Thetford Priory is aCluniac monastic house inThetford,Norfolk, England. Founded in 1103 byRoger Bigod of Norfolk, Thetford was one of the most important monasteries ofEast Anglia.
52°24′59″N0°44′33″E / 52.4165°N 0.742382°E /52.4165; 0.742382
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One of the most important East Anglian monasteries, Thetford Priory was founded in 1103 by Roger Bigod of Norfolk, in lieu of a vow of pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The abandoned cathedral church of the East Anglian bishops, on the Suffolk side of theRiver Little Ouse, was at first selected as the church of the new priory, dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. A cloister or cells of woodwork were erected for the accommodation of the monks, andBenedictines from thePriory of St Pancras inLewes arrived in 1104.[1]
Three years later, a new prior realized that the monastic site, surrounded by the houses of the burghers, was inconveniently overcrowded, with no room for a guest-house. Bigod then gave them a pleasant and open site on the other side of the river in the county of Norfolk. The monks relocated to their new premises onSt. Martin's Day, 1114.[1]
In the 13th century, the Virgin Mary is said to have appeared in avision to locals requesting the addition to the site of aLady Chapel. During its construction, an old statue of her from their former site was discovered to have a hollow in its head concealing saints'relics, and became a magnet for pilgrims. In a 1390 visitation, visitors from Cluny found that there were then twenty-two monks; six daily masses, three of which were sung; and that tenth part of the bread was reserved for distribution to the poor. The visitors found that all monastic obligations according to the Cluny rule were duly observed.[1]
During the time of theDissolution of the Monasteries, a formal complaint was raised by the Mayors and burgesses ofThetford toThomas Cromwell in 1539, arguing that many of the town's inhabitants would fall into extreme poverty because their livelihoods depended on pilgrims visiting the priory.Henry VIII rejected a plan proposed byThomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk to convert the priory into acollegiate church. The dean was to be Prior William, and the six prebendaries and eight secular canons were to be the monks of the former house. Thetford Priory was closed down in 1540 and fell into the possession of the Duke of Norfolk.
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It housed the tombs of theHoward dynasty, ofHenry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset, and of other earlyTudor Dynasty officials. Even this could not save the priory from theDissolution of the Monasteries and, on its closure in 1540 (it was one of the last priories to be dissolved), the Howard tombs were removed toSt Michael the Archangel, Framlingham, close to the family'sFramlingham Castle.
The Prior’s Lodging was converted into a house which was occupied until the early 18th century.[2]
Its ruins (including the lower walls of the church and cloister, along with the impressive shell of the priors' lodging and, reached by a pathway from the main site, an almost complete 14th-century gatehouse) are open to the public as anEnglish Heritage site. The priory and gatehouse are Grade I listed buildings.[3][4] The ruins are reputedly haunted and were the subject of an episode of the television seriesGhosthunters.
TheChurch of the Holy Sepulchre, another Grade I listed building,[5] and originally part of another medieval monastery, is 300 metres to the south, directly across theRiver Little Ouse.
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