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Timeline of Armenian history

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Part ofa series on the
History ofArmenia
Coat of Arms of Armenia
Prehistory Shulaveri–Shomu culture Kura–Araxes culture Legend of Hayk Trialeti–Vanadzor culture Armani Lchashen–Metsamor culture Hayasa-Azzi Arme–Shupria Mushki Urumu Nairi Confederation Urartu (Kingdom of Van) Etiuni
Antiquity Satrapy of Armenia Armenia Minor Kingdom of Armenia Armenian Empire Roman Armenia Christianization of Armenia Kingdom of Sophene Commagene Byzantine Armenia Sasanian Armenia Muslim conquest of Armenia
Middle Ages Emirate of Armenia Principality of Hamamshen Kingdom of Armenia Kingdom of Vaspurakan Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget Kingdom of Syunik Kingdom of Artsakh Zakarid Armenia Principality of Khachen Mongol Armenia Kingdom of Cilicia
Early modern age Iranian Armenia Five Melikdoms Ottoman Armenia Russian Armenia Armenian Oblast Armenian question Armenian genocide Western Armenia National movement
Modern age First Republic of Armenia Armenian S.S.R. Republic of Mountainous Armenia Contemporary Armenia Republic of Artsakh
Timeline •Origins •Etymology
v t e

This is atimeline of Armenian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events inArmenia and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, seeHistory of Armenia. See also thelist of Armenian kings.

This is adynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help byediting the page to add missing items, with references toreliable sources.

Millennia:3rdBC · 2ndBC–1stBC · 1st–2nd · 3rd

Centuries:24thBC · 23rdBC · 22ndBC · 21stBC

Year	Date	Event
860 BC		Foundation of theKingdom of Urartu withAramé.
834 BC		Reign ofSarduri I who constructs Tushpa (Van). (to 828 BC)
810 BC		Reign ofMenuas who conquers the Araratian fields. (to 785 BC)

Year	Date	Event
785 BC		Reign ofArgishtis I.
782 BC		Construction of thefortress of Erebuni (modernYerevan).

Year	Date	Event
680 BC		End of theArgishti II's reign.
680 BC		Beginning of the reign ofRusa II.

Year	Date	Event
585 BC		Conquest of Urartu by theMedes.
570 BC		Reign ofOrontes I Sakavakyats.
533 BC		Satrapy of Armenia is formed.
512 BC		Armenia is annexed toPersia byDarius I. Urartu is officially called Armenia in theBehistun inscription.

Year	Date	Event
331 BC		Alexander the Great attacksPersia and defeatsDarius III, but never conquersArmenia. As a result,Armenia regains its independence from Persia.
331 BC		Reign ofOrontes III begins.

Year	Date	Event
260 BC		Reign ofArsames I begins.
235 BC		Foundation ofArsamosata.
228 BC		Death ofArsames I.
228 BC		Eldest son of Arsames IXerxes became king ofCommagene,Sophene and Armenia.
212 BC		Reign ofOrontes IV begins.
200 BC		Orontes IV was killed by his own army, by betrayal fromArtaxias I.

Year	Date	Event
95 BC		Accession of power byTigranes the Great.
93 BC		Invasion ofCappadocia
88 BC		Conquest ofAtropatene,Gordyene, andOsrhoene
83 BC		Conquest ofSyria,Phoenicia, andCilicia
71 BC		Conquest ofAcre.
69 BC		Tigranes' army is defeated at theBattle of Tigranocerta againstLucullus' Roman army.
68 BC		Lucullus is beaten off from Artaxata.
67 BC		Lucullus is recalled to Rome.
66 BC		Pompey invades Armenia, but returns to Roman land after being offered a generous sum of money by Tigranes.
55 BC		Death of Tigranes the Great.Artavasdes II continues to rule Armenia.
55 BC		Reign of Artavasdes.
34 BC		Mark Antony campaigned against Armenia.
34 BC		End ofArtavasdes II's reign.
31 BC		Antony's defeat at theBattle of Actium, Cleopatra had Artavasdesdecapitated.
30 BC		Beginning ofArtaxias II's reign
20 BC		Artaxias II was killed by his rebellious subjects.
20 BC		Beginning ofTigranes III's reign.
8 BC		The Armenians installedTigranes IV as King as the successor to his father.

Year	Date	Event
1		End of the Artaxiad dynasty in Armenia.Arsacid dynasty of Parthia incorporates Armenia.
53		Tiridates I reaffirms Armenian independence by founding theArsacid dynasty of Armenia.
58		Roman general Corbulo invades Armenia with the assistance of the Iberians and Commagenians.
62		The combinedArmenian-Parthian forces defeatedRoman army near place called Rhandeia.
63		Treaty of Rhandeia.
66		Tiridates is crowned in Rome byNero, after he and Corbulo came to an agreement.
72		War against theAlans.
77		Tiridates I builtGarni Temple.
88		End ofTiridates I’s reign.

