Théodule-Augustin Ribot (French pronunciation:[teɔdyloɡystɛ̃ʁibo]; August 8, 1823 – September 11, 1891) was a Frenchrealist painter and printmaker.

He was born inSaint-Nicolas-d'Attez, and studied at the École des Arts et Métiers de Châlons before moving to Paris in 1845. There he found work decorating gilded frames for a mirror manufacturer. Although he received a measure of artistic training while working as an assistant to Auguste-Barthélémy Glaize, Ribot was mostly self-taught as a painter.^[1] After a trip toAlgeria around 1848, he returned in 1851 to Paris, where he continued to make his living as an artisan. In the late 1850s, working at night by lamplight, he began to paint seriously, depicting everyday subjects in a realistic style.^[2]

Ribot worked in at least three mediums,oil paint,pencil orcrayon draughtsmanship andetching. Some drawings were complete works, others fragmentary but powerful preparations for painted canvases. The etchings, of which there are only about a couple of dozen, are of the middle period of his practice; they show a diversity of method as well as of theme.^[3]

He made hisSalon debut in 1861 with four paintings of kitchen subjects.^[2] Collectors purchased the works, and his paintings in the Salons of 1864 and 1865 were awarded medals.^[2]

Ribot painted domesticgenre works,still-lifes,portraits, as well as religious scenes, such as his Salon successSt. Sebastian, Martyr (1865).^[4] The earlier work was drier and austere but still with an intensity of conception and presentation; later works were freer and broader.^[3] His preference was for painting directly from nature, emphasizing the contrasts of light and dark. His use ofchiaroscuro to suggest psychological states grew from his admiration for Spanish and Dutchbaroque masters such asRibera andRembrandt,^[2] an enthusiasm shared by his contemporariesCourbet andBonvin. Members of Ribot's family are the likely models for many of his figure compositions, in which the subjects engage in humble activities, such as preparing meals or gathering in groups to read to each other. The light draws attention to faces and hands, which emerge sharply from dimly lit surroundings.

Although the realism of Ribot's work aligns him with the most progressive artists of the generation preceding theImpressionists, he was no revolutionary, and his work met with a generally favorable response from the public and from critics.

In 1878 Ribot received theLégion d'honneur.^[2] At about this time, in ill health, he stopped painting and moved toColombes, where he died in 1891.

His son,Germain Théodore Ribot (1845–1893), was a painter of still-lifes and genre in a style similar to that of his father.^[5]

• Gallery
• 
  Still Life with Apples and a Pomegranate', circa 1865
• 
  A Girl Arranging a Vase of Flowers
• 
  The Cook and the Cat
• 
  The Good Samaritan, 1870

• Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.), Charles Sterling, and Margaretta M. Salinger (1967).French Paintings: a Catalogue of the Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. III : XIX-XX Centuries III. New York, NY: Metropolitan Museum of Art.OCLC 431474411
• Rosenblum, Robert (1989).Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay. New York: Stewart, Tabori & Chang.ISBN 1-55670-099-7
• Turner, J. (2000).From Monet to Cézanne: late 19th-century French artists. Grove Art. New York: St Martin's Press.ISBN 0-312-22971-2
• Weisberg, Gabriel P., "Théodule Ribot", Oxford Art Online

Media related toAugustin Théodule Ribot at Wikimedia Commons

• 19th-century French painters
• French male painters
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• 1891 deaths
• French Realist painters
• 19th-century French male artists

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