 The cover of the second edition, 1957 | |
| Author | Maurice Wilkes David Wheeler Stanley Gill |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Subject | Computer programming |
| Publisher | Addison-Wesley |
Publication date | 1951 |
| Publication place | United States |
| OCLC | 475783493 |
The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer[1] (sometimes calledWWG, after its authors' initials)[2] was the first book oncomputer programming.[3] Published in 1951, it was written byMaurice Wilkes,David Wheeler, andStanley Gill ofCambridge University. The book was based on the authors' experiences constructing and usingEDSAC, one of the first practical computers in the world.
It was the first book to describe a number of important concepts in programming, including:
Much of the book is dedicated to explaining the library. This consisted of eighty-eight subroutinesimplementing mathematical operations like the calculation oftrigonometric functions and arithmetic operations oncomplex numbers.[6] The library was a physical collection stored in afiling cabinet containingpunched paper tape encoding the subroutines. This included a "library catalog" describing how a programmer could use each subroutine; today this is calledAPI documentation.[4]
This chapter extensively investigates "proofreading" and location of the mistakes in the programs. It also advises against frequent refactoring as it introduces more mistakes as programmer tries to improve the program.
Includes examples of calculations ofe-sinx formula anddefinite integral, integration of ordinary differential equations, and evaluation of theFourier transform by using EDSAC programs.
discusses an assembling (compiling) and interpretation of a program, it also discusses motivation behind "floating addresses" which are, in modern terms,variable references (akin to C++variable references) which are replaced by compiler by a real memory addresses on the fly every time the subroutine is invoked.
This part contains mostly specification on the EDSAC'sstandard library's subroutines. Among included are subroutines for floating-point, complex numbers, debugging, exponential calculations, integration, differential arithmetic equations, logarithms,quadrature, and trigonometric subroutines.
The 1951 book was a mass-printed version of a report titledReport on the Preparation of Programmes for the EDSAC and the Use of the Library of Subroutines written in September 1950 for private circulation and distributed to no more than 100 people. Though written in England, the book was published byAddison-Wesley in the United States.[7][8][9]
At the timeWWG was published there were very fewdigital computers in the world. EDSAC, on which the book was based, was the first computer in the world to provide a practical computing service for researchers.[2] Demand for the book was so limited initially that it took six years to sell out the first edition.[7] As computers became more common in the 1950s, the book became the standard textbook on programming for a time.[4] The second edition was printed in 1957.[7] By that time, technology had advanced to the point thatWWG was somewhat outdated.[10][11]
ThoughWWG was the first published, book-length treatment of computer programming, it was not the first writing on the topic. The subject of programming had been pioneered byAda Lovelace more than a century prior. It had also been written about more recently byJohn von Neumann, whoseEDVAC Report of 1945 initially inspired Wilkes to create EDSAC.[2]
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