 | About 60 people died and 378 houses buried when amassive landslide, caused byTyphoon Olga (Ising), occurs in Cherry Hills subdivision inAntipolo, Rizal. | [92] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | March 15 | Pres.Estrada'sgovernment declares an "all-out-war" against theMoro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). | [95] [verification needed] |
| April 19 | AnAir Philippinesplane crashes in the hills ofIsland Garden City of Samal, Davao del Norte, killing all 131 on board; the worst aviation disaster in country's history. | [86][95][139][140][173] | |
| April 12 | Cargo vesselAnnahada sinks offJolo Island, killing 159. | [151][161][162] | |
| April 23 | Twenty-one foreigners are abducted byAbu Sayyaf extremists fromSipadan Island,Malaysia and are later brought toJolo Island; hostage crisis lasts five months. | [95][174] | |
| May | Acomputer virus is released by a student, damaging around 45 million computers worldwide. | [95] | |
| May 25 | APhilippine Airlinesplane is hijacked by an armed man, who later died in a failed jump attempt. | [177] | |
| July 9 | Fall of Camp Abubakar:Camp Abubakar inMaguindanao iscaptured by theArmed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) from theMoro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF),as part of a campaign against Moro insurgency in Mindanao. | [95][174] | |
| July 10 | More than 200 people are killed in atrash slide inPayatas,Quezon City. | [95] [verification needed] | |
| November 13 | Pres.Estrada is the first incumbent president to be impeached byHouse of Representatives on accusations regardingjueteng money; | [2][92][95][174][175] [178] | |
| December 7 | TheSenate formally initiates the impeachment trial against Pres.Estrada presided byChief JusticeHilario Davide Jr. | [178][179][180] | |
| December 30 | Rizal Day bombings: Series of terrorist bombings occur inMetro Manila, with 22 fatalities and more than 120 injuries. | [92][95][179] | |
| 2001 | January 16–20 | EDSA II Revolution ousts Pres.Estrada; Vice-Pres.Gloria Macapagal Arroyo becomes the14thpresident of the Philippines.
| [2][30][92][95][97] [165][175][176][178][179] [180][181] |
| March | Moro Islamic Liberation Front declares ceasefire with thegovernment. | [2] | |
| April 25 | Former Pres.Estrada, charged with plunder while in office, and his sonJinggoy are arrested following an arrest warrant issued bySandiganbayan with their co-accused. | [2][97][178][181] | |
| April 30 – May 1 | EDSA III: Supporters of former Pres.Estrada stage protest following his arrest, ending in a violent dispersal and riots on the 1st, killing four. | [95][97][178][181] | |
| May 27 | Dos Palmas Resort kidnappings:Twenty hotel staff and guests, mostly tourists, are seized by the Islamist terrorist groupAbu Sayyaf members from the Dos Palmas Resort inHonda Bay,Palawan; hostage crisis lasts for more than 12 months. | [2][92][95][165] | |
| Lamitan Siege:Abu Sayyaf takes a church and a hospital inLamitan, Basilan hostage, with captives brought fromPalawan, wherein four of them are reportedly escaped, and 20 more people; terrorists escape military operation. | [95] | ||
| November | A rebellion inSulu andZamboanga City, staged by severalMNLF commanders loyal toNur Misuari, is suppressed byAFP. | [95] | |
| Another plebiscite is held inARMM (by virtue ofRA 9054) for its expansion, resulting in inclusion ofBasilan province andMarawi City. | [84] | ||
| 2002 | February 26 | Former Pres.Estrada admits signing ₱500 millionJose Velarde bank account inEquitable-PCI Bank. | [92] |
| March 5 | Mindanao earthquake | ||
| June 7 | A rescue operation for the remainingAbu Sayyaf captives, held since 2001, is launched by the Special Forces of theArmed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) in an area inZamboanga del Norte, with a gun battle resulting in the deaths of Martin Burnham and Ediborah Yap; only Gracia Burnham survived. | [2][95] | |
| June 21 | Death ofAbu Sabaya, leader ofAbu Sayyaf. | ||
