Tillamook, Oregon | |
|---|---|
 City hall | |
| Nicknames: Land of Many Waters; Land of Cheese, Trees, and Ocean Breeze | |
| Motto: "Gateway to the Oregon Coast" | |
 Location inOregon | |
| Coordinates:45°27′22″N123°49′59″W / 45.45611°N 123.83306°W /45.45611; -123.83306 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Oregon |
| County | Tillamook |
| Incorporated | 1891 |
| Government | |
| • Body | City Council |
| • Mayor | Aaron Burris[citation needed] |
| • City Manager | Nathan George[citation needed] |
| Area | |
• Total | 1.90 sq mi (4.93 km2) |
| • Land | 1.90 sq mi (4.93 km2) |
| • Water | 0 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 33 ft (10 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 5,204 |
| • Density | 2,732.6/sq mi (1,055.08/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−8 (Pacific) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−7 (Pacific) |
| ZIP code | 97141 |
| Area code | 503 |
| FIPS code | 41-73700[4] |
| GNIS feature ID | 2412070[2] |
| Website | www.tillamookor.gov |
Tillamook (/ˈtɪləmʊk/TILL-ə-muuk) is a city in and thecounty seat ofTillamook County, Oregon, United States. The city is located on the southeast end ofTillamook Bay on thePacific Ocean. The population was 5,231 at the2020 census.
The city is named for theTillamook people, aNative American tribe speaking aSalishan language who lived in this area until the early 19th century. AnthropologistFranz Boas identifies the Tillamook Native Americans as the southernmost branch of theCoast Salish peoples of the Pacific Northwest. This group was separated geographically from the northern branch by tribes ofChinookan peoples who occupied territory between them. The nameTillamook, he says, is ofChinook origin, and refers to the people of a locality known asElim orKelim. They spokeTillamook, a combination of two dialects. Tillamook culture differed from that of the northern Coast Salish, Boas says, and might have been influenced by tribal cultures to the south, in what is nowNorthern California.[5]
CaptainRobert Gray first anchored inTillamook Bay in 1788, marking the first recorded European landing on the Oregon coast. Settlers began arriving in the early 1850s, and Tillamook County was created by the Territorial legislature in 1853. In 1862, the town itself was laid out, and the first post office was opened in 1866. The town was voted to be the county seat in 1873.
Tillamook was officially incorporated as a city in 1891.[6] Its first mayor was George Cohn, a merchant and community leader who served in 1891. Cohn's was president Cohn and Company, a local mercantile[7]
The first church in Tillamook was the Methodist Episcopal Church, established in 1861 by early settlers. Services were initially held in homes and schoolhouses, with the first dedicated building constructed in the 1870s. The Sacred Heart Catholic Church followed in 1896.[8]
A series of devastating forest fires,Tillamook Burn starting with the 1933 fire that burned 240,000 acres in 6 days, destroying $442 million in timber (equivalent to $12 billion today). Subsequent fires in 1939, 1945, and 1951 totaled 355,000 acres, the largest in Oregon history.
DuringWorld War II, theUnited States Navy operated ablimp patrol station near the town atNaval Air Station Tillamook. The station was decommissioned in 1948, and the remaining facility now housesTillamook Air Museum.
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.7 square miles (4.40 km2), all of it land.[9] The Tillamook area is also home to five rivers, theTillamook,Trask,Wilson,Kilchis, and theMiami just north of the city.
Tillamook has a climate that lies between the cool-summerMediterranean climate (Csb) and theoceanic climate (Cfb). The city has a mild and wet climate with very little seasonal temperature variation due to its proximity to the Pacific Ocean. From November through April, daytime high temperatures range from the high 40s to the high 50s with abundant rainfall - including more than 13 inches (330 mm) per month in November, December, and January. Snowfall is very rare, but winter floods are a common occurrence. Between April and October, the precipitation in Tillamook is comparatively lighter than other coastal cities, but still remains much wetter than the population centers in the Willamette Valley. Tillamook's annual precipitation averages about 88 inches (2,200 mm) compared to only 36 inches (910 mm) in Portland. Summers in Tillamook are brief and mild with average daytime temperatures in the upper 60s, although daytime temperatures can occasionally soar into the 80s and 90s for days at a time. Summer is by far the driest season in Tillamook with only 1.35 inches and 1.33 inches of rain (34 mm in either case) falling in July and August, respectively.
