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Thethird umpire (orTV Umpire[1]) is an off-fieldumpire used in somecricket matches, particularlyinternational matches. Their role is to make the final decision in questions referred to them by the two on-field umpires or the players.
| Third Umpire | |
|---|---|
| Member of | Elite Panel of ICC Umpires |
| Appointer | International Cricket Council |
The third umpire is also there to act as an emergency on-field umpire if required.[2]
The third umpire was the brainchild of Dr Ali Bacher, the former Managing Director of the United Cricket Board of South Africa and Mike Demaine, the senior cricket producer at the South African Broadcasting Television sports department. The idea was conceived in a meeting between Ali Bacher & Mike Demaine at the UCBSA offices in Johannesburg in 1991 & used for the first time in South African domestic cricket competitions that season (with the approval of the ICC). After the successful use of the technology in 1991 the ICC then agreed for the UCBSA and the SABC to use the technology in the television coverage of international matches in South Africa in 1992.
It debuted in Test cricket in November 1992 atKingsmead,Durban for theSouth Africa vs. India series.Karl Liebenberg was the third umpire, withCyril Mitchley the on-field umpire, who referred the run out decision in this match.Sachin Tendulkar became the first batsman to be dismissed (run out) by using television replays in the second day of the Test scoring 11.[3]
The third umpire is appointed from theElite Panel of ICC Umpires or theInternational Panel of ICC Umpires forTest matches,[2]ODIs,[4] andT20Is.[5]
For all Test matches, and for ODIs whereDRS is used, the third umpire is appointed by theICC, and is a different nationality to the two sides. ForODIs where DRS isnot used, and for all T20Is, the third umpire is appointed by the home side'sGoverning body.
An on-field umpire can, at his own discretion, use a radio link to refer particular types of close decision to the third umpire, this is called anUmpire Review. When the fullUmpire Decision Review System isnot in use, the third umpire uses televisionreplays (only) to assist him in coming to a decision.[6]
When the full DRS is in use, players can also initiate reviews of particular decisions by the on-field umpires, this is called aPlayer Review. These are judged by the third umpire, and the third umpire has the full range of technology available beyond simple replays, for both Umpire Reviews and Player Reviews.
In the case of injury or illness to one of the on-field umpires, the third umpire will take his place. The third umpire duties will then be taken on by thefourth umpire.[7]
For example, during the 4th ODI betweenAustralia and India at Canberra in 2015–16, umpireRichard Kettleborough was injured during Australia's innings and was replaced by third umpirePaul Wilson.[8]
TV Umpires Marais Erasmus
2.1.1.3 One (1) third umpire, who shall act as the emergency on-field umpire and officiate in regard to the DRS, appointed by the ICC from the ICC Elite Panel of Umpires or the ICC International Panel of Umpires, who shall not be from the same country as the participating teams.
2.1.7 In ODI matches where the DRS is used, the ICC will appoint a third umpire who shall act as the emergency on-field umpire and officiate in regard to the DRS. Such third umpire shall not be from the same country as the participating teams and shall be appointed from the 'Elite Panel' or the 'International Panel'. 2.1.8 In all other ODI matches, the third umpire will be appointed by the Home Board and shall act as the emergency on-field umpire and officiate in regard to TV replays. Such appointment shall be made from the 'Elite Panel' or the 'International Panel'.
2.1.5 In all T20I matches, the third umpire will be appointed by the Home Board and shall act as the emergency on-field umpire and officiate in regard to TV replays. Such appointment shall be made from the 'Elite Panel' or the 'International Panel'.
Appendix D, paragraph 1.1.6, THIRD UMPIRE (NON-DRS), Replays that can be used: The third umpire shall only have access to replays of any camera images. Other technology which may be in use by the broadcaster for broadcast purposes (for example, ball-tracking technology, sound-based edge detection technology, and heat-based edge detection technology) shall not be used during Umpire Reviews.
2.1.1.3 One (1) third umpire, who shall act as the emergency on-field umpire... 2.1.1.4 One (1) fourth umpire, who shall act as the emergency third umpire, appointed by the Home Board, from its nominees to the ICC International Panel of Umpires.