Year	Date	Event
109		End ofSanatruk's reign.
110		Axidares was put on the Armenian throne by his paternal uncle, KingOsroes I of Parthia withoutRoman consultation.
114		Roman emperorTrajan annexesArmenia and declares war onParthia.
117		Beginning of the reign ofVologases I.
c. 120		The old town of Vardgesavan was renovated and renamedVagharshapat.
161		Vologases IV invaded Armenia and replaced its Roman client kingSohaemus with his own sonPacorus.
191		Beginning of the reign ofKhosrov I.

Year	Date	Event
228		Tiridates II repels Sassanid invasion.
287		Beginning of the reign ofTiridates III.

Year	Date	Event
1400		Artashumara
1384		Artatama II

Year	Date	Event
301		Armenia becomes the first official Christian state in the world, King Tiridates III proclaims Christianity as the official state religion ofArmenia.Zoroastrianism starts to decline gradually.
330		End of Tiridates III's reign.
356		Council of Ashtishat called bySaint Nerses,catholicos of theArmenian church.
370		Beginning of the reign ofPap.
371		Roman-Armenian forcesdefeated Sasanian army nearBagavan.
374		Murder ofPap.
374		Beginning of the reign ofVarazdat.
386		KingKhosrov III is crowned as king. Byzantine annexes the western parts of Armenia (Armenia Minor) to theByzantine Empire.
387		Division of Armenia into Western and Eastern parts per thePeace of Acisilene between the Sassanid Persians and Byzantines.
392		Armenia regains its might by the coronation of KingVramshapuh in 392.

Year	Date	Event
405		Mesrop Mashtots invents the Armenian alphabet.
414		KingVramshapuh dies.
415		Shapur IV, son of the Sasanid kingYazdgerd I, is put on the Armenian throne.
422		Reign of Armenia kingArtaxias IV, last ruler of theArsacid dynasty.
428		End of theArsacid dynasty of Armenia.Marzpanate Armenia era as part of theSassanid Empire begins.
439		Mamikonian prince Hamazasp marriesSahakanuysh and so unifies the estates of theMamikonians and descendants ofSaint Gregory the Illuminator.
449		The Sasanid king,Yazdegerd II, declares an order according to which allChristians in his realm must convert toZoroastrianism.
451		TheBattle of Avarayr, led byVartan Mamikonian, secures the Christian religion in Armenia.
484		theTreaty of Nvarsak was signed betweenVahan Mamikonian andBalash.
491		TheArmenian Church remains faithful to its mono-physical faith and separates itself from the churches in Rome and Byzantine.

Year	Date	Event
607		Third Council of Dvin.
639		The first Arab invasion under the leadership ofAbd ar-Rahman ibn Rabiah devastates the region ofTaron.
642		Arabs storm the city ofDvin killing 12,000 its inhabitants and taking 35,000 intoslavery.
645		Theodorus Rshtuni and other Armeniannakharars accepted Muslim rule over Armenia.
650		Armenia becomes the main battleground of theKhazar–Arab Wars &Byzantine–Arab Wars which leaves the lands depopulated. (to 750)

Year	Date	Event
861		Ashot I Bagratuni is recognized as prince of princes by theBaghdad court, followed by a war against local Muslim emirs. (to 862)
885		Ashot wins and is thus recognized King of the Armenians byBaghdad in 885.
886		Formal recognition of Armenian sovereignty byConstantinople.
891		King Ashot I dies and is succeeded by his sonSmbat I, in 892.

Year	Date	Event
1016		Seljuk Turks first appear in the region.
1045		Armenia falls toByzantine troops, and an exodus from the Armenian lands begins.
1064		Byzantine Ani, once the capital ofBagratid Armenia, is conquered and destroyed by theSeljuk Turks.
1071		After theBattle of Manzikert,Seljuk dominance is established overAnatolia and a large number ofTurkish tribes migrate to the region.
1072		TheSeljuks sell Ani to theShaddadid, aKurdish tribe ruling a territory coinciding with modern-dayArmenia.
1078		Establishment of the Armenian Principality ofCilicia, led by theRubenid dynasty.
1095		The First Crusade is launched by Pope Urban I.

Year	Date	Event
1187		Debut ofLeon II's reign as prince.
1194		After the decline of theSeljuk dominance in the region,Eastern Anatolia is ruled by a slew ofTurkish emirates and tribes, such as theAhlatshahs,Mengujekids,Saltukids and theArtuqids. (to 1241)
1198		Leon II "the Magnificent" managed to secure his crown, becoming the first King of Armenian Cilicia.