| Climate data for Tillamook, Oregon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1949–2021) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 70 (21) | 78 (26) | 78 (26) | 86 (30) | 88 (31) | 87 (31) | 88 (31) | 89 (32) | 97 (36) | 92 (33) | 80 (27) | 69 (21) | 97 (36) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 62.1 (16.7) | 64.7 (18.2) | 67.8 (19.9) | 71.5 (21.9) | 76.5 (24.7) | 76.0 (24.4) | 78.1 (25.6) | 79.8 (26.6) | 81.7 (27.6) | 76.1 (24.5) | 65.2 (18.4) | 60.1 (15.6) | 85.9 (29.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 51.9 (11.1) | 53.1 (11.7) | 54.8 (12.7) | 57.2 (14.0) | 61.1 (16.2) | 64.1 (17.8) | 67.7 (19.8) | 69.0 (20.6) | 68.4 (20.2) | 62.5 (16.9) | 55.5 (13.1) | 50.6 (10.3) | 59.7 (15.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 44.5 (6.9) | 44.7 (7.1) | 46.0 (7.8) | 48.3 (9.1) | 52.4 (11.3) | 55.9 (13.3) | 59.0 (15.0) | 59.7 (15.4) | 57.6 (14.2) | 52.6 (11.4) | 47.2 (8.4) | 43.5 (6.4) | 51.0 (10.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 37.2 (2.9) | 36.3 (2.4) | 37.2 (2.9) | 39.4 (4.1) | 43.7 (6.5) | 47.7 (8.7) | 50.3 (10.2) | 50.3 (10.2) | 46.8 (8.2) | 42.7 (5.9) | 39.0 (3.9) | 36.4 (2.4) | 42.3 (5.7) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 25.2 (−3.8) | 25.0 (−3.9) | 27.2 (−2.7) | 31.1 (−0.5) | 33.9 (1.1) | 38.1 (3.4) | 41.5 (5.3) | 40.9 (4.9) | 36.1 (2.3) | 30.8 (−0.7) | 26.8 (−2.9) | 23.9 (−4.5) | 20.7 (−6.3) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 1 (−17) | 5 (−15) | 18 (−8) | 23 (−5) | 25 (−4) | 31 (−1) | 34 (1) | 33 (1) | 27 (−3) | 19 (−7) | 14 (−10) | 4 (−16) | 1 (−17) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 13.38 (340) | 9.49 (241) | 10.05 (255) | 7.48 (190) | 4.56 (116) | 3.28 (83) | 0.92 (23) | 1.20 (30) | 3.58 (91) | 7.80 (198) | 13.44 (341) | 14.65 (372) | 89.83 (2,280) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.51) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.51) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in.) | 22.4 | 18.9 | 21.7 | 19.5 | 14.8 | 12.6 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 10.0 | 17.9 | 22.7 | 23.3 | 197.4 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.1 in) | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 |
| Source:NOAA[10][11] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 834 | — | |
| 1910 | 1,352 | 62.1% | |
| 1920 | 1,964 | 45.3% | |
| 1930 | 2,549 | 29.8% | |
| 1940 | 2,751 | 7.9% | |
| 1950 | 3,685 | 34.0% | |
| 1960 | 4,244 | 15.2% | |
| 1970 | 3,968 | −6.5% | |
| 1980 | 3,981 | 0.3% | |
| 1990 | 4,001 | 0.5% | |
| 2000 | 4,356 | 8.9% | |
| 2010 | 4,935 | 13.3% | |
| 2020 | 5,204 | 5.5% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[12][3] | |||
As of the2020 census, Tillamook had a population of 5,204. The median age was 36.0 years. 25.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 16.4% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 92.7 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 88.8 males age 18 and over.[13][14]
99.4% of residents lived in urban areas, while 0.6% lived in rural areas.[15]
There were 2,137 households in Tillamook, of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 33.7% were married-couple households, 21.5% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 34.6% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[13]
There were 2,295 housing units, of which 6.9% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 43.2% were owner-occupied and 56.8% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4% and the rental vacancy rate was 5.9%.[13]
| Race | Number | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| White | 3,903 | 75.0% |
| Black or African American | 10 | 0.2% |
| American Indian and Alaska Native | 72 | 1.4% |
| Asian | 62 | 1.2% |
| Native Hawaiian andOther Pacific Islander | 36 | 0.7% |
| Some other race | 501 | 9.6% |
| Two or more races | 620 | 11.9% |
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 1,014 | 19.5% |
As of thecensus of 2010, there were 4,935 people, 2,037 households, and 1,192 families living in the city. Thepopulation density was 2,902.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,120.8/km2). There were 2,248 housing units at an average density of 1,322.4 per square mile (510.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 86.5%White, 0.2%African American, 1.5%Native American, 1.1%Asian, 0.8%Pacific Islander, 6.9% fromother races, and 3.0% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 17.2% of the population.[4]
There were 2,037 households, of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.9% weremarried couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.5% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.11.[4]
The median age in the city was 33.7 years. 27% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.2% were from 25 to 44; 23% were from 45 to 64; and 14% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.3% male and 51.7% female.[4]