| August | Abu Sayyaf kidnaps six Filipino members of aChristian group, two of them later beheaded. | [2] | |
| October | Series of bombings, allegedly by theAbu Sayyaf, take place inManila andZamboanga cities. | [2] | |
| 2003 | February 11 | Government soldiers' attempt to disband a terrorist kidnap group "Pentagon Gang" results in a 3-day encounter that killed about 135MILF fighters in their base nearPikit town. | [2] |
| July 27 | Oakwood mutiny:Magdalo Group, led by Army Capt. Gerardo Gambala and LtSG.Antonio Trillanes IV, takes a mutiny at Oakwood Premier apartments inMakati. | [95][182] | |
| 2004 | February 27 | SuperFerry 14 is bombed by thenJemaah Islamiyah-linkedAbu Sayyaf, then sinks nearManila Bay, killing 116; deadliest terrorist attack in Philippine history. | [95][151][161][162] |
| May 10 | 2004 Philippine general election (incumbent Pres.Gloria Macapagal Arroyo elected to a six-year term) | [2][92][95][182] | |
| November 16 | Hacienda Luisita massacre takes place, 14 people die in clashes with police. | [95] [verification needed] | |
| November 20 – December 2 | CyclonesMuifa (Unding), Merbok (Violeta),Winnie andNanmadol (Yoyong) hit the country, affecting million people, causing massive fatalities and damages.
| [183][182] | |
| 2005 | February 14 | Valentine's Day bombings: Threeexplosions occur in the cities ofMakati,Davao, andGeneral Santos, resulting to, in total, 8 deaths and at least 90 injuries;Abu Sayyaf claims responsibility for the attacks. | [92][182] |
| June 6 | Hello Garci scandal (Legitimacy of declared election winners questioned): Audio recordings, containing a conversation believed to be between Pres.Macapagal Arroyo andElection CommissionerVirgilio Garcillano, are released by media to the public, revealing the allegations of cheating in2004 national elections. | [92][95][182] | |
| September 6 | Congress rejects impeachment complaints against Pres.Macapagal Arroyo in what would be the longest Lower House session in country's history. | [95] | |
| November | Reformed Value Added Tax Act (also called Expanded VAT) is implemented, after being delayed for months,as a solution to the government's fiscal crisis. | [182] | |
| 2006 | February 17 | Alandslide from an entire mountainside occurs in Guinsaugon village inSouthern Leyte, following continuous heavy rains and an earthquake, causing damages and 1,126 deaths. | [92][183][182] |
| February 24 | Pres.Macapagal Arroyo places the entire country understate of emergency (Proclamation 1017) in response to coup rumours. | [148][182] | |
| May 18 | MountaineerLeo Oracion reached the summit ofMount Everest via the Nepalese side. | ||
| June 24 | Pres.Macapagal Arroyo signsRepublic Act 9346 abolishingcapital punishmentin the country. | [95] [verification needed] | |
| August 11 | Vessel M/TSolar I sinks off the coast ofGuimaras, resulting to anoil spill, causing widespread environmental damage. | [151][182] | |
| September 28 | Typhoon Xangsane (Milenyo) struckLuzon, killing at least 200 and causing agricultural damages. | [182] [verification needed] | |
| October 2 | Provincehood ofDinagat Islands (Republic Act No. 9355), separating fromSurigao del Norte. | [32][30] | |
| November 25–30 | Typhoon Durian (Reming) kills at least 720 people, with damages at US$130 million; triggers a massive landslide from theMayon volcano inLegazpi City on the 30th, causing additional 800–1,000 casualties. | [92][31][182][183] | |
| December 4 | MakatiRegional Trial Court convicts American serviceman LCpl. Daniel Smith and acquits three co-accused for their involvement in the 2005Subic rape case. | [95][182] | |
| Death ofKhadaffy Janjalani,Abu Sayyaf leader. | [95] | ||
| 2007 | March | Rep.Satur Ocampo is arrested and charged with murder allegedly committed on a purge of suspected spies in theCPP–NPA occurred then, later released. | [182] |
| March | ThePermanent Peoples' Tribunal inThe Hague finds theArroyo administration responsible for unsolved killings and disappearances in the country. | [182] | |