Year	Date	Event
1219		Death of Leon II.
1241		Mongol Invasion ofAnatolia, much of the sedentary population of Armenia is slaughtered. (to 1244)
1256		Turco-Mongol rule continues inEastern Anatolia under theIlkhanate rulers and theirTurkish andKurdish vassals. (to 1335)

Year	Date	Event
1335		The decline ofMongol power leads Armenia to be dominated once again byAnatolian Turkoman tribes such as theChobanids. (to 1400)
1375		Fall of the Armenian kingdom of Cilicia to theMameluks ofEgypt and theirRamadanid vassals.
1400		Tamerlane's devastating invasion ofGeorgia,Armenia andCentral Anatolia leads to the slaughter of large portions of the population of Armenia and the enslavement of over 60,000 people from Anatolia and theCaucasus.

Year	Date	Event
1405		AfterTamerlane's death,Anatolia becomes a battleground between the rival tribal confederations of theAk Koyunlu and theKara Koyunlu.
1461		Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople established by the then Ottoman Emperor,Mehmed II.
1478		Armenian migration to Bruges,Belgium.

Year	Date	Event
1502		TheSafavid dynasty is established inPersia, that conquersArmenia.
1512		Printing of firstArmenian books.
1514		TheOttoman-Persian Wars rage in theArmenian Highlands for the first time, the Ottomans temporarily gainWestern Armenia.
1519		Decree of King Sigismund I thatArmenians in Poland be governed under code of laws by Mkhitar Gosh.
1519		The firstJelali revolts; clashes betweenSunnite Turks andKurds andShi'ite Qizilbash cause friction inEastern Anatolia. (to 1528)
1520		Large portions of Armenia are conquered bySelim I.
1532		Ottoman-Safavid War (1532-1555) commences.
1555		Peace of Amasya signed between the Ottomans and Safavids. Western Armenia falls in Ottoman hands, Eastern Armenia stays under Persian rule.
1567		Establishment of Armenian printing press in Constantinople.
1598		Continuation of the devastatingJelali revolts inAnatolia. (to 1611)

Year	Date	Event
1603		Shah Abbas ofPersia invades Ottoman Armenia (to 1618) and reestablishes full control over Eastern Armenia and large parts of Western Armenia as part of his empire.
1605		When forced to abandon the siege ofKars,Shah Abbas orders thecomplete destruction of many Armenian towns and villages anddeports over 300,000Armenians toPersia, of which only half survive.
1623		The finalOttoman-Safavid War rages in both parts of historic Armenia.
1639		Treaty of Zuhab signed between the Ottomans and Safavids. Western Armenia falls decisively under Ottoman rule. Safavids remain in possession of Eastern Armenia.
1648		Major earthquake in Van.

Year	Date	Event
1712		Sayat Nova, renowned Armenian poet troubadour.
1722		David Bek leads the national liberation movement in 1722, but passes away in 1728.
1747		ThePersians establish theKarabakh Khanate.
1759		Arrival ofHovsep Emin in Armenia
1778		Establishment of Nor Nakhichevan

Year	Date	Event
1809	15 October	Khachatur Abovian, renowned novelist, poet, and playwright, is born.
1810		Zeitountsi revolts.
1811		Mkhitarist order of Vienna founded.
1813		Treaty of Gulistan. All ofEastern Armenia remains underPersian rule, except for the Armenians inKarabakh, which had already de facto become part of the Russian Empire.
1824		Founding of Nersessian Academy in Tiflis
1826		Nickolas Balian, architect in Constantinople (to 1858)
1827		Occupation of Yerevan by Russian forces
1828		Treaty of Turkmanchay. Eastern Armenia is forcefully ceded by Persia to Russia per theRusso-Persian War (1826-1828), strengthening Russian control of Transcaucasus.
1836		The Russian government enacts thePolozhenie, a statute greatly restricting the power of theArmenian Church.^[1]
1894–1896		Hamidian massacres; an estimated 80,000–300,000 are killed.

