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Thiri Thudhamma

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
King of Arakan
Srisudhammaraja
သီရိသုဓမ္မရာဇာ
Salim Shah II of Mrauk U
King of Arakan
Reign1622-1638
Coronation10th waxing of Nayon, 984 ME
PredecessorKhamaung
SuccessorSanay
Bornc. April 1602 Tagu 948 ME
Mrauk U palace
Died31 May, 1638 4th waxing of Nayon, 984 ME (aged 36)
Mrauk U
ConsortNatshinmae (နတ်ရှင်မယ်)
IssueSanay
Man Kyi Swa
Shwe Kyin Swa and 16 others
Names
Hsinphyuthakhin, Hsinnithakhin Thiri Thudhamma Raza
(ဆင်ဖြူသခင်၊ ဆင်နီသခင် သီရိသုဓမ္မရာဇာ)
HouseMin Bin
FatherKhamaung
MotherShin Htwe (ရှင်ထွေး)
ReligionTheravada Buddhism
This article containsBurmese script. Without properrendering support, you may seequestion marks, boxes, or other symbols instead ofBurmese script.

Thiri Thudhamma also calledSrisudhammaraja (Arakanese:သီရိသုဓမ္မ;c. April 1602 - 31 May 1638) whose personal name wasMin Hari (မင်းဟရီ), also known asSalim Shah II was a king of theMrauk-U Dynasty ofArakan.

Reign

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After the death ofMin Khamaung, his son and crown prince Min Hari ascended the throne and took on the title of Thiri Thudhamma. He would work on repairing infrastructure built in the time ofMin Bin, including the defences of the city of Mrauk U.[1]

During Thudhamma's rule of Arakan,Muhammad Khurram (later Shah Jahan) took control of neighbouringMughal Bengal in 1624. Thudamma took advantage of the Bengal crisis by leading a raid intoBhalwa (Noakhali),[2] where he defeated the local administratorMirza Baqi and returned to Arakan with plenty ofwar booty.[3]

Thudhamma's commanding officer wasAshraf Khan, a devotedSufi Muslim and the patron of renownedBengali poetDaulat Qazi.[4][5]

During his reign, in April 1624, the Dutch began trade relations with the city of Mrauk U.[6]

In 1628, theLaungkrakca (Rakhine:လောင်းကြက်စား); governor ofLaunggyet) rebelled and posed a threat of Thiri Thudhamma's reign. The rebellion was put down and many leading men executed, but this only furthered the importance of futureLaungkrakca.[7]

Death and Succession

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At the time, the Arakanese chronicle tradition hadprophecised that the Mrauk U lineage of kings would end by the turn of the first millennium- roughly 1638 according to the Arakanese era. Rumours of Thiri Thudhamma's impending death circulated not long after his coronation. In the 1630s, the various court ministers in Mrauk U became more aggressive in vying for power.[7]

On 31 May 1638, Thiri Thudhamma mysteriously died. His son and crown princeMin Sanay ascended the throne. Then On 26 June, Sanay also mysteriously died. The court blamed it on Thiri Thudhamma castingsorcery on his son. After this, theLaugkrakca ascended the throne asNarapati.[8] HistorianJacques Leider ascribes this chain of events as acoup d'état by theLaungkrakca.[9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Aye Chan 2017, p. 94-95.
  2. ^Khan, Nurul Islam, ed. (1977).Bangladesh District Gazetteers: Noakhali. Dacca: Bangladesh Government Press. pp. 230–231.OCLC 85190093.
  3. ^Saha, Sanghamitra (1998).A handbook of West Bengal. Vol. 1. International School of Dravidian Linguistics. p. 119.
  4. ^Sen, Sukumar (1993).Islami Bangla Sahitya (in Bengali), Kolkata: Ananda Publishers,ISBN 81-7215-301-5, pp.23-33
  5. ^Paniker, K. Ayyappa (1997).Medieval Indian Literature: Surveys and selections. Sahitya Akademi. p. 63.ISBN 978-81-260-0365-5.Archived from the original on 2024-08-22. Retrieved2022-10-23.
  6. ^Aye Chan 2017, p. 95.
  7. ^abvan Gelen 2002, p. 157.
  8. ^van Gelen 2002, p. 158.
  9. ^Leider, Jacques (1994). "La route de Am (Arakan)" [The Road to Arakan].Journal Asiatique.282 (2):335–370.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Harvey, G. E. (1925).History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824. London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.
  • Myat Soe, ed. (1964).Myanma Swezon Kyan (in Burmese). Vol. 9 (1 ed.). Yangon:Sarpay Beikman.
  • Myint-U, Thant (2006).The River of Lost Footsteps—Histories of Burma. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.ISBN 978-0-374-16342-6.
  • Sandamala Linkara, Ashin (1931).Rakhine Yazawinthit Kyan (in Burmese). Vol. 1–2 (1997 ed.). Yangon: Tetlan Sarpay.
  • Aye Chan (2017).ရခိုင်သမိုင်းမိတ်ဆက် [Introduction to Rakhine History]. Yangon: Shwe Thazin Publishing House.
  • van Gelen, Stephan (2002). "Arakan at the Turn of the First Millenium of the Arakanese Era". In Gommans, Jos;Leider, Jacques (eds.).The Maritime Frontier of Burma. Amsterdam: Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. pp. 151–162.
Thiri Thudhamma
Born: April 1602 Died: 31 May 1638
Regnal titles
Preceded byKing of Mrauk-U
June 1622 – 31 May 1638
Succeeded by
Pagan dynasty
849–1297
Myinsaing andPinya Kingdoms
1297–1364
Sagaing Kingdom
1315–1364
Kingdom of Ava
1364–1555
Hanthawaddy Kingdom
1287–1539, 1550–1552
Mrauk U Kingdom
1429–1785
Prome Kingdom
1482–1542
Toungoo dynasty
1510–1752
Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom
1740–1757
Konbaung dynasty
1752–1885
  • 1 Regent or Co-Regent
  • 2 Mongol vassal (1297)
  • 3Confederation of Shan States (1527–55)
  • 4 Brief revival (1550–52)
  • 5 Vassal of the Confederation of Shan States (1532–42)
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