| April 20 | A contract is signed by thePhilippine andChinese governments for a proposedNational Broadband Network, which was later found to be corrupted. | [165][182] | |
| July 11 | FourteenMarine soldiers are found beheaded following anencounter between government forces and Islamic rebelsMoro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) and, allegedly,Abu Sayyaf, inTipo-Tipo, Basilan. | [92][95][182] | |
| August 28 | ExiledCommunist Party of the Philippines founding chairmanJose Maria Sison is arrested atUtrecht, Netherlands. | [92][182] | |
| September 12 | Sandiganbayan and theOffice of the Ombudsmanconvicts former Pres.Estrada forplunder and sentences him toreclusion perpetua, but acquits him and his co-accused on other charges. | [92][95][175][176][181] [182] | |
| October 19 | Anexplosion at Glorietta mall inMakati kills 11 and injures at least 100. | [92][182] | |
| October 26 | Former Pres.Joseph Estrada is pardoned and freed from jail after histrial. | [92][175][182] | |
| November 29 | TheArmed Forces lays siege toThe Peninsula Manila following amutiny staged by soldiers. | [92][182] | |
| December 6 | FourteenAbu Sayyaf members are convicted by thePasigRegional Trial Court regarding the2001 kidnapping incident inPalawan. | [32] | |
| MNLF leaderNur Misuari is arrested inMalaysia following rebellion charges filed against him. | [95] | ||
| 2008 | February 8 | Jun Lozada testifies before thePhilippine Senate in connection with theNational Broadband Network contract deal. | [182] |
| March 6 | SeveralCongress members call for an investigation into a joint oil exploration agreement on 2004 between the Philippines, China, andVietnam over the disputedSpratly Islands, claiming it unconstitutional. | [92] | |
| March 11 | Former First LadyImelda Marcos is acquitted by a Manila trial court of 32 counts of illegal money transfers. | [92] | |
| March 17 | TheUnited States Supreme Court hears oral arguments on acertiorari petition filed by thegovernment, invoking sovereign immunity regarding the enforcement against former Pres.Marcos' estate. | [92] | |
| June 20–23 | Typhoon Fengshen (Frank) makes landfall inSamar on the 20th; devastatesCentral Visayas; kills at least 557 people and affects more than 99,600 families in some regions, with damages at ₱4.37 billion (US$101.2 million). | [95][183] | |
| June 21 | Passenger ferryMVPrincess of the Stars capsizes and sinks offSan Fernando, Romblon inSibuyan Island during atyphoon, 814 of its total number of passengers and crew are either dead or missing. | [95][151][161][162][163] [182][183] | |
| August 25 | Peace talks between thegovernment and theMoro Islamic Liberation Front collapse after the memorandum of Agreement on Ancestral Domain is declared by theSupreme Court unconstitutional. | [92][182] | |
| October | Euro Generals scandal | [182] | |
| CARPER (CARP Extension with Reforms) Act is passed, reformingCARP and extending it until 2014. | [95][23] | ||
| 2009 | January 15 | ThreeInternational Committee of the Red Cross volunteers arekidnapped by the rebel groupAbu Sayyaf | [182] [verification needed] |
| March | Philippine Archipelagic Baselines Act (Republic Act 9522) is signed into law by Pres.Macapagal Arroyo, ensuring international recognition of the country's territorial boundaries. | [182] | |
| April 23 | Court of Appeals acquits LCpl. Daniel Smith in connection withSubic rape case, reversing the 2006 decision, ordering his release. | [95] | |
| September 26 | Typhoon Ketsana (Ondoy) is the most devastating typhoon to hit the country sinceTyphoon Patsy (Yoling), affectingManila, with damages of $1.09 billion and 747 fatalities. | [92][165][182] | |
| October | Typhoon Parma (Pepeng) hits the country, affecting millions of people, causing $617 million in damages and 500 fatalities. | [182] | |
| November 23 | Maguindanao massacre: Fifty-eight people being part of a convoy, including clan members and 32 journalists, are killed and buried in a mass grave inAmpatuan town by an estimated 100 gunmen belonging to a victims' political rival; single deadliest attack against journalists in world history. | [32][92][95][182] | |