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12000 BC

43rd century BC

40th century BC

30th century BC

25th century BC

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22nd century BC

21st century BC

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18th century BC

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1st century BC

1st century

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13th century

14th century

15th century

16th century

17th century

18th century

19th century

20th century

Soviet era

Independence; last decade of the 20th century

21st century

See also

References

Further reading

Year	Date	Event
1901	3 November	Battle of Holy Apostles Monastery.
1904		1904 Sasun uprising.
1905		Armenian–Tatar massacres.
1905		Attempted assassination of Abdul Hamid II.
1907	27 May	Battle of Sulukh.
1909		Adana massacre: An estimated 15,000–30,000 are killed.
1915		Armenian genocide: An estimated 1,500,000 are killed. (to 1923)
1918	3 March	TheTreaty of Brest-Litovsk givesKars,Ardahan andBatum regions to theOttoman Empire.
	22 May	Battle of Sardarapat
	23 May	Battle of Abaran
	25 May	Battle of Karakilisa
	28 May	TheArmenian Congress of Eastern Armenians declares thefirst Republic of Armenia.
	4 June	Treaty of Batum
	30 October	Armistice of Mudros, the Ottoman Empire agreeing to leave the Transcaucasus. TheDemocratic Republic of Armenia assumes control of Western Armenia, now that the Ottomans are forced to leave.
1920	10 May	May Uprising ( failedcoup d'état by the ArmenianBolsheviks).
	24 September	Turkish–Armenian War.
	24 September	Red Army invasion of Armenia.
	2 December	Soviet-alignedArmenian SSR established (distinct from and opponent of thefirst Republic of Armenia).
	6 December	Fall of thefirst Republic of Armenia, fully occupied by theTurkish National Movement and theRed Army (Soviet Union).^[2]

Year	Date	Event
1921	13 February	February Uprising
1922	30 December	Establishment of theSoviet Union;Armenian SSR joins the USSR as part of theTranscaucasian SFSR.
1923	7 July	TheNagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) is established, granting Armenian autonomy forNagorno-Karabakh within theAzerbaijan SSR.^[3]
1936–1938		Great Purge in Armenia
1936	5 December	Transcaucasian SFSR disestablished; Armenian SSR becomes a full union republic.
1954	11 March	Anastas Mikoyan calls for therehabilitation of the poetYeghishe Charents in Yerevan, beginning theKhrushchev Thaw andde-Stalinization in Armenia.^[4]
1965	24 April	1965 Yerevan demonstrations
1988	20 February	First Nagorno-Karabakh War commences.
	22 February	Askeran clashes.
	27 February	Sumgait Pogrom, marked by widespread killings, injuries, and destruction, intensifying theNagorno-Karabakh conflict.
	March	Gugark pogrom.
	27 November	Kirovabad pogrom.
	7 December	Spitak earthquake.
1990	12 January	Baku pogrom.

Year	Date	Event
1991	30 April	Operation Ring.
	21 September	Armenian independence referendum
	17 October	First-everArmenian presidential election,Levon Ter-Petrosyan elected president with overwhelming popular support.
	21 December	Armenia joins theCommonwealth of Independent States
1992	17 February	Capture of Garadaghly.
	26 February	Khojaly massacre.
	2 March	Armenia joined theUnited Nations.
	10 April	Maraga massacre.
	9 May	Victory in the Battle of Shushi.
	9 May	TheSiege of Stepanakert ended after prolonged conflict during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, marking a turning point in the struggle for Nagorno-Karabakh.
	1 October	Battle of Lachin.
	12 June	Operation Goranboy.
	25 June	Armenia joins theOrganization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
	27 June	Mardakert and Martuni Offensives.
1993	27 March	Battle of Kalbajar.
	12 June	Battle of Aghdam.
	4 July	1993 Summer Offensives.
		Operation Horadiz.
	15 December	Operation Kalbajar.
1994	12 May	First Nagorno-Karabakh War formally ends
1995	5 July	Armenian constitutional referendum
1999	1 July	EU-Armenia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement enters into force
1999	27 October	Armenian parliament shooting

Year	Date	Event
2001	25 January	Armenia's accession to the Council of Europe
2001	28 November	Armenia becomes a permanent observer member of theOrganization of American States^[5]
2004	12 April	Robert Kocharyan's government dispersed massive, peaceful protest using excessive force^[6]
2008	19 February	2008 Armenian presidential election
2012	6 May	2012 Armenian parliamentary election
2013	18 February	2013 Armenian presidential election
2015	2 January	Armenia's accession to the Eurasian Union
2015	12 January	2015 Gyumri massacre
2016	1–5 April	2016 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes
2017	2 April	2017 Armenian parliamentary election
2017	24 November	TheArmenia-EU Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement is ratified inBrussels
2018	2 March	2018 Armenian presidential election
	8 May	2018 Armenian Velvet Revolution
	9 December	2018 Armenian parliamentary election
2020	27 September	Second Nagorno-Karabakh War commences
2020	10 November	2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War formally ends
2021	20 June	2021 Armenian parliamentary election
2022	24 June	Armenia joins theEuropean Political Community
2023	23 January	European Union Mission in Armenia began operations
2023	November	Armenia joins theInternational Solar Alliance
2024	12 March	TheEuropean Parliament passed a resolution confirming Armenia meets Maastricht TreatyArticle 49 requirements and that the country may apply forEU membership.
2024	12 June	Armenia joins theArtemis Accords
2025	14 January	Armenia and theUnited States sign theArmenia–United States Strategic Partnership Charter inWashington, D.C.
2025	12 February	Armenian parliament officially passed a bill calling for the start of the process ofArmenia's accession to the European Union^[7]

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