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,352 people, 1,758 households, and 1,105 families living in the city. The population density was 2,818.8 inhabitants per square mile (1,088.3/km2). There were 1,898 housing units at an average density of 1,229.3 per square mile (474.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 92.56% White, 0.16% African American, 1.22% Native American, 0.71% Asian, 0.16% Pacific Islander, 3.42% from other races, and 1.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.12% of the population.[4]
There were 1,758 households, out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.7% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.1% were non-families. 32.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.08.[4]
In the city, the population dispersal was 29.2% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 19.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males.[4]
The median income for a household in the city was $29,875, and the median income for a family was $36,351. Males had a median income of $28,458 versus $20,801 for females. Theper capita income for the city was $15,160. About 11.8% of families and 15.4% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 18.2% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over.[4]
Historically, the Tillamook economy has been based primarily on dairy farms. The farmland surrounding the city is used for grazing the milk cattle that supply theTillamook County Creamery Association's production of cheese, particularlycheddar, gourmet ice cream and yogurt, and other dairy products. Approximately one million people visit the cheese factory (located north of Tillamook onHighway 101) each year.[16]
Thelumber industry also is experiencing a comeback from the replanting that followed theTillamook Burn forest fires of the mid-20th century. The burned remains of some of the trees can still be found in the forests surrounding Tillamook.
Tillamook also serves tourists on their way to theocean beaches and as a location for second homes.
TheTillamook Air Museum, which features over 15 aircraft, an Exhibit Hall with rare wartime and aviation-themed artifacts, is located just south of the city. It is housed in a wooden WWII blimp hangar that was once a part ofNaval Air Station Tillamook. In 1991, illusionistDavid Copperfield filmed a train car disappearance illusion for a TV special in Hangar B.[17] Its sister hangar (Hangar A) was destroyed by a fire in 1992. The hangars were built withold-growth trees and one can see the huge seamless beams inside the buildings.
The Tillamook Cheese Factory is the Tillamook County Creamery Association's original cheese production facility. The Tillamook Cheese Factory also serves as a Visitor Center and hosts over 1 million tourists each year. Visitors can learn about the cheese-making process, cheese-packaging process, and the ice cream-making process from a viewing gallery over the main production floor. Tours are self-guided and self-paced, and are augmented by video presentations and interactive kiosks.[18] Tours inside the actual cheese-processing area of the plant were discontinued in 1967 due to health and safety regulations.[19]
TheTillamook County Fair is world-famous for the annualPig-N-Ford race where contestants have to catch a pig and race strippedModel T Fords around an oval track with the pig under one arm.
Tillamook is served by theTillamook School District. The city is home to seven schools and one college.Tillamook High School, Tillamook Junior High School, Wilson River School (Alternate Education),Trask River High School, East Elementary School, South Prairie Elementary School, Liberty Elementary School, and it contains theTillamook Bay Community College.
Tillamook High School (home of the Cheesemakers) won the OSAA 4A State Football Championship in 1993, the OSAA 4A State Men's Championship in 1980, and the OSAA 4A State Women's Championship in 1980.
Tillamook's weekly newspaper is theHeadlight-Herald. The city has three radio stations.KTIL-FM is a local radio station playing country. With a unique morning show and an interview section from 9:30–10:00 titled "Tillamook Today", which interviews local officials, business owners, and other individuals discussing what is currently going on within the county.[20]KTIL (AM) broadcasts oldies. Originally, it operated as a talk radio station. In addition to the oldies, sporting events are broadcast.[21]KDEP-FM used to broadcast classic rock, but has since transitioned to modern music.[22] Several media personalities got their starts on KTIL. The most notable was nationally syndicated conservative talk hostLars Larson, who received his first job at the age of 16 on the station.[23]
American technology companyIntel named one of theirnotebook processor modules after Tillamook.
Actor Jacob Young served as the sole male judge, among five female judges. After the contest, Young spoke to a crowd of 100 about growing up in the Northwest in Tillamook, and playing J.R. Chandler on the soap operaAll My Children.
Municipalities and communities ofTillamook County, Oregon,United States | ||
|---|---|---|
| Cities |  | |
| CDPs | ||
| Other communities | ||
Salem (capital) | |||||||||
| Topics | |||||||||
| Society | |||||||||
| Regions |
| ||||||||
| Metro areas | |||||||||
| Largest cities (pop. >50,000) | |||||||||
| Counties | |||||||||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Other | |