| December 4 | Pres.Macapagal Arroyo placesMaguindanao under a state of martial law in connection withthe murder incident; lifts it eight days later. | [33][92][95][182] | |
| MNLF leaderNur Misuari is acquitted in connection to the2001 rebellion. | [95] |
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | May 10 | The2010 Philippine general elections, also the first national computerized election in the Philippine history, took place. (Benigno Aquino III is elected president) | [95] [verification needed] |
| August 23 | Ahostage-taking incident at theQuirino Grandstand ends in a gunfight that killed a perpetrator and eight hostages. | [40][92] | |
| October 16–18 | Typhoon Juan, officially asTyphoon Megi, hits northeasternLuzon atSierra Madre, creating widespread damage overLuzon. | ||
| 2011 | July 26 | Supreme Court declares creation of a Truth Commission (Executive Order No. 1) unconstitutional. | [95] |
| November 11 | Puerto Princesa Underground River is named as one of the world'sNew7Wonders of Nature. | [35] | |
| November 18 | Electoral sabotage charges are filed byComelec against former Pres.Macapagal Arroyo, arrested on the same day, and the co-accused at thePasayRegional Trial Court in connection to allegations of electoral fraud. | [95] | |
| December | Tropical Storm Washi (Sendong) causes flash floods, leaving 1,080 people dead and affectingCagayan de Oro andIligan cities. | [183] | |
| 2012 | February | Anearthquake with 6.9 magnitude hitsVisayas islands causing damages. | [184] |
| April | An attempt of thePhilippine Navy to detainChinese fishermen caught on theScarborough Shoal is blocked by China, escalatinga diplomatic standoff over the area. | [184] | |
| April 24 | Supreme Court votes to distributeHacienda Luisita lands to its farmers. | [32] | |
| May 29 | Senators vote, 20–3, to convictChief JusticeCorona guilty inthe second article ofthe impeachment case regarding alleged undisclosed wealth, removing him from office. | [95][184] | |
| September | Cybercrime Prevention Act (Republic Act 10175) is signed into law by Pres.Aquino. | [184] | |
| October 15 | TheFramework Agreement on the Bangsamoro is signed by thePhilippine Government and theMoro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), aiming to end war in thesouthern Philippines and also for the creation of a new autonomous political entity,Bangsamoro, replacing theAutonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. | [33][184] | |
| October 21 | Canonization ofPedro Calungsod as secondFilipino saint | [184] [verification needed] | |
| December 3 | Typhoon Bopha (Pablo) makes landfall onMindanao, affectingCompostela Valley andDavao Oriental, with more than 600 fatalities and damages estimated at more than US$1 billion. | [183][184] | |
| December 21 | Reproductive Health Bill (Republic Act 10354) is signed into law by Pres.Aquino. | [184] | |
| 2013 | May 15 | The Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013, commonly known asK–12 program was signed. | |
| July 27 | TheUnited Federated States of Bangsamoro Republik (UFSBR)declares its independence from the Philippines | ||
| August 16 | Passenger shipMVSt. Thomas Aquinas and cargo shipSulpicio Express Siete collide inCebu Strait, killing 115. | [151][161][162] | |
| September | MNLF commander Ustadz Habier Maliklaunches an attack onZamboanga City, leaving more than 200 people dead. | [95] | |
| September 28 | The UFSBR ceases to exists as it is defeated in theZamboanga City crisis. | ||
| October 15 | Amagnitude 7.2 earthquake, whose released energy is found equivalent to 32Hiroshima bombs, strikesBohol province, affectingCentral Visayas, with 222 people died; the country's deadliest earthquake since1990. | [35][183] | |
| October 28 | Davao Occidental was founded, separating fromDavao del Sur; country's 81st province. | [citation needed] | |
