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Terrorism in Colombia has occurred repeatedly during the last several decades, largely due to theongoing armed conflict the country has been involved in since 1964. Perpetrators ofterrorist acts in the country range fromleftistguerrilla forces includingFARC,ELN andM-19, todrug cartels such as theMedellín Cartel, toright-wing paramilitary forces including theAUC.
Notable groups involved in terror attacks include:
During the early 21st century, the number of known and suspected terrorists killed, captured, or surrendered fell asterror groups changed their tactics, while casualties rose. TheRevolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) reverted to hit-and-run attacks rather than engage in large unit encounters.[1]
In November, 2011, security forces killed FARC leaderGuillermo León Sáenz Vargas, also known as "Alfonso Cano."[1]
Colombia has employed a multi-agency approach to countering radicalization and discouragingviolent extremism. Thegovernment's program focuses on encouraging individual members units of the FARC and ELN to demobilize and reintegrate into society.Demobilization and reintegration programs provide medical care,psychological counseling, education benefits, andjob placement assistance. Recidivism rates were estimated at between 10 and 20 percent by the Colombian Agency for Reintegration. Additionally, the Ministry of Defense has organized a number of publicfestivals and social events with celebrity participation to discourage the recruitment of vulnerable youth.[2]
In 2013, a total of 1,350 FARC and ELN members had demobilized.[2]
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