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| Thermococci | |
|---|---|
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| Thermococcus gammatolerans | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Kingdom: | Methanobacteriati |
| Phylum: | Methanobacteriota |
| Class: | Thermococci Zillig and Reysenbach 2002[1] |
| Order | |
| Synonyms | |
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Intaxonomy, theThermococci are aclass of microbes within theEuryarchaeota.[2]
They live in extremely hot environments, such ashydrothermal vents, and they have optimal growth temperatures above 80 °C.Thermococcus andPyrococcus (literally "balls of fire") are both obligatelyanaerobicchemoorganotrophs.
Thermococcus prefers 70–95 °C andPyrococcus 70-100 °C.Palaeococcus helgesonii, recently discovered in theTyrrhenian Sea, is anaerobicchemoheterotrophic that grows at temperatures of 45–85 °C with an optimal temperature of 80 °C.Thermococcus gammatolerans sp. nov. was recently discovered in theGuaymas Basin, and it grows at temperatures from 55 to 95 °C with an optimal temperature around 88 °C with an optimal pH of 6. It has pronouncedradioresistance and can survivegamma radiation at 30 kGy.[3]
Thermococcus grows on organic substrates where there is a higher capacity of elemental sulfur. This archaeon mostly grows between temperatures 60–100 degrees Celsius. The average temperature where they thrive is around 85 degrees Celsius.
The DNA structure has a cicular genome with around 2,353 coding sequence, and 2,306 are identified.
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