| November 8 | Super Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) landfalls inVisayas and devastates the country, whose winds caused storm surges that severely floodedEastern andCentral Visayan coasts, withSamar (Guiuan town) andLeyte (Tacloban City) among the most affected; death toll of at least 6,300; majority of about 11 million people reportedly affected are left homeless; one of the strongest tropical cyclones to hit the country, and the deadliest typhoon on record. | [92][95] | |
| 2014 | March 27 | TheComprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro was signed. | |
| March 30 | Philippine government files a memorandum in theUnited Nations arbitration court regarding the shoals and reefs in theSouth China Sea. | [21] | |
| May 23 | The Philippines andIndonesia signed a maritime treaty that draws the boundary of the two countries' overlappingExclusive Economic Zone inMindanao andCelebes seas. | ||
| July 21 | Philippine Arena is inaugurated inBocaue, Bulacan, the "largest mixed-use indoor theater." | [84] | |
| July 27 | Philippines marks a milestone in its population growth identifying the birth of a baby girl in aManila hospital as the 100 millionth Filipino. | ||
| September 10 | President Aquino III lead the handover of the draft of theBangsamoro Basic Law to the Senate and House leaders in a historical turnover ceremony at the Malacañang. | ||
| December 8 | Vigan City, Ilocos Sur is chosen as one of the world'sNew7Wonders Cities. | [33] | |
| Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA) signed, maintaining rotational American military presence in the country. | [95] | ||
| 2015 | January 15–19 | Papal visit ofPope Francis in the Philippines, with a special Mass held at the Tacloban airport on the 17th. | [92][95][185] |
| January 25 | Mamasapano clash: An encounter between police commandos and the MILF occurs in a police operation inMamasapano, Maguindanao (now inMaguindanao del Sur), aiming to capture international terroristMarwan; leading to, in total, 74 deaths including 44PNP–SAF officers | [95][185] | |
| February 25 | The AFP declared its all-out offensive campaign against the MILF break away group, theBangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters. | ||
| April 14 | Death ofAmeril Umbra Kato, the founding leader of theBangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters. | ||
| May 29 | Pres.Aquino signsExecutive Order 183, creating theNegros Island Region. | [23] | |
| June 28 | Death of Kumander Parago, the top commander of theNew People's Army. | ||
| October 18 | Typhoon Koppu (Lando) hits northern and centralLuzon, creating widespread damage and floods overLuzon. | [95] [verification needed] | |
| December 1 | LCpl.Joseph Scott Pemberton is convicted by the courtfor the death of a transgender in 2014. | [185] | |
| December 21 (PHL) | Pia Alonzo Wurtzbach is crownedMiss Universe 2015 inLas Vegas, Nevada; the country's first title after 42 years. | [92][95][185] | |
| 2016 | January | Supreme Court declares theEDCA as constitutional. | [95] |
| February 10 | TheNational Mapping and Resource Information Authority announces that it has documented more than 400 additional islands. | ||
| March 23 | Diwata-1 was launched to theInternational Space Station aboard theCygnus spacecraft on asupply mission. | ||
| April 9 | Twenty-three soldiers andAbu Sayyaf bandits, including aMoroccan jihadist, are killed in agunfight between government troops and a terrorist group inTipo-Tipo, Basilan. | [95] | |
| May 9 | 2016 Philippine general election (Rodrigo Duterte is elected as the firstPresident fromMindanao) | [92][95] | |
| July 1 | An intensified nationwide anti-drug campaign is launched by President Rodrigo Duterte. | [186][187] | |
| July 12 | ThePermanent Court of Arbitration rules in favor of the Philippines against China overterritorial disputes in theSouth China Sea. | [31] | |
| July 19 | The Supreme Court acquits former presidentGloria Macapagal Arroyo of her plunder case regarding the alleged misuse of funds for the PCSO in an 11–4 ruling. | ||
