| Terreneuvian | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 538.8 ± 0.6 – ~521Ma | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.png) A map of Earth as it appeared 530 million years ago during the Terreneuvian Series, Fortunian Stage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Delegates from the Ichnia 2012 conference inspect the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary at Fortune Head Ecological Reserve, Newfoundland, Canada. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chronology | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Etymology | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name formality | Formal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name ratified | September 2007[2] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Former name(s) | Cambrian Stage 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage information | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Celestial body | Earth | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regional usage | Global (ICS) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time scale(s) used | ICS Time Scale | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chronological unit | Epoch | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stratigraphic unit | Series | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First proposed by | Ed Landing, 2007[3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time span formality | Formal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower boundary definition | Appearance of theIchnofossilTreptichnus pedum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower boundary GSSP | Fortune Head section,Newfoundland,Canada 47°04′20″N55°51′52″W / 47.072163°N 55.864398°W /47.072163; -55.864398 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lower GSSP ratified | September 2007 (as base of Terreneuvian and Fortunian)[2]: 287 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper boundary definition | Not formally defined | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper boundary definition candidates | FAD ofTrilobites | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper boundary GSSP candidate section(s) | None | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Upper GSSP ratified | Not formally defined | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TheTerreneuvian is the lowermost and oldestseries of theCambrian geologicalsystem.[2] Its base is defined by thefirst appearance datum of thetrace fossilTreptichnus pedum around 538.8 million years ago. Its top is defined as the first appearance oftrilobites in the stratigraphic record around 521 million years ago.[4] This series' name was formally accepted by theInternational Commission on Stratigraphy in 2007.[2]
TheFortunianstage and presently unnamed CambrianStage 2 are the stages within this series. The Terreneuvian corresponds to the pre-trilobitic Cambrian.[5]
The name Terreneuvian is derived fromTerre Neuve, the French name for the island ofNewfoundland,Canada, where many rocks of this age are found, including thetype section.[2][4]
The type locality (GSSP) of the Terreneuvian is inFortune Head, at the northern edge of theBurin Peninsula,Newfoundland,Canada (47°04′34″N55°49′52″W / 47.0762°N 55.8310°W /47.0762; -55.8310). The outcrops show a carbonate-siliciclastic succession which is mapped as theChapel Island Formation. The formation is divided into the following members that are composed of peritidal sandstones and shales (Member 1), muddy deltaic and shelf sandstones and mudstones (Member 2A), laminated siltstones (Member 2B and 3) and mudstones and limestones of the inner shelf (Member 4). The Precambrian-Cambrian boundary lies 2.4 m above the base of the second member, which is the lowest occurrence ofTreptichnus pedum. The traces can be seen on the lower surface of the sandstone layers. The first calcareous shelled skeletal fossils(Ladatheca cylindrica) are 400 m above the boundary. The firsttrilobites appear 1400 m above the boundary, which corresponds to the beginning of theBranchian Series (Series 2).[6]
The second phase of theCambrian explosion occurs during the Terreneuvian. Lots oflophotrochozoan and calcified basalmetazoan lineages appeared in this epoch. However,deuterostomes are absent in this interval.[7]
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