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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Vumon |
| Other names | VM-26 |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a692045 |
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| Routes of administration | Intravenous |
| ATC code | |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | N/A |
| Protein binding | >99% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic (CYP2C19-mediated) |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 5 hours |
| Excretion | Renal and fecal |
| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number | |
| PubChemCID | |
| IUPHAR/BPS | |
| DrugBank |
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| ChemSpider |
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| UNII | |
| KEGG |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.045.286 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C32H32O13S |
| Molar mass | 656.66 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Teniposide (trade nameVumon) is achemotherapeuticmedication[1] used in the treatment of childhoodacute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL),Hodgkin's lymphoma, certainbrain tumours, and other types of cancer.[2] It is in a class of drugs known aspodophyllotoxin derivatives and slows the growth ofcancer cells in the body.[3]
Teniposide is used for the treatment of a number of cancer types in children. In the US, it is approved for the second-line therapy of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in combination with otherantineoplastic drugs.[3] In Europe, it is also approved for the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma, generalizedmalignant lymphoma,reticulocytesarcoma, acuteleukaemia, primary brain tumours (glioblastoma,ependymoma,astrocytoma),bladder cancer,neuroblastoma and other solid tumours in children.[2]
The medication isinjected though a vein and burns if it leaks under the skin. It can be used in combination with other anticancer drugs.[2]
The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy andlactation, in patients with severe liver or kidney impairment or severely impairedhaematopoiesis.[2]
Teniposide, when used with other chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of ALL, results in severebone marrow suppression. Other common side effects includegastrointestinal toxicity,hypersensitivity reactions, and reversiblealopecia.[2]
No systematic interaction studies are available. Theenzyme inducersphenobarbital andphenytoin have been found to lower its blood plasma concentrations.[4] Theoretically possible interactions include increased plasma concentrations when combined withsodium salicylate,sulfamethizole ortolbutamide, which displace teniposide fromplasma protein binding, at leastin vitro.[2][3]
Teniposide causes dose-dependent single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA and DNA-protein cross-links.[2] The substance has been found to act as aninhibitor of topoisomerase II (an enzyme that aids in DNA unwinding),[4][5] since it does not intercalate into DNA or bind strongly to DNA. The cytotoxic effects of teniposide are related to the relative number of double-stranded DNA breaks produced in cells, which are a reflection of the stabilization of a topoisomerase II-DNA intermediate.[citation needed]
Teniposide is asemisynthetic derivative ofpodophyllotoxin[2] from therhizome of thewild mandrake (Podophyllum peltatum). More specifically, it is aglycoside of podophyllotoxin with aD-glucose derivative. It is chemically similar to the anti-cancer drugetoposide, being distinguished only by athienyl rest where etoposide has a methyl.[4] Both these compounds have been developed with the aim of creating less toxic derivatives of podophyllotoxin.[6]