| July 23 | President Duterte signs anexecutive order for the implementation of the Freedom of Information (FOI). | ||
| August 1 | Launch of the911 emergency number and8888 civil service complaint hotline | ||
| October 19 | Typhoon Haima (Lawin). Typhoon signal number 5 raised for the first time. | ||
| November 18 | The controversialburial of Ferdinand Marcos at theLibingan ng mga Bayani | ||
| 2017 | January 5 | Death of Mohammad Jaafar Maguid, the leader of Ansar Al-Khilafah Philippines. | |
| January 11 | Pres. Duterte signed an executive order mandating universal access to modernfamily planning tools. | ||
| February 5 | President Rodrigo Duterte designates theCommunist Party of the Philippines-New Peoples Army (CPP-NPA) as aterrorist organization following attacks and kidnappings of soldiers by NPA members amid the imposedceasefire between the government and the communist rebels. | [188] | |
| February 24 | Arrest ofLeila de Lima for violations of Republic Act 9165, (Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002) related to her alleged involvement in theNew Bilibid Prison drug trafficking scandal. | ||
| February 28 | Philippines' signing of theParis Agreement on Climate Change. | ||
| May 16 | Pres. Rodrigo Duterte signed Executive Order No. 25, that renamedBenham Rise to Philippine Rise. | ||
| Pres. Rodrigo Duterte signedExecutive Order No. 26, that ordered a nationwidesmoking ban. | |||
| May 23 | Pres.Duterte declares a 60-daymartial law inMindanao (viaProclamation No. 216) followingclashes between government forces and theMaute group inMarawi City. | [35][189][190] | |
| July 22 | Congress votes to extend martial law inMindanao until the end of 2017 assiege inMarawi City continues. | [189] | |
| October 16 | Abu Sayyaf leaderIsnilon Hapilon andMaute group leaderOmar Maute are killed by government troops in an assault. | [35][189] | |
| October 17 | Pres.Duterte declares the liberation ofMarawi City, with more than a thousand reportedly killed in thebattle. | [35][189] | |
| 2018 | July 26 | TheBangsamoro Organic Law is signed into law by President Rodrigo Duterte, effectively abolishing theAutonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao and providing for the basic structure of government for theBangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. | [191][192] |
.png)
| Year | Date | Event | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | March 16 | The island of Luzon placed underEnhanced Community Quarantine in response to the growingpandemic ofcoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the country. | [193] |
| 2020 | July 3 | TheAnti-Terrorism Act of 2020 is signed into law by President Rodrigo Duterte, giving more surveillance powers to government forces to curb terror threats and acts. | [194] |
| 2021 | June 23 | The Anti-Terrorism Council designates theNational Democratic Front (NDF) as a terrorist organization, citing it as an "integral and inseparable part" of the CPP-NPA. | [195][196] |
| 2021 | July 26 | Hidilyn Diaz wins a gold medal at theWomen's 55 kg event for weightlifting inTokyo, Japan during the2020 Tokyo Olympics. It is the Philippines' firstOlympic gold medal. | [197] |
| 2022 | May 9 | The2022 Philippine general election are held, marking the first majority win since the establishment of theFifth Republic in 1987, the first presidential ticket to win together since 2004, and the return of theMarcos family to power since thePeople Power Revolution. (Bongbong Marcos is elected asPresident alongside his running mate,Sara Duterte, asVice President) | [198][199] |
| 2025 | March 11 | Former presidentRodrigo Duterte isarrested atNinoy Aquino International Airport for anInternational Criminal Court warrant that charged him withcrimes against humanity in relation to thePhilippine drug war. He was then sent tothe Hague to face trial. | [200][